ZHS添加剂对济(源)钢烧结矿性能的影响

通过对济源钢铁公司烧结矿添加ZHS添加剂的系列试验，着重研究了ZHS添加剂对烧结矿转鼓指数，还原性，低温还原粉化率及熔滴性能的影响，试验表明，ZHS添加剂对改善烧结矿冶金性能具有良好效果，为改善济（源）钢烧结矿质量提供了新的途径。     

Kalimullin Pairs of §02 w-Enumeration Degrees

We study the notion of K-pairs in the local structure of the w-enumeration degrees. We introduce the notion of super almost zero sequences and investigate their structural properties.     

Kinetics of oxidative cracking of n‐hexane to olefins over VOx/Ce‐Al2O3 under gas phase oxygen‐free environment

The kinetics of oxidative cracking of n‐hexane to olefins using lattice oxygen of VO_x/Ce‐Al₂O₃ is investigated. The TPR/TPO analysis shows a consistent reducibility (79%) of VO_x/Ce‐Al₂O₃ in repeated redox cycles. The total acidity of the sample is found to be 0.54 mmol/g with 22% are strong acid sites that favors olefin selectivity. The oxidative cracking of n‐hexane in a fluidized CREC Riser simulator gives approximately 60% olefin selectivity at 30% n‐hexane conversion. A kinetic model is developed considering (1) cracking, (2) oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH), and (3) catalyst deactivations. The proposed cracking mechanism considers adsorption, C–H and C–C bond fission and desorption as elementary steps and implemented by pseudo steady state hypothesis. A Langmuir‐Hinshelwood mechanism is found to represent the ODH reactions. The developed model fits the experimental data with favorable statistical indicators. The estimated specific reaction rate constants are also found to be consistent with the product selectivity data. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 130–138, 2017     

On the reactivity of K2O‐, CaO‐ and P2O5‐doped nickel molybdate catalysts in a periodic‐flow reactor

The propane oxydehydrogenation with monolayer lattice oxygen of undoped and K₂O–, CaO– and P₂O₅–NiMoO₄ was investigated by using a periodic‐flow reactor (PFR). The influence of the nature and the extent of the promoter has been emphasized relative to the doped catalysts with respect to pure NiMoO₄ phases. It was observed that calcium and potassium promoters satisfactorily enhance propylene selectivity, and phosphorus promoter specifically increases the total activity while maintaining the propylene selectivity. Evidence found by thermogravimetric (TG) analyses (oxygen depletion rate) has shown a dependence on lattice oxygen mobility due to the presence of promoters. This dependence has been correlated to the propane conversion while the propylene selectivity was attributed to the acid–base properties. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

挥发氧化锌粉的相对还原性及其影响因素研究

鉴于回转窑还原挥发氧化锌粉表现出的还原性及其对后续冶炼工艺的影响, 提出了氧化锌粉相对还原性的概念和表征方法, 并进行了挥发氧化锌粉相对还原性及其影响因素的试验研究。结果发现, 挥发氧化锌粉的相对还原性与其中不溶硫、铁、铅含量之间存在正相关关系。ZnS, ZnFe₂O₄, PbS是影响其相对还原性的主要物相; 氧化锌粉的相对还原性越低, 氧化锌粉中锌浸出回收越高。根据生产实践情况, 提出了氧化锌粉相对还原性的控制指标。     

Iron Ore Sintering: Quality Indices

Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, slag-forming agents and solid fuel (coke) with the finality of obtaining a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical) for being fed to the blast furnace. With this objective a series of parameters are defined, including the nature and composition of each component of the mixture, and the conditions of the sintering process. Sinter characterization includes chemical and granulometric analysis, determination of the mineral phases in its structure, apart from a series of quality indices that includes reducibility, low temperature degradation, reduction degradation and Tumbler. Operated sinter plants with the maximum productivity are also important with the purpose of obtaining a sinter with uniform composition and quality for facilitating the steady state operation of the blast furnace.     

Steam reforming of toluene as a biomass tar model compound over CeO2 promoted Ni/CaO–Al2O3 catalytic systems

Steam reforming of toluene as a biomass tar model compound was performed over Ni supported CaO–Al₂O₃ (Ca–Al) and CeO₂ promoted CaO–Al₂O₃ (Ca–Al–Ce) catalysts to explore promotional effect of CeO₂ on Ca–Al support. Among all the catalysts tested, Ni/Ca–Al–Ce(0.2) catalyst gave superior catalytic performance over other catalysts. The basic strength of catalytic supports measured by CO₂ TPD and Hammett indicator methods indicates Ca–Al–Ce(0.2) support has higher surface basicity and base strength compared to Ca–Al and other Ca–Al–Ce(x) supports. Furthermore, CO pulse chemisorption results showed that Ni/Ca–Al–Ce(0.2) catalyst has a higher amount of surface metallic nickel compared to other Ni/Ca–Al–Ce catalysts. TPR analysis reveals that the redox property of CeO₂ can enhance the reducibility of supported nickel species, which is further confirmed using XPS analysis, where addition of CeO₂ enhanced the interaction of Ni species with Ce by reducing the interaction of Ni species with the Al support, resulting in the formation of Ni° rich surface. However, formation of bulk NiO species was also observed for the catalyst having higher amount of CeO_2. TGA analysis on spent catalysts reveals that all CeO₂-containing catalysts generally result in lower carbon formation rates as compared to Ni/Ca–Al catalyst.     

水可稀释性醇酸树脂及其氨基烘漆的制备

通过在醇酸树脂合成过程中,引入含磺酸盐基的5-(钠代磺基)间苯二甲酸(5-SSIPA)单体,制备了水可稀释性醇酸树脂。用该醇酸树脂,配以水性氨基树脂,制备了性能优异的水性氨基醇酸烘漆,并对影响树脂和漆膜性能的因素进行了探讨。     

An Algorithm for Reducibility of 3-arrangements

We consider a central hyperplane arrangement in a three-dimensional vector space.The definition of characteristic form to a hyperplane arrangement is given and we could make use of characteristic form to judge the reducibility of this arrangement.In addition,the relationship between the reducibility and freeness of a hyperplane arrangement is given.     

不确定性系统的统一性

本文综述不确定性系统的统一性.首先揭示Fuzzy系统的概率论意义,指出Fuzzy,系统中常用的清晰化方法,即重心法是合理的且在平均平方意义下是最优的方法.基于不同的Fuzzy蕴涵算予,一给出几种典型的概率分布,如Zadeh分布、Mamdani分布、Lukasiewicz分布等,它们充当Fuzzy系统的"系统内核"作用.此外,根据Fuzzy系统概率分布的一些性质,论证了由Zadeh提出的构造Fuzzy系统的CRI算法是基本合理的且有效的.此外还刻画了均匀概率分布在.Fuzzy 系统中的特殊作用.随后揭示了随机系统的 Fuzzy 推理意义.首先,相对于不确定性系统,给出了随机系统的定义,它视为对一个不确定系统的逼近.然后指出,对于任意给定的一个随机系统,总能将它转化为一组 Fuzzy 推理规则,由此可构造一个Fuzzy 系统,并且证明了这样构造的 Fuzzyr 系统能逼近给定的随机系统到指定的精度.还讨论了Fuzzy 系统与随机系统转换中的还原性.最后概述了不确定性系统的统一性.