一种合成二烃基硒醚的新方法

在固体氢氧化钠存在下，卤代烃及硼氢化钠与硒粉作用，在乙醇溶液中制得二烃基硒醚。     

过硼酸钠在有机合成中新的应用

介绍了过硼酸钠在有机合成中的一些新的应用。综述了过硼酸钠与芳胺、芳酰胺、有机硼化物、醛等化合物的氧化,取代、酯化反应。     

N,N′-乙撑双[N(乙磺酸钠)-十二酰胺]的合成与性能评价

以乙二胺、2-氯乙基磺酸钠、月桂酸等为原料合成了N,N′-乙撑双[N(乙磺酸钠)-十二酰胺](简记为DTM-12)。以IR和1HNMR对其结构进行了初步表征。该目标产物水溶液的CMC(0.5 mmol/L)分别是十二烷基硫酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠的1/16和1/20,γCMC(29.7 mN/m)低8~9 mN/m。DTM-12分别与十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和辛基酚聚乙氧基醚9-10EO(Triton X-100)组成的复配体系在摩尔比为3∶7时,CMC达到0.106和0.049 mmol/L,γCMC达到25.4和31.7 mN/m,优于十二烷基磺酸钠组成的复配体系。DTM-12还具有良好的起泡性和稳泡性。     

一水硫酸氢钠催化合成乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯

以一水硫酸氢钠为催化剂,由乙二醇单甲醚和冰乙酸合成了乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯。考察了乙二醇单甲醚和冰乙酸摩尔比及催化剂用量对酯化率的影响。适宜反应条件为:乙二醇单甲醚∶冰乙酸∶一水硫酸氢钠=1∶1.75∶0.036(摩尔比),苯作带水剂,回流分水60min,酯化率达90.0%。产品经元素分析和红外光谱表征。     

硫酸氢钠催化合成丁二酸二乙酯

在一水硫酸氢钠存在下 ,由乙醇和丁二酸合成了丁二酸二乙酯。当丁二酸、乙醇和硫酸氢钠的物质的量比为 1∶ 6∶ 0 .2 ,环己烷为溶剂 ,回流分水 5 0 m in,酯收率达 80 .5 %     

奈非西坦药物的合成研究

以碳酸钠为缚酸剂,摩尔比为1︰1的2,6-二甲基苯胺与氯乙酰氯反应合成了中间体2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺;在强碱乙醇钠作用下,2-吡咯烷酮再与2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺经亲核取代合成了目标化合物奈非西坦。探讨了影响中间体和奈非西坦产率的因素,在乙醇钠、2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺和2-吡咯烷酮的摩尔比为2︰1︰2、反应时间为2 h的较佳工艺条件下,产品总收率达81%。     

2,3-环氧丙磺酸钠的合成及应用进展

综述了3 氯 2 羟基丙磺酸钠和2,3 环氧丙磺酸钠的合成及其在功能材料方面的应用。由环氧氯丙烷与亚硫酸氢钠反应可以生成3 氯 2 羟基丙磺酸钠,再由3 氯 2 羟基丙磺酸钠在碱性溶液中闭环生成2,3 环氧丙磺酸钠。2,3 环氧丙磺酸钠因其分子结构中既含有环氧基,又含有亲水性的磺酸盐基团,可通过环氧基的开环反应和共聚反应等制备许多性能优异的功能物质如:胶凝化剂、稠化剂、乳化剂、光敏材料、印染保护剂等。     

Sorption,diffusion, and swelling characteristics of sodium alginate and its blend membranes with poly(vinyl alcohol) in water–acetic acid mixtures

Sorption, diffusion, and swelling characteristics of sodium alginate and its blend membranes with poly(vinyl alcohol) were investigated for water–acetic acid mixtures by using a gravimetric method at 30, 40, and 50°C. The membranes were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques. Concentration‐independent diffusion coefficients were obtained by applying Fick's relationship before completion of equilibrium sorption. Permeation coefficients were calculated from sorption and diffusion coefficients. Concentration profiles of liquids were computed considering the sheet geometry for the membrane by solving Fick's equation under suitable boundary conditions. Arrhenius activation parameters were computed for the transport processes. Experimental results and calculated quantities were discussed to understand membrane–solvent interactions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1139–1150, 2004     

Comparison of single and coastal superphosphate for subterranean clover on phosphorus leaching soils

Coastal superphosphate, a partially acidulated rock phosphate (PARP), is being considered as an alternative fertilizer to single superphosphate for pastures in high rainfall (> 800 mm annual average) areas of south-western Australia. The effectiveness of single and coastal superphosphate, as P fertilizers, was measured in two field experiments using dry herbage yield of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum). The experiments were started in April 1990 and were terminated at the end of 1993. In the years after P applications, soil samples were collected each January to measure Colwell soil-test P, which was related to plant yields measured later on that year, to provide soil P test calibrations.Relative to freshly-applied single superphosphate, the effectiveness of freshly-applied coastal superphosphate and the residues of previously-applied single and coastal superphosphate were less effective in some years (from 3% as effective to equally effective), and up to 100% more effective in other years. This large range in effectiveness values in different years is attributed to different climatic conditions. Soil P test calibrations were different for soils treated with single or coastal superphosphate. The calibrations were also different for different yield assessments (harvests) in the same year, and in different years. Consequently soil P testing can only provide a very crude estimate of the current P status of the soils.     

火焰发射光谱法联合测定磷矿石和磷精矿中氧化钾及氧化钠

采用双通道的FP-640火焰光度计对磷矿中钾、钠元素进行联合测定试验。试验结果表明：在0．1％～1.0％区间内，K2O的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1．88％～2．93％，回收率为96．6％～102．7％；Na2O的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1．05％～2．10％，回收率为97．3％～101．2％。