A generalized equation for surface tension from the triple point to the critical point

A three-parameter generalized equation is proposed for surface tension from the triple point to the critical point. This equation not only fits the data well but also is good for interpolation between the normal boiling point and the critical point. This equation is also good for extrapolation to the triple point. This equation has been tested using the surface tension of water from the triple point to the critical point. The constants of this equation obtained using orthobaric surface tensions are given for a number of compounds. The isobaric surface tensions determined at a pressure of 1 atm do not differ significantly from the orthobaric surface tensions. Such data also have been used in obtaining equations from the triple to the critical point.Nomenclature T _c Critical temperature, K - T _t Triple point, K - T _m Melting point, K - T _r Reduced temperature, K - X (T _c-T)/T _c - Surface tension, dyne · cm^–1;10^–3N · m^–1 - _m Surface tension at the melting point - _f Surface tension at T _r=0.9 - _t Surface tension at the triple point - Relative deviation 100[ _obsd– _calcd]/ _obsd - Standard deviation [( _obsd– _calcd)²/(No. points—No. parameters)]^0.5     

政府与大学关系的历史考察及启示

正确把握政府和大学的关系一方面有助于我们正确理解政府的高等教育政策，另一方面也有助于大学办学自主权的真正落实以及现代大学制度的逐渐形成，这对于我国高等教育发展而言无疑是具有现实意义的课题之一。本文在已有研究的基础上，转换研究视角，以政府与大学之间存在的利益关系为研究线索，发现并提出自大学产生以来政府与大学之间的四种关系形态：无共同利益期、国家利益主导期、大学利益主导期以及利益共生期。文中最后还对如何认识和理解当今我国政府与大学关系进行了讨论。     

论大学生社会责任感的培养

社会责任感的重要性在当今社会里凸显出来。可是，在多种因素的作用下，部分大学生的社会责任感却趋于淡化，这使大学生难以担负起历史的重任。对于部分大学生重才而轻德的现象，高等教育应该承担一定社会责任，这种社会责任就在于强化大学生的社会责任感。     

论新型高层次人才及其培养

高层次人才在当今社会有其特定的内涵、特殊的作用，现代科技和社会对高层次人才有着新的需求及要求。科技兴国、人才强国战略的实施离不开新型高层次人才。新型高层次人才的培养及其作用的充分发挥，主要依靠符合时代发展要求、注重复合型知识结构和精品倍出的现代高水平高等教育。为此，教育理念、人才培养观、培养模式、培养重心应实现相应转变。     

高等教育服务承诺与政府规制改革

高等教育服务是一个具有时代特征的历史现象 ,在当前显露出全球化背景下经济行为与文化行为互动性特征 ,站在综合国力提升和国际竞争力增强的战略高度审视高等教育服务贸易的长远影响至关重要。通过政府规制改革 ,建立起本国能够负责任地采纳并被其他成员国创造性地适应的高等教育及其服务贸易发展模式是各国政府的重要责任     

关于中国加入WTO后影视高等教育体系的构想

关于中国加入WTO以后,如何适应新的形势和面对新的竞争,从而构建新的影视高等教育体系?本文从以下三个方面进行了论述:21世纪是彩色读图时代,影视知识技术是人才所必备的三大基本知识技术之一;中国的影视教育必须构建学历教育、职业技能教育和成人继续教育相结合的国民教育体系以及四合一的教育教学模式和产学研相结合的人才培养体制及其运行机制。     

Tasting green leaf volatiles by larvae and adults of Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Larvae and adults of the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), are shown to have galeal gustatory cells that are highly sensitive to distillate of potato leaf extracts, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-hexenal, and other saturated and unsaturated six-carbon alcohols. In larvae and adults, the sensory response patterns elicited by leaf homogenate, leaf distillate and a mixture of these two extracts differ in subtle ways. Beetle larvae feed most readily on Millipore disks treated with leaf homogenate and the mixture, but they did not feed on disks treated with leaf distillate. The differences in behavioral response and sensory input are used to derive a potential gustatory code that may stimulate different levels of feeding. This code may be disrupted by compounds present in nonhost leaves, thus leading to reduced feeding. Possible interactions of sapid leaf volatiles, amino acids, sugars, and potentially deterrent plant compounds are discussed.     

Effects of physical refining on contents of waxes and fatty alcohols of refined olive oil

Changes in the contents of waxes and fatty alcohols during deodorization/physical refining of bleached olive oil were studied. Experiments were carried out with 1.85% acidity oil, which was physically refined in a discontinuous deodorizer of 250-kg maximum capacity using nitrogen as stripping gas instead of steam. The variables studied were load and temperature of oil in the deodorizer as well as N₂ flow. Analyses of waxes and alcohols were carried out at different operation times. The maximum content of wax was always observed when the oil reached the deodorization temperature. The variation in the wax content depended on temperature and N₂ flow. Wax decomposition started and continued during the operating time, and a progressive decrease, which was pronounced between 3 and 4 h, was observed. Small changes in waxes were observed between 4 and 5 h. Total content of fatty alcohols diminished throughout the operating time, and changes did not depend on the variables studied.     

Acid-base reactions on model MgO surfaces

Three MgO surfaces of different structures have been employed as models for study of the acid-base properties of MgO. Surface spectroscopies including XPS, UPS, and ISS were used to determine the nature and the absolute coverage of surface intermediates, and the nature of bonding sites upon adsorption of Brønsted acid molecules on these surfaces. Different behavior patterns of the Brønsted acid molecules with varying strengths on the three model surfaces provide insights into the site requirements for dissociation of Brønsted acids on MgO. The base-catalyzed Cannizzaro reaction of formaldehyde was observed on these model surfaces under UHV conditions.     

高职学生综合素质测评的灰色系统建模研究

给出了学生综合素质测评的灰色系统模型,并通过实例应用,表明这种方法简单易行,在高职学生的综合素质测评中能较为科学、准确地得出结果,对高职学生素质总体评价的研究进行了探索。