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91.
92.
Ronny Purwadi Tomas Brandberg Mohammad J. Taherzadeh 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(9):920-932
The cultivation of toxic lignocellulosic hydrolyzates has become a challenging research topic in recent decades. Although several cultivation methods have been proposed, numerous questions have arisen regarding their industrial applications. The current work deals with a solution to this problem which has a good potential application on an industrial scale. A toxic dilute-acid hydrolyzate was continuously cultivated using a high-cell-density flocculating yeast in a single and serial bioreactor which was equipped with a settler to recycle the cells back to the bioreactors. No prior detoxification was necessary to cultivate the hydrolyzates, as the flocks were able to detoxify it in situ. The experiments were successfully carried out at dilution rates up to 0.52 h−1. The cell concentration inside the bioreactors was between 23 and 35 g-DW/L, while the concentration in the effluent of the settlers was 0.32 ± 0.05 g-DW/L. An ethanol yield of 0.42–0.46 g/g-consumed sugar was achieved, and the residual sugar concentration was less than 6% of the initial fermentable sugar (glucose, galactose and mannose) of 35.2 g/L. 相似文献
93.
影响固态发酵速率的因素及其动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
戚以政 《化学反应工程与工艺》1995,11(1):18-24
论述了固态发酵过程中基质的形态特性、基质含水量、通气速率与气体组成、发酵温度诸因素对发酵速率的影响;探讨了固态发酵过程动力学模型及其特征。 相似文献
94.
测定了兰州大气压下溶有不同浓度氯化钙的乙醇-苯体系的汽液平衡数据,以Furter拟二元体系模型处理溶盐三元体系,用Van Laar方程对数据进行了关联,得到较好的结果。 相似文献
95.
Ethanol vapor deactivation of gossypol in cottonseed meal 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R. J. Hron Sr. P. J. Wan M. S. Kuk 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(10):1337-1339
Most cottonseed cultivars contain gossypol, a polyphenolic antinutritional compound. “Free” gossypol is a physiologically
active form of gossypol, which is toxic to young- and nonruminant animals. To utilize solvent-extracted cottonseed meal as
a general feed, gossypol must be either removed or deactivated to a minimum level specified for each class of animal. Normally,
deactivation is carried out prior to oil extraction; however, the desired level of deactivation is not always attained. A
new supplemental method of deactivation has been found by using either ethanol or isopropanol vapors on solventextracted meal.
In a bench-top set-up, ethanol vapor reduced free gossypol from 0.115 to 0.053%, and a further reduction to 0.026% has been
observed with the addition of ferrous sulfate. The supplemental deactivation method can, in most cases, reduce free gossypol
to significantly safer levels for feeding, thus increasing utility, and possibly demand, for cottonseed meal as a general
animal feed protein source.
Presented in part at the AOCS Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, May 8–12, 1994. 相似文献
96.
Xylose fermentation by Pichia stipitis was examined using a two-stage batch process. The cells were first grown aerobically on D-xylose (5 g/L), whereafter additional xylose (10 g/L) was added and fermented during anaerobic conditions (T=30°C). The optimum pH value for a fermentation with constant pH was found to be 4.5 (maximum specific ethanol production rate 0.21 g/(g h). Forced square wave cycling of the pH between 4 and 5, and 3.5 and 5.5 (cycle time 30 min) during the fermentation stage resulted in a fermentation rate lower than the maximum rate, but with unchanged ethanol yields. 相似文献
97.
以生物发酵生产过程中连续消毒工段自动控制系统的实现与方法为对象,并接合实例对自动控制与相关过程进行探讨,目的是提高对生物发酵生产过程中连续消毒自动控制系统的了解与认识,进一步完善自动控制系统的功能,推动生物发酵连续消毒自动控制系统的应用。 相似文献
98.
J.L. Rodríguez E. Pastor C.F. Zinola V.M. Schmidt 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2006,36(11):1271-1279
The influence of hydrogen peroxide on the adsorption and oxidation of carbon monoxide, methanol and ethanol adlayers on porous Pt electrodes were studied in 2 M sulphuric acid solution by means of cyclic voltammetry and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). The oxidation of adsorbed species is observed at electrode potentials far less negative than those required for electrochemical adsorbate oxidation. The oxidation by H2O2 is dependent on its concentration in solution, as well as on the adsorbates and their coverages. In all cases the isolated adlayers are oxidised by dissolved H2O2. However, the presence of H2O2 during adsorption partially inhibits adlayer formation from CH3OH and C2H5OH, but avoids almost completely the adsorption of carbon monoxide. The removal of the residues from the surface by dissolved hydrogen peroxide probably occurs through Oad species formed during the heterogeneous decomposition reaction of H2O2 on Pt. 相似文献
99.
利用有机垃圾产氢的研究逐渐兴起,人们利用有机垃圾产氢既可以最大程度地使有机垃圾资源化,减少环境的污染,又可以通过无污染氢气的获得改善能源市场,缓解能源的压力。分析了国内外厌氧发酵产氢的技术现状;以厌氧发酵产氢的原理和机理入手,讨论微生物、发酵过程、过程参数等对产氢效率和速率的影响;最后还对厌氧发酵产氢的可行性进行研究。 相似文献
100.
Gao Sujun Zhang Daijia Sun Yaqin Xiu Zhilong 《Frontiers of Chemical Engineering in China》2007,1(2):202-207
The separation of 1,3-propanediol from the glycerol-based fermentation broth of Klebsiella pneumoniae plays an important role during the microbial production of 1,3-propanediol. In this paper, the separation of 1,3-propanediol
from fermentative broth by a combination of ultrafiltration and alcohol dilution crystallization was investigated. The broth
was first filtered by ultrafiltration, and 99% of cells, 89.4% of proteins and 69% of nucleic acids were removed. The obtained
broth was further condensed by vacuum distillation, and then alcohol was added. The macromolecular impurities, such as nucleic
acids, polysaccharides and proteins, were precipitated, and inorganic and organic salts were crystallized. The optimal volume
ratio of alcohol added to the condensed fermentation broth was determined to be 2:1. As a result, proteins, nucleic acids
and electric conductivity decreased by 97.4%, 89.7% and 95.8%, respectively, compared with the fermentative broth. The influences
of pH and water content in condensed broth on alcohol precipitation and dilution crystallization were also investigated. The
experimental results indicated that alcohol precipitation and dilution crystallization was feasible and effective for the
separation of 1,3-propanediol from actual fermentation broth.
Translated from The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2006, 6(3): 454–457 [译自: 过程工程学报] 相似文献