淀粉接枝丙烯酸超强吸水剂研究

本文采用正交实验讨论了淀粉接枝丙烯酸合成树脂过程中,引发剂、交联剂、丙烯酸的中和度、单体的用量等因素的影响,同时讨论了产品的耐盐性和受热保水性。     

木薯发酵制备酒精后剩余残渣的综合利用

木薯发酵制备乙醇会产生大量以淀粉和纤维素为主要成分的残渣。经实验证明,在浓硫酸(60%)、浓硝酸和催化剂共同作用下,经水解-氧化-水解可成功地将木薯渣制备成草酸。实验确定了用木薯渣制备草酸的较优条件,测定了产品的熔点,分析了剩余残渣、废水,结果表明剩余残渣和废水不会对环境造成污染,既为草酸的生产提供了新思路,又为农产品的残渣综合利用找到途径,发展前景广阔。     

The Potential Application of Starch and Walnut Shells as Biofillers for Natural Rubber (NR) Composites

The goal of this study was application of corn starch and ground walnut shells in various amounts by weight as biofillers of natural rubber (NR) biocomposites. Additionally, ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmiCl) and (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) were used to increase the activity of biofillers and to improve the curing characteristics of NR composites. The effect of biofillers used and their modification with aminosilane or ionic liquid on the curing characteristics of NR composites and their functional properties, including crosslink density, mechanical properties in static and dynamic conditions, hardness, thermal stability and resistance to thermo-oxidative aging were investigated. Starch and ground walnut shells were classified as inactive fillers, which can be used alternatively to commercial inactive fillers, e.g., chalk. BmiCl and APTES were successfully used to support the vulcanization and to improve the dispersion of biofillers in NR elastomer matrix. Vulcanizates with starch, especially those containing APTES and BmiCl, exhibited improved tensile properties due to the higher crosslink density and homogenous dispersion of starch, which resulted from BmiCl addition. NR filled with ground walnut shells demonstrated improved resistance to thermo-oxidative aging. It resulted from lignin present in walnut shells, the components of which belong to polyphenols, that have an antioxidant activity.     

疏水性阳离子型淀粉改性絮凝剂的合成及絮凝性能评价

以硝酸铈胺为引发剂,采用正交实验研究了疏水性阳离子型淀粉改性絮凝剂P（St—AM—DMDAAC—BA）合成的工艺条件,并评价了接枝共聚物产品的絮凝效果。实验得出最佳的合成条件为：淀粉与单体的质量比1：3,总单体质量分数40％,引发剂0.06％,表面活性剂用量26g／L,反应温度50℃,pH4～5,反应时间3h。结果表明,絮凝剂加量为6mg／L时絮凝效果最好。     

不同淀粉对混合磁选精矿抑制效果的研究

通过淀粉对赤铁矿的抑制机理分析,经过浮选试验,研究了玉米淀粉、糯玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、木薯淀粉在齐大山铁矿选矿分厂浮选中的作用效果。研究结果表明,各种淀粉对赤铁矿都有一定的抑制作用,各种淀粉的的分子量不相同,支链部分和直链部分的比例不同,是淀粉对赤铁矿抑制作用存在差别的主要原因。     

有机抑制剂在铁矿石反浮选中的应用研究进展

反浮选工艺以浮选效率高和产品质量好而广泛用于铁矿浮选过程中。在反浮选工艺中,选取高效、经济和环保的抑制剂对反浮选的结果起决定性作用。本文综述了铁矿石浮选过程中有机抑制剂的研究进展,重点介绍了淀粉和纤维素等抑制剂的研究现状,简述了有机抑制剂种类等因素对其抑制性能的影响。虽然有机抑制剂选择性好、分选效率高、价格低廉和绿色环保,但在铁矿石浮选中还存在一些不足之处,因此寻找高效抑制剂替代物和对有机抑制剂改性将会是未来有机抑制剂的研究重点。     

肉灌肠中淀粉测定的操作要点及改进

主要目的是重新认识淀粉测定中的操作要点,并结合实践经验加以改进和完善,提高化验结果的准确度,更好地指导和监督生产。     

Dielectric and microwave-absorbing behavior of hydrated wheat starch-gluten systems in relation to water mobility

Microwave heating has become popular in wheat-based food processing owing to its environmental friendliness, high-efficiency and low energy consumption. Water plays an important role in microwave food processing as it is a highly dielectric material that can react with many food components while being dynamic in complex food systems and affecting the overall dielectric response. In this study, hydrated systems of wheat starch, gluten (GLU) and starch-GLU mixtures (CBF) with different moisture contents were prepared and the variation patterns of their water mobility, dielectric properties and microwave absorption properties were measured. The results of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis showed that water mobility was strongly influenced by moisture content and interactions between starch or GLU and water-restricted dynamic migration. In CBF, interactions between starch and water predominated under a reduced effect of GLU. As the water content increased, the complex permittivity showed an upward tendency, and the coupling capability of the hydrated systems with microwave was best at 35% moisture content. And the dielectric response and absorption characteristics of the hydrated systems fluctuated in a non-additive manner due to the interplay between moisture and the system components. Moreover, the correlation analysis was confirmed that the relationship between dielectric response behavior and water mobility, as higher water mobility more strongly influenced the augmentation of the dielectric characteristics and dominated changes in the locations of the microwave absorption peak and reflection loss value. These findings provide a possibility to manipulate the dielectric response changes of wheat-based materials under a microwave field through regulating the water mobility, thereby laying a theoretical basis to improve the utilization of microwave for wheat-based food production.     

Separation performance of an 8 mm mini-hydrocyclone and its application to the treatment of rice starch wastewater

ABSTRACT

The rice starch particles are difficult to separate from starch suspensions for its fine diameter. In this work, an 8 mm mini-hydrocyclone is designed, and its separation performance and potential for the treatment of rice starch wastewater is investigated. The capacities, total separation efficiencies of an 8 mm mini-hydrocyclone and a 10 mm mini-hydrocyclone are compared. The experimental results reveal that the total separation efficiency of the 8 mm mini-hydrocyclone is approximately 13% higher than that of the 10 mm mini-hydrocyclone. A total separation efficiency of 92.1% was obtained using a two-stage hydrocyclone separation process comprising two 8 mm mini-hydrocyclones connected in series. The research findings can be utilized to efficiently treat the rice starch wastewater.