Surface Growth of Boron Nitride Nanotubes through Boron Source Design

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are promising materials due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Fabrication technologies based on gas-phase reactions reduce the control and collection efficiency of BNNTs due to reactant and product dispersion within the reaction vessel. A surface growth method that allows for controllable growth of BNNTs in certain regions using a preburied boron source is introduced. This work leverages the high solubility of boron in metals to create a boronized layer on the surface which serves as the boron source to confine the growth of BNNTs. Dense and uniform BNNTs are obtained after loading catalysts onto the boronized substrate and annealing under ammonia. Confirmatory experiments demonstrate that the boride layer provides boron for BNNTs growth. Furthermore, the patterned growth of BNNTs is realized by patterning the boronizing region, demonstrating the controllability of this method. In addition, the Ni substrate with BNNTs growth exhibits better performance in corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity than pure Ni. This study introduces an alternative strategy for the surface growth of BNNTs based on boron source design, which offers new possibilities for the controllable preparation of BNNTs for various applications.     

Tailoring N‐Terminated Defective Edges of Porous Boron Nitride for Enhanced Aerobic Catalysis

Tailoring terminated edge of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) for enhancing catalysis has turned to be an imperative for the rational design of a highly active aerobic catalyst. Herein, a tailoring N‐terminated porous BN (P‐BN) strategy is reported with a zinc (Zn) salt as a dual‐functional template. The Zn salt acts as both an in situ template and an N‐terminated defective edges directing agent. The zinc salt template turns to Zn nanoparticles (Zn NPs) and functions as physical spacers, which are subsequently removed at a higher temperature, for producing P‐BN, whose high surface area is high to 1579 m² g^?1. Moreover, because of the lower electronegativity of Zn, boron (B) atoms are partly replaced by Zn atoms and ultimately preferred to N‐terminated edges with the volatilization of Zn NPs. Owing to the moderate dissociative energy of oxygen atoms on N‐terminated edges, the N‐terminated edges are proved to be the origin of an enhanced aerobic catalytic activity by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Moreover, the DFT calculation result is experimentally verified.     

硼掺杂球磨SiGe合金的热电性能

SiGe合金热电材料作为一种传统的高温热电材料一直以来受到广泛关注。本研究通过B在球磨SiGe合金中的P型掺杂,有效增加了材料的载流子浓度,优化材料的电学性能。通过球磨降低材料的晶粒尺寸,增强晶界对声子的散射,降低材料的晶格热导率。另外,B掺杂使点缺陷散射和载流子-声子散射得到增强,材料的晶格热导率进一步降低。在室温时,Si_(0.8)Ge_(0.2)B_(0.04)的晶格热导率为~4Wm~(-1) K~(-1)。由于掺杂后电导率提高,热导率降低,因此热电优值zT得到了提高。在850K时,Si_(0.8)Ge_(0.2)B_(0.04)的最大热电优值为0.42,与Si_(0.8)Ge_(0.2)B_(0.002)的样品相比,其优值提高了2.5倍左右。     

化学气相沉积法制备氮化硼纳米管的研究进展:反应装置、气源材料、催化剂

氮化硼纳米管(BNNTs)具有优良的耐高温、抗氧化、防辐射、绝缘和导热性能,因此,在航空航天、辐射屏蔽、热界面材料以及深紫外发射等领域具有潜在的应用前景。然而,高品质BNNTs的可控制备和批量生产仍然是学术和工业界的重大挑战。在BNNTs的众多制备方法中,化学气相沉积法(CVD)是最有潜力实现其可控制备的方法之一。但是,科学家们对于CVD法制备BNNTs的催化机理和影响因素尚未形成共识。鉴于此,文章从反应装置、氮源、硼源和催化剂4个方面对CVD法制备BNNTs进行了综述,并系统总结了相应的规律。在此基础上,分析了目前BNNTs可控制备中存在的问题,并对CVD法在BNNTs可控制备中的作用进行了展望,以期对今后BNNTs的制备起到借鉴作用。     

Investigation on the cutting quality characteristics of abrasive water jet machining of AA6061-B4C-hBN hybrid metal matrix composites

Aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) explicitly show better physical and mechanical properties as compared to aluminum alloys and results in a more preferred material for a wide range of applications. The addition of reinforcements embargo AMMCs employment to industry requirements by increasing order of machining complexity. However, it can be machined with a high order of surface integrity by nonconventional approaches like abrasive water jet machining. Hybrid aluminum alloy composites were reinforced by B₄C (5–15?vol%) and solid lubricant hBN (15?vol%) particles and fabricated using a liquid metallurgy route. This research article deals with the experimental investigation on the effect of process parameters such as mesh size, abrasive flow rate, water pressure and work traverse speed of abrasive water jet machining on hybrid AA6061-B₄C-hBN composites. Water jet pressure and traverse speed have been proved to be the most significant parameters which influenced the responses like kerf taper angle and surface roughness. Increase in reinforcement particles affects both the kerf taper angle and surface roughness. SEM images of the machined surface show that cutting wear mechanism was largely operating in material removal.     

Recent Advances on 3D Printing Technique for Thermal‐Related Applications

Advances in ink formulation and printing techniques make producing material systems with new and versatile characteristics and functionalities possible. Additive manufacturing or 3D printing enables fabricating complex structures at a faster production rate using different types of materials for various applications. Recently, 3D printing methods are being studied for thermal‐related applications. In this paper, the authors review recent progress of materials and printing techniques for thermal application devices using composite materials.

     

CFD方法在压水堆安全分析中的应用现状和发展趋势

为更好地利用CFD方法解决压水堆安全分析问题,简要介绍CFD方法,着重阐述其在硼稀释、混合和热分层以及受压热冲击等压水堆安全分析问题的应用现状,并提出CFD与系统程序的耦合计算、流固耦合计算和CFD与中子动力学程序的耦合计算将是CFD方法在该领域的发展重点.     

我国内陆核电发展过程中水资源安全相关问题

核电作为一种清洁能源,在我国的能源结构调整和节能减排中起着举足轻重的作用,但其潜在的放射性污染会对水资源安全构成一定的威胁。由于自然环境和社会因素的巨大差异,内陆核电的水资源安全问题更加凸显。在简要介绍了核电站运行原理及安全设计后,阐述了国外内陆核电的状况。从放射性液态流出物污染、冷却水污染和硼污染三方面分析了内陆核电站运行对水资源安全的影响以及我国的控制措施。从水资源管理思路、水资源论证深度、水资源应急响应机制三个方面论述了我国内陆核电水资源管理中亟待加强的方面。     

Precipitation and control of BN inclusions in 42CrMo steel and their effect on machinability

The precipitation and control of boron nitrogen （BN） inclusions in 42CrMo steel were investigated and their effect on machinability was analyzed. First, the precipitation regularity of BN in 42CrMo steel was studied by theoretical calculation. Then, the machinability of the steel was investigated through contrast cutting experiments, and the composition and cooling rate of the steel were controlled to analyze the variation laws of the size, distribution, and area ratio of BN inclusions. Finally, the results were combined with the machinability of the steel to analyze the relationship among them. It is found that the machinability of the steel is mainly influenced by the diameter and quantity of BN inclusions. Fine and dispersedly distributed BN inclusions are more beneficial for the improvement in machinability of 42CrMo steel than coarse and sparse BN inclusions.