新型防静电聚氯乙烯塑料地板贴面材料的研制

叙述了新型防静电聚氯乙烯塑料地板贴面材料的研制工艺、防静电结构的设计、防静电性能，讨论了其增塑体系与稳定体系，试验表明，该材料具有优良的防静电性能。     

表面原位化学组合改性Al（OH）3／PVC复合材料的制备与性能

基于Al(OH)_3粉体与PVC基体的界面设计和调控,采用表面原位化学组合改性方法,在Al(OH)_3表面依次化学键合烷基酚醛树脂、丁腈橡胶等几种大分子改性剂,形成极性逐渐过渡的梯度界面层。当改性Al(OH)_3在PVC复合材料中的用量为80份时,材料的缺口冲击强度达到最大值,分别为添加等量偶联剂改性Al(OH)_3、未改性Al (OH)_3复合材料的2．5和2．7倍,是基体树脂的1．5倍,获得了具有高阻燃消烟性能,同时改善了力学和加工性能的综合性能良好的高填充复合材料。通过扫描电镜分析表明,Al(OH)_3粒子经过表面原位化学组合方法处理,在PVC中分散均匀,与塑料基体结合良好,并形成了以Al(OH)_3粒子为核、以多层大分子改性剂为壳的软壳硬核结构。     

防止氟化铝母液脱硅工艺中铝、氟消耗方法研究

在氟化铝母液中添加氯化铝等可溶性铝盐,可有效地阻止钠,氟,铝间冰晶石固体物质的形成,从而达到防止氟化铝脱硅工艺中铝,氟的损耗,确保氟硅酸钠的产品质量,同时提高母液利用的经济效益。     

Effects of compatibilizer type and rubber‐wood sawdust content on the mechanical,morphological, and thermal properties of PVC/LDPE blend

This article aimed to investigate the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of PVC/LDPE blend with and without the addition of compatibilizers. The effects of LDPE content, compatibilizer type and rubber‐wood sawdust loading on the properties of the blend were evaluated. The experimental results suggested that as the LDPE content was increased the mechanical properties of PVC‐LDPE blend progressively decreased due to poor interfacial adhesion. The continuity and compatibility between PVC and LDPE phases could be improved through three different types of compatibilizers which included chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) poly(methyl‐methacrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate) (PA20) and poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylate) (Elvaloy). The PA20 was found to be the most suitable compatibilizer for the blend. A radical transfer reaction was proposed in this work to explain the structure and thermal changes of the PVC in PVC‐LDPE blend. The decomposition temperature of PVC in the blend decreased with the loading of the PA20 and the wood sawdust. As the sawdust content was increased the tensile and flexural moduli increased with considerable decreased in the tensile, flexural and impact strength, a slight improvement being achieved if the PA20 was incorporated in the composite. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 598–606, 2006     

N-十六烷基乙二胺二乙酸钠的合成及性能研究

采用大量无水乙二胺与1－Br－十六烷反应合成N－十六烷基乙二胺，然后与过量氯乙酸作用制备N－十六烷基乙二胺二乙酸，用NaOH中和，即得N－十六烷基乙二胺二乙酸钠。该产物在硬水中的差示稳定性为333，优于LAS。在相同测试条件下，产物的去污力高于LAS，发泡力明显低于LAS。     

Light-sensitive elastomers modified by 4-(N-dimethylmaleimido)-benzenesulphenyl chloride

New light-sensitive polymers were prepared by modification of four different elastomers with 4-(N-dimethylmaleimido)-benzenesulphenyl chloride (DMI-BSCI). Polydienes modified by DMI-BSCI form block copolymers. These polymers show a strong increase of the glass transition temperature T_g whereby the T_g increase of modified poly(octenamer) is much smaller. Higher modified polydienes have two T_g. Modified poly(octenamers) show a melting temperature dependence T_m on the content of trans double bonds which is characteristic of statistical copolymers. The ratio of rate constants with which trans- and cis-structures in poly(octenamer) are occupied by DMI-BSCI, is

$\text{k}{}_{\mathrm{trans}}\text{k}{}_{\mathrm{cis}}\text{= 0.34}$

     

Synthesis and properties of poly(aryl ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) (PESEKK)

4,4′‐bis(Phenoxy)diphenyl sulfone (DPODPS) was synthesized by reaction of phenol with bis(4‐chlorophenyl) sulfone in tetramethylene sulfone in the presence of NaOH. Two poly(aryl ether sulfone ether ketone ketone)s (PESKKs) with high molecular weight were prepared by low temperature solution polycondensation of DPODPS and terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) or isophthaloyl chloride (IPC), respectively, in 1,2‐dichloroethane and in the presence of aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) and N‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The resulting polymers were characterized by various analytical techniques, such as FT‐IR, ¹H‐NMR, DSC, TG, and WAXD. The results show that the T_g and T_d of PESEKKs are much higher, but its T_m is lower than those of PEKK. The other results indicate that PESEKKs exhibit excellent thermostabilities at 300 ± 10°C. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 489–493, 2005     

Average mixing torque,tensile and impact properties,and thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride)/sawdust composites with different silane coupling agents

Unique explanations are given to describe changes in the mixing torque and tensile and impact properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/wood sawdust composites affected by various types and concentrations of silane coupling agents. Concentrations of 0.5–1.0 and 1.5 wt % coupling agent are recommended for the optimization of the tensile and impact properties of the composites, respectively. Changes in the tensile and impact properties of the composites with a low sawdust content were more sensitive to the addition of silane coupling agents than those with a high sawdust content. KBM603 was suitable for improving the tensile properties, whereas KBE603 is recommended for high impact resistance of the composites. The differences in the mechanical and thermal properties of the PVC/sawdust composites were dependent on the characteristics of the functional groups in the silane coupling agents used, such as hydrophilic level, number of functional groups, self‐condensation reaction, and effectiveness of the hydrolysis reaction. Silane coupling agents above 1.0 wt % resulted in an increase in polyene sequences in the PVC structure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 213–221, 2005     

混凝土内钢绞线的蚀坑形状及分布特征

为研究预应力钢筋的锈蚀特性,在自然气候条件下,采用内掺盐的方式,进行了混凝土内钢绞线的锈蚀实验．实验结果表明：钢绞线的蚀坑形状可抽象为2种典型形状,即椭球形和马鞍形;随着锈蚀率增大,蚀坑总个数增大,椭球形蚀坑出现的概率呈先增后减趋势;马鞍形蚀坑出现概率呈先减后增趋势,但变化幅度都不大;蚀坑的长度、宽度、深度都较好地呈对数正态分布．     

四氯化锡掺杂聚苯胺催化合成柠檬醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以柠檬醛、1,2-丙二醇为原料,四氯化锡掺杂聚苯胺（PAn-SnCl4）为催化剂催化合成柠檬醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛。研究了醛醇物质的量比、催化剂质量、反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响。结果表明,在n（柠檬醛）/n（1,2-丙二醇）=1∶3,催化剂质量为反应物料总质量的2.0%,带水剂环己烷质量为反应物总质量的40%,反应时间2.0h的最佳反应条件下,柠檬醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达94.65%。催化剂重复使用5次,产品收率仍达88.39%。