慕课时代的有机化学实验教学改革初探

针对当前有机化学实验教学现状,提出了一系列的有效途径以激发学生的学习热情,有效地提高实验课程的教学质量,具体内容包括精选实验教学内容、推广微型实验、将慕课引进实验教学、规范实验报告的撰写和构建合理的考核方案等实验教学改革方案,最后对有机化学实验教学改革的未来进行了展望。     

电迁移作用下的微焊点振动疲劳行为研究

研究了不同电迁移时间(0～96 h)和电流密度(0～1.52×104A/cm2)对Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu微焊点振动疲劳行为的影响.结果显示,在电迁移时间和电流密度均为0时,微焊点的振动疲劳循环次数大于1 170次,疲劳寿命大干234 min;而在125℃服役温度下,当振动频率为0.8 Hz,交变应力为0～20 M...     

Optimization of flame stabilization methods in the premixed microcombustion of hydrogen–air mixture

The premixed combustion of a lean hydrogen–air mixture is analyzed in this study to examine various properties and flame stabilization. A two-dimensional (2D) analysis of a microscale combustor is performed with various shapes of bluff bodies (e.g., circular and triangular). Nine bluff bodies are placed at the entrance of the microscale combustor and solved with 2D governing equations. The analysis is performed with the three velocities of 10, 20, and 30 m/s, but the equivalence ratio is fixed in all cases. The various characteristics of the microscale combustor are studied such as the temperature of the wall, difference in peak temperature, the mean velocity at the outlet, and temperature of the exhaust gases. Flame stabilization depends on various factors such as bluff body shape and size, and the velocity of the fuel–air mixture at the inlet and recirculation zone. In comparison to all bluff body cases, we observe that the wall blade bluff body is the most efficient (low exhaust gas temperature, large recirculation zone, low mean velocity at the outlet of the microcombustor, and high wall temperature) compared with all eight other bluff body cases. Combustion efficiency is directly proportional to the wall temperature, meaning that the microcombustor with wall blade bluff bodies is more efficient with a stabilized flame. The simulation results are compared with published data on an L/D ratio of 15.     

界面滑移对动压气体轴承间隙流动特性的影响*

为揭示转子静子表面流固界面非一致滑移状态下动压气体轴承转静子间隙流动机制以及对轴承性能的影响,建立界面非一致滑移修正雷诺方程,并耦合气膜厚度方程进行超松弛迭代求解,数值分析研究转静侧滑移状态、偏心率、间隙尺寸和耦合弹性箔片对间隙气膜流动特性的影响。结果表明：流固界面滑移状态对转静子间隙流动及其轴承性能具有显著的影响;转子侧滑移发生在压力上升区,这使得高压区压力减小;而静子侧滑移发生在压力下降区,使得高压区压力增大;与无滑移情形相比,局部滑移时间隙气膜压力峰值变化增幅达12%。在研究的参数范围内,随着偏心率减小和间隙高度增大,间隙界面滑移状态逐渐由转子侧滑移占主导向静子侧滑移占主导转变;耦合弹性箔片时,滑移区域增大1~4倍,滑移速度增大2~8倍,间隙气膜压力呈现双峰值分布。     

三维金属MEMS器件电化学制造技术

EFAB技术是微加工领域一项重大的突破,开辟了MEMS金属器件加工的新天地,与其他微加工技术相比,EFAB技术的主要优点是:可实现MEMS中复杂三维金属微结构器件快速、自动化、批量制造。基于快速原型思想,EFAB利用实时掩模技术将金属材料层层叠加起来,可以加工任意形状的金属三维微结构。介绍了EFAB技术原理,并对其加工设备、分层技术、实时掩模、过程监控等关键技术进行了剖析,最后给出了应用实例。     

Microscale bone grinding temperature by dynamic heat flux in nanoparticle jet mist cooling with different particle sizes

Nanoparticle jet mist cooling (NJMC) is an effective solution to prevent heat injuries in clinical neurosurgery bone grinding. A simulation study on temperature field of microscale bone grinding was performed to discuss the effect of nanoparticle size on heat convection during this cooling method by the dynamic heat flux density model. Such dynamic heat flux density model was established through real-time acquisition of grinding force signals. Results showed that given the real-time dynamic heat flux, workpiece surface temperature changes with time. Nanofluids using 30?nm nanoparticles show the largest heat convection coefficient (1.8723?W/mm²?·?K) and the lowest average surface temperature followed by nanofluids of 50, 70, and 90?nm nanoparticles successively. An experimental verification using fresh bovine femur was conducted with 2% (volume fraction) of different sizes of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles. The simulated temperature under dynamic heat flux comes close to the actual measured temperature. Under testing conditions, temperature under mist cooling is 33.6°C, temperatures under NJMC using nanofluids (30, 50, 70, and 90?nm) are 21.4, 17.6, 16.1, and 8.3% lower, respectively. This result confirmed the positive correlation between the average workpiece surface temperature and nanoparticle size. Experimental results agreed with theoretical analysis, verifying the validity of theoretical modeling.     

Microscale Parallel Synthesis of Acylated Aminotriazoles Enabling the Development of Factor XIIa and Thrombin Inhibitors

Herein we report a microscale parallel synthetic approach allowing for rapid access to libraries of N-acylated aminotriazoles and screening of their inhibitory activity against factor XIIa (FXIIa) and thrombin, which are targets for antithrombotic drugs. This approach, in combination with post-screening structure optimization, yielded a potent 7 nM inhibitor of FXIIa and a 25 nM thrombin inhibitor; both compounds showed no inhibition of the other tested serine proteases. Selected N-acylated aminotriazoles exhibited anticoagulant properties in vitro influencing the intrinsic blood coagulation pathway, but not extrinsic coagulation. Mechanistic studies of FXIIa inhibition suggested that synthesized N-acylated aminotriazoles are covalent inhibitors of FXIIa. These synthesized compounds may serve as a promising starting point for the development of novel antithrombotic drugs.     

LysM Receptor-Like Kinase LYK9 of Pisum Sativum L. May Regulate Plant Responses to Chitooligosaccharides Differing in Structure

This study focused on the interactions of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants with phytopathogenic and beneficial fungi. Here, we examined whether the lysin-motif (LysM) receptor-like kinase PsLYK9 is directly involved in the perception of long- and short-chain chitooligosaccharides (COs) released after hydrolysis of the cell walls of phytopathogenic fungi and identified in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal exudates. The identification and analysis of pea mutants impaired in the lyk9 gene confirmed the involvement of PsLYK9 in symbiosis development with AM fungi. Additionally, PsLYK9 regulated the immune response and resistance to phytopathogenic fungi, suggesting its bifunctional role. The existence of co-receptors may provide explanations for the potential dual role of PsLYK9 in the regulation of interactions with pathogenic and AM fungi. Co-immunoprecipitation assay revealed that PsLYK9 and two proposed co-receptors, PsLYR4 and PsLYR3, can form complexes. Analysis of binding capacity showed that PsLYK9 and PsLYR4, synthesized as extracellular domains in insect cells, were able to bind the deacetylated (DA) oligomers CO5-DA–CO8-DA. Our results suggest that the receptor complex consisting of PsLYK9 and PsLYR4 can trigger a signal pathway that stimulates the immune response in peas. However, PsLYR3 seems not to be involved in the perception of CO4-5, as a possible co-receptor of PsLYK9.     

Experimental study on visualization of the flow field in microtube

Fluid flow in microtubes and microchannels has emerged as an important area of re-search. Because advances in microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and other mi-crotechnologies involving fluid transport require the use of microfluidic components, which are often interconnected by tubes and channels. Up to now, many researches es-pecially on experimental studies have been performed to clarify the heat and mass transport characteristics in the microtube and microchannels. Wang and Peng[1] exp…