Physical and mechanical properties of sandstone containing a single fissure after exposure to high temperatures

In order to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of sandstone containing fissures after exposure to high temperatures,fissures with different angles α were prefabricated in the plate sandstone samples,and the processed samples were then heated at 5 different temperatures.Indoor uniaxial compression was conducted to analyze the change rules of physical properties of sandstone after exposure to high temperature,and the deformation,strength and failure characteristics of sandstone containing fissures.The results show that,with increasing temperature,the volume of sandstone increases gradually while the quality and density decrease gradually,and the color of sandstone remains basically unchanged while the brightness increases markedly when the temperature is higher than 585 ℃;the peak strength of sandstone containing fissures first decreases then increases when the temperature is between 25℃and 400℃.The peak strain of sandstone containing fissures increases gradually while the average modulus decreases gradually with increasing temperature,and the mechanical properties of sandstone show obvious deterioration after 400 ℃.The peak strain of sandstone containing fissures increases gradually while the average modulus decreases gradually with increasing temperature;with increasing angle αof the fissure,the evolution characteristics of the macro-mechanical parameters of sandstone are closely related to the their own mechanical properties.When the temperature is 800 ℃,the correlation between the peak strength and average modulus of sandstone and the angle α of the fissure is obviously weakened.The failure modes of sandstone containing fissures after high temperature exposure are of three different kinds including:tensile crack failure,tensile and shear cracks mixed failure,and shear crack failure.Tensile and shear crack mixed failure occur mainly at low temperatures and small angles;tensile crack failure occurs at high temperatures and large angles.     

改进多种群差分进化算法的混沌系统参数估计

针对混沌系统参数估计的多峰寻优问题,提出一种改进的多种群差分进化算法。改进差分进化算法的变异操作,使其前期更适合全局性搜索,利用α核心集对当前种群进行聚类,分别对聚类后的子群选用贪婪的差分变异算子完成深度搜索,比较所选取各子群的最优值,得到全局最优值作为是否结束搜索的判断依据,并将其应用到混沌系统参数估计中。实验结果表明,该算法对于多峰值、大空间的全局性参数估计在收敛速度、精度上优于混合量子进化算法、改进粒子群优化算法以及DE/best/2算法。     

朴素差分进化算法

针对变异算子学习方式的单一性,提出一种朴素变异算子,其基本思想是向优秀的个体靠近,同时远离较差个体,其实现方式是设计一种缩放因子调整策略,如果三个随机个体在某维上比较接近,则缩放因子变小,反之变大.在实验过程中通过平均适应度评价次数、成功运行次数和加速比等指标表明,基于朴素变异算子的差分进化算法能有效提高算法的收敛速度和健壮性.     

加速增长的HK网络演化模型

近年来,随着复杂网络演化模型的深入研究,研究的焦点已从全局结构转移到了局部结构,其中,网络的集团度及其分布受到了广泛关注.实证研究表明,大量真实网络具有幂律的低阶集团度分布,而且分布指数随集团阶数的上升呈下降趋势.这一普适规律无法由Holme和Kim(HK)模型的熟人推荐机制再现.在HK模型中考虑网络演化的加速增长这一重要因素,提出一种改进的HK模型.数值模拟显示,改进的HK模型生成网络的簇系数较大,平均最短路径较小,不仅具有小世界效应和无标度特性,而且再现了真实网络的低阶幂律集团度分布特性.此研究有利于更好地认识真实网络中的各阶基元.     

基于蛋白质进化配对的残基间距离约束挖掘方法

蛋白质的进化配对是指在进化过程中残基对之间形成的相对稳定的相互作用。基于已被发现的进化配对,采用机器学习的分类技术,将其转换成残基对之间的距离约束,从而将一种定性的残基对之间的相互作用挖掘为定量的距离约束,这为蛋白质的结构预测提供了新的指导。     

分形变异因子修正的差分进化算法?

为提高差分进化算法的求解精度,其变异策略应适应目标函数整体变化趋势和随机变化部分。文中提出利用不同的Hurst指数的分形布朗运动改进差分进化算法变异策略,进而构建分形变异因子修正的差分进化算法。针对该算法应用CEC2005进化计算国际会议提出的25个标准测试函数进行测试,至少有10个测试函数的计算结果优于其他差分进化算法,其余测试结果大部分相近,因此文中算法能提高优化问题的求解精度和适应性。     

基于CMA—ES算法的支持向量机模型选择

研究模型选择对支持向量机(SVM)的泛化性能有着重要影响。针对传统梯度算法对初始值敏感及网格搜索法计算复杂的缺点,为了提高全面优化能力和分类精度,提出了一种基于协方差矩阵自适应进化策略(CMA-ES)的支持向量机(SVM)模型优化算法,通过对SVM泛化性能界(Bounds on Generalization Performance)的优化求解,实现了基于CMA-ES算法的SVM模型选择。在标准数据集上的实验结果表明:相比遗传算法和梯度算法,上述方法能够在较小计算代价下得到更优的超参数,提高支持向量机的预测精度稳定性,尤其适合大样本数据条件下的模型选择。     

Assimilation of SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI data into a sahelian vegetation dynamics model

This paper presents a method to monitor the dynamics of herbaceous vegetation in the Sahel. The approach is based on the assimilation of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data acquired by the VEGETATION instrument on board SPOT 4/5 into a simple sahelian vegetation dynamics model. The study region is located in the Gourma region of Mali. The vegetation dynamics model is coupled with a radiative transfer model (the SAIL model). First, it is checked that the coupled models allow for a realistic simulation of the seasonal and interannual variability of NDVI over three sampling sites from 1999 to 2004. The data assimilation scheme relies on a parameter identification technique based on an Evolution Strategies algorithm. The simulated above-ground herbage mass resulting from NDVI assimilation is then compared to ground measurements performed over 13 study sites during the period 1999-2004. The assimilation scheme performs well with 404 kg DM/ha of average error (n = 126 points) and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.80 (to be compared to the 463 kg DM/ha and r = 0.60 of the model performance without data assimilation). Finally, the sensitivity of the herbage mass model estimates to the quality of the meteorological forcing (rainfall and net radiation) is analyzed thanks to a stochastic approach.     

Evolving BlenX programs to simulate the evolution of biological networks

We present a formal approach to study the evolution of biological networks. We use the Beta Workbench and its BlenX language to model and simulate networks in connection with evolutionary algorithms. Mutations are done on the structure of BlenX programs and networks are selected at any generation by using a fitness function. The feasibility of the approach is illustrated with a simple example.