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51.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2003,35(8):667-672
The individual and combined adsorption behavior of polyamides and two different silanes to multicomponent glass surfaces was probed with a combination of x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and static contact angle measurements. Samples were analyzed with and without solvent rinsing to separate the weakly bound (physisorbed) and more strongly bound (chemisorbed) species. High‐resolution XPS on N 1s revealed that the polyamides adsorb to the glass surfaces via protonated amine species at the acidic (OH) sites on the glass surface. Angle‐resolved XPS confirmed this by showing that the alkyl portion of the polymer is oriented away from the glass interface. In competitive coadsorption studies it was found that amino‐terminated silanes preferentially adsorb to the glass surface, relegating the polyamide to a physisorbed outer layer. When mercaptoterminated silanes were competitively coadsorbed the polyamide was preferentially adsorbed even when present at a concentration twenty times less than that of the silane. Altogether, this work reveals the strong interaction between surface silanols and amino‐functionalized organics. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
52.
Haoshuang Gu Yongming Hu Hao Wang Xiangrong Yang Zhenglong Hu Ying Yuan Jin You 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2007,42(3):293-297
Single crystalline nanowires of lead titanate (PbTiO3) were fabricated by hydrothermal method at 200°C using lead acetate and n-tetrabutyl titanate as starting materials, where sodium hydroxide was served as a mineralizer. Crystalline phases, microstructure
and optical properties of PbTiO3 nanowires were investigated. The PbTiO3 nanowires were uniform and continuous along the long axis, and were composed of single crystalline PbTiO3 with a tetragonal perovskite structure. The diameter of a single nanowire was around 12 nm and the length reached up to 3 μm.
The chemical composition of the samples and the valence states of elements were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS). The ultraviolet/visible absorption spectroscopic investigation suggested that the absorption edge of optical transition
of the first excitonic state occurred at around 320 nm. A blue-green light emission peaking at about 471 nm (2.63 eV) is observed
at room temperature, and the intensity of this emission increased with increasing excitation wavelength. Oxygen vacancies
are responsible for the light emission of PbTiO3 nanowires. 相似文献
53.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2003,35(12):991-997
In x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) the Auger parameter is often used to study the electronic properties of elements, particularly in insulator materials, because this parameter is assumed to be independent of charging effects. In this paper we report on subtle differences in sample structure and experimental conditions for which the sample potential may not remain constant during the measurements for some spectrometers or experimental arrangements; for such conditions the Auger parameter is not independent of charging. We compare a series of measurements with insulating plate substrates of Al2O3 on which different amounts of SnO2 and Au were deposited. X‐ray photoelectron spectra were collected for different conditions of the sample that was placed either grounded or left floating on a metallic sample holder during measurement. It is found that the Auger parameter is independent of the experimental conditions for Au but substantial differences were found for deposited SnO2. Surprisingly, measurement artifacts due to charging appeared in the Auger parameter for Sn when the sample holder was grounded but not when it was left floating. In the grounded samples differences up to 0.6 eV in the Auger parameter for Sn were found with respect to the actual value of this parameter measured with substrates where charging effects were not significant. Because no differences in peak broadening have been observed under different measurement conditions, it has been assumed that the shift was not caused by a conventional differential charging phenomenon. Considering the different response of the substrate and the deposited layer on stabilizing the charge when the sample is grounded, we have worked out a possible explanation to account for the observed artifacts. Instrumental specifications should be optimized very carefully, especially if (as here) relatively high charging shifts point to a non‐optimum self‐biasing of the surface potential at the insulating samples. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
54.
The effects of M3O3 (M = Al, Sc etc.) in Cu-ZnO-M2O3 catalysts on methanol synthesis at low pressure were studied with ESR, XPS and TPR spectroscopy. The results of ESR showed that the generation of monovalent cationic defects was because the valence state and electronic charge on the ZnO lattice lost their balance as M3+ doped into ZnO. The induced effect by Sc3+ is stronger than that by Al3+. The results of XPS and TPR indicated that the amount and stabilization of Cu+ on the surface of reduced copper-based catalyst and its catalytic activity were affected by the monovalent cationic defects on the surface of ZnO. 相似文献
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57.
共混合聚(醚-酯)多嵌段共聚物的表面表征及其血液相容性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、表面接触角、表面ξ电位和血液相容性实验,研究了聚(醚-酯)多嵌段共聚物及其共混物的表面组成和性质与血液相容性的关系。实验结果表明,疏水性的PET-PTMO多嵌段共聚物的血液相容性很差,并且与表相中软段的富集量无关;当亲水性的PET-PEO多嵌段共聚物与疏水性的PET-PTMO多嵌段共聚物共混后,发现存在着一个最佳的共混比例,此时材料表面的血小板粘附量大大降低。对于共混物,表相△[C—O)/[C—O]和表面ξ电位可以较好地与血小板粘附量相关联。以上结果清楚地表明,材料表面的亲-疏水性平衡、软段深度层次分布及表面电位是影响血液相容性的重要因素。 相似文献
58.
Jiang Wei Dorthe Bagge Ravn Lone Gram Peter Kingshott 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2003,32(4):275-291
The surface of AISI 316 grade stainless steel (SS) was modified with a layer of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (molecular weight 5000) with the aim of preventing protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion. Model SS substrates were first modified to introduce a very high density of reactive amine groups by the adsorption of branched poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) from water. Methoxy-terminated aldehyde-poly(ethylene glycol) (M-PEG-CHO) was then grafted onto the PEI layers using reductive amination at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PEG in order to optimize the graft density of the linear PEG chains. The chemical composition and uniformity of the surfaces were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight static secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SSIMS) in the imaging mode. The effects of PEI concentration and different substrate pre-cleaning methods on the structure and stability of the final PEG layer was examined. Piranha solution proved to be the most effective method for removing adventitious hydrocarbon contamination, compared to cleaning with ultrasonication in organic solvents, and was the SS substrate that produced the most stable and thickest PEI layer. The surface density of PEI was shown to increase with increasing PEI concentration (up to 30 mg/ml), as determined from XPS measurements, and subsequently produced the PEG layer with the highest density of attached chains. In model experiments using β-lactoglobulin no protein adsorption was detected on the optimized PEG surface as determined by XPS and ToF-SSIMS analysis. However, neither the adhesion of a Gram-negative (Pseudomonas sp.) nor a Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenes) bacterium was affected by the coating as equal numbers adhered to all surfaces tested. Our results show that preventing protein adsorption is not a prerequisite stopping bacterial adhesion, and that other mechanisms most likely play a role. 相似文献
59.
This paper describes the loss and recovery in the hydrophobicity of unfilled high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV-SR) resulting from corona discharge. In this study, HTV-SR specimens were exposed to corona stress generated by a parallel needle-plane electrode system, and physicochemical analyses on the surface layer of SR before and after corona discharge treatment were carried out by using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is demonstrated that hydrophilic OH groups that are by-products of ageing can be formed instead of hydrophobic CH3 groups on the surface of aged SR and the corona discharge plays an important role on the temporary loss of hydrophobicity. After a substantial period of ‘rest’, the hydrophobic recovery of SR results from the diffusion of low-molecular weight (LMW) silicone fluid from the bulk onto the aged layer. 相似文献
60.
Patricia MerdyEmmanuel Guillon Jacques DumonceauMichel Aplincourt 《Analytica chimica acta》2002,459(1):133-142
Comparative studies using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques have been carried out on three samples of lignin: two samples of natural lignin that have been extracted using different processes, and one sample of synthetic lignin. This paper discusses the general features common to all three kinds of lignin, as well as the differences between, on one hand, the two natural lignins coming from different extraction processes, and, on the other hand, the natural lignins and the synthetic one. The advantages of each technique in explaining the structure of these three different lignins are emphasised. 相似文献