黄单胞菌的筛选及其降解烷烃性能

从受石油污染的海水筛选了一株能降解烃类的菌株黄单胞菌(Pseudomonas Xanthomonsa)。并实验研究了它的降解性能。结果表明，该菌株能降解庚烷和甲苯，在48h内对1．5％庚烷的利用率达到30．06％，且能在氯化钠浓度为10～90g／L的培养基中生长。     

超微细Al_2O_3与PMMA溶液复合技术的研究

利用溶液复合技术制备了超微细Ａｌ２Ｏ３粒子与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＰＭＭＡ）的复合材料。ＳＥＭ证示采用乙酸乙酯作溶剂，可以将超微细Ａｌ２Ｏ３很好地分散于ＰＭＭＡ基体中，力学性能测试结果表明超微细Ａｌ２Ｏ３对ＰＭ－ＭＡ具有很好的增韧增强作用，当Ａｌ２Ｏ３用量为１０％，粒子半径为０．０５μｍ时，ＰＭＭＡ的拉伸强度增加３倍，缺口冲击强度增加了１０倍。差热分析结果说明超微细Ａｌ２Ｏ３加入ＰＭＭＡ后，提高了ＰＭＭＡ的热分解温度，降低了Ａｌ２Ｏ３的相转变温度，预示超微细Ａｌ２Ｏ３与ＰＭＭＡ可能发生了化学结合。     

Preparation,characterization of Y~(3+)-doped TiO_2 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities for methyl orange degradation

A series of pure and Y3+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with high photocatalytic activities were prepared by a sol-gel method using tetra-n-butyl titanate as precursor.The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS).The results indicated that yttrium doping could effectively reduce the crystalline size,inhibit the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation and surppress the recombination of the photogenerated electron-h...     

1,3,5-三甲基-1,3,5-三(3′,3′,3′-三氟丙基)环三硅氧烷的阴离子开环(共)聚合研究进展

1,3,5-三甲基-1,3,5-三(3′,3′,3′-三氟丙基)环三硅氧烷(F3)的阴离子开环聚合可以合成优越耐油耐溶剂性能的聚甲基三氟丙基硅氧烷(PMTFPS),但在开环聚合过程中“反咬”与再分布副反应严重,要得到高分子量、高产率的氟硅聚合物材料,必须严格控制聚合反应条件。文中总结了本体、溶液、细乳液中F3的阴离子开环聚合影响因素、机理与动力学,以及F3与其它单体共聚合反应等方面的研究进展。     

高活性TiO2纳米晶的酸催化Sol-Gel法制备与表征

采用酸催化的溶胶-凝胶法制备出了纳米TiO2光催化剂，以甲基橙的光催化降解为探针反应，评价了其光催化活性．运用XRD、TEM、FT—IR以及PL光谱技术对纳米TiO2的微晶尺寸、晶体结构、表面组成和性能进行表征．结果表明，400℃焙烧的TiO2纳米粒子的颗粒形貌为近球形，晶粒尺寸为11．69 nm，样品分散性良好的锐钛矿型结构．在光催化降解甲基橙的实验中，400℃焙烧的TiO2纳米粒子表现出最高的光催化活性，这与表征结果一致．此外，550℃和650℃焙烧的具有锐钛矿型和金红石型混晶结构的TiO2纳米粒子，无混晶协同促进效应．     

氯化聚乙烯对氯丁橡胶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚反应的影响

研究了高氯氯化聚乙烯(HCPE)对氯丁橡胶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚及其反应产物的影响。结果表明,HCPE能加快聚合速率,提高转化率、接枝效率和接枝度。含HCPE的产物,含有较高分子量的级份,分子量分布较宽,树脂相的分布比较均匀,并具有较好的机械性能和较高的粘接强度。     

PU／P（MA—DMA）／EP三组分IPN力学性能的研究

用同步法合成聚氨酯/聚(丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸β-N,N′-2-甲基乙酯)/环氧树脂三组分互穿聚合物网络,对IPN组成、结构与性能的关系进行了讨论。结果表明,改变组成比可以得到相容性不同的IPN。本文认为组成比对IPN性能的影响较连续相为大,加入接枝剂可以有效地改变IPN的相容性。力学性能与组成网络的结构及缠结方式有关,组成比相同时,全IPN具有较大的应力值。加入填料,体系中发生“准交联”作用,使阻尼值增高,转变温度区域加宽。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯/甲基丙烯酸丁酯/苯乙烯超浓乳液聚合及动力学研究

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十六醇(HD)为复合乳化体系,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)／甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)／苯乙烯(St)为混合单体,在40℃～45℃引发聚合,制备了分散相占85％以上的稳定超浓乳液．探讨了引发剂种类、浓度,复合乳化剂配比、浓度,聚合温度等因素对乳液稳定性和聚合速率的影响。建立了该聚合反应的动力学方程。     

阴离子本体开环聚合反应挤出合成聚三氟丙基甲基硅氧烷

以同向紧啮合双螺杆挤出机为反应器,硅醇钠/乙酸乙酯(EA)为引发体系,通过三氟丙基甲基环三硅氧烷(F3)阴离子本体开环聚合,制备了聚三氟丙基甲基硅氧烷(PMTFPS)。采用红外光谱(FT-IR),核磁共振(1H-NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)确认了聚合物的结构与分子量,用电离飞行时间质谱分析了副产物的组成。研究表明,提高反应温度和EA用量可使反应平衡点提前到达。而螺杆转速对反应的主要影响在于改变聚合反应时间。因此,控制适当反应条件,使反应在平衡点到来时间之前终止,可得到高分子量以及高收率的PMTFPS。所得产物的数均分子量为2.41×105,分子量分散指数为1.12,产率为90.5%。     

ILB®, a Low Molecular Weight Dextran Sulphate,Restores Glutamate Homeostasis,Amino Acid Metabolism and Neurocognitive Functions in a Rat Model of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

In a previous study, we found that administration of ILB^®, a new low molecular weight dextran sulphate, significantly improved mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism, as well as decreased oxidative/nitrosative stress, of brain tissue of rats exposed to severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), induced by the closed-head weight-drop model of diffused TBI. Using aliquots of deproteinized brain tissue of the same animals of this former study, we here determined the concentrations of 24 amino acids of control rats, untreated sTBI rats (sacrificed at 2 and 7 days post-injury) and sTBI rats receiving a subcutaneous ILB^® administration (at the dose levels of 1, 5 and 15 mg/kg b.w.) 30 min post-impact (sacrificed at 2 and 7 days post-injury). Additionally, in a different set of experiments, new groups of control rats, untreated sTBI rats and ILB^®-treated rats (administered 30 min after sTBI at the dose levels of 1 or 5 mg/kg b.w.) were studied for their neurocognitive functions (anxiety, locomotor capacities, short- and long-term memory) at 7 days after the induction of sTBI. Compared to untreated sTBI animals, ILB^® significantly decreased whole brain glutamate (normalizing the glutamate/glutamine ratio), glycine, serine and γ-aminobutyric acid. Furthermore, ILB^® administration restored arginine metabolism (preventing nitrosative stress), levels of amino acids involved in methylation reactions (methionine, L-cystathionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine), and N-acetylaspartate homeostasis. The macroscopic evidences of the beneficial effects on brain metabolism induced by ILB^® were the relevant improvement in neurocognitive functions of the group of animals treated with ILB^® 5 mg/kg b.w., compared to the marked cognitive decline measured in untreated sTBI animals. These results demonstrate that ILB^® administration 30 min after sTBI prevents glutamate excitotoxicity and normalizes levels of amino acids involved in crucial brain metabolic functions. The ameliorations of amino acid metabolism, mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism in ILB^®-treated rats exposed to sTBI produced significant improvement in neurocognitive functions, reinforcing the concept that ILB^® is a new effective therapeutic tool for the treatment of sTBI, worth being tested in the clinical setting.