被动采样监测环境空气中SO2和NO2

用自主研制的采样管开展环境空气中SO2和NO2的被动采样监测.结果表明,被动采样监测结果与自动监测结果高度相关,经回归方程修正后,两者的结果没有显著性差异,被动采样的采样和分析产生的误差得以消除.     

Water quality induced corrosion of stainless steel valves during long-term service in a reverse osmosis system

The current study analyzes the contribution of 10 water quality parameters(including pH,turbidity,conductivity,total dissolved solids(TDS),hardness,total organic carbon(TOC),alkalinity,calcium ions,chlorides and sulfates) to corrosion extent of stainless steel valves taken from different locations in a reverse osmosis system of a reclaimed water plant.The valves were in service for 5 years.Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses are conducted to quantify corrosion produc...     

地表水中氨氮和总氮的相关性分析

为了解地表水中氨氮和总氮之间的相关关系,通过2010年濮阳市6个监测点位地表水的氨氮和总氮的监测数据,分析了氨氮和总氮之间的相关性,结果表明:地表水氨氮和总氮两个监测因子之间的相关关系为冬季最好R为0.9270,春、秋其次R分别为0.8980和0.8695,最后是夏季为0.6780。氨氮和总氮之间的比例系数波动范围较大为0.040～1.138,各不同季节的平均值为0.38。     

2016-2020年常州市温室气体浓度及相关因素分析

基于2016-2020年常州市主要温室气体的监测数据,采用长时间序列分析和相关性分析等方法,研究了二氧化碳(CO2)和甲烷(CH4)浓度的变化趋势,分析了CO2和CH4与污染物和气象要素的相关性,初步探讨了生物源和人为源的影响.结果 表明:常州市大气CO2和CH4年平均浓度分别为416.4 ppm和1635.7 ppb...     

集对分析在湖泊富营养化评价中的应用研究——区间数与三角模糊数组合的集对分析

针对湖泊富营养化评价的不确定性型多属性决策问题,提出了基于区间数与三角模糊数组合的集对分析模型,引入简单关联函数来确定指标的权重,详细介绍了湖泊富营养化评价的基本原理和关于区间数、三角模糊数转化为集对分析联系数的表示方法。通过计算联系数的模以及属性等级模与属性值模的同一度,再利用这些同一度并参照属性等级数n建立n元联系数,再建立等级与联系数的映射关系确定评价等级。应用该模型对我国9个湖泊的富营养化程度进行了评价,该方法的评价结果与实际情况相符,为湖泊富营养化的治理和保护提供了技术支持。     

Metal contamination of short-term snow cover near urban crossroads: correlation analysis of metal content and fine particles distribution

Snow samples were collected near crossroads in Novi Sad, Serbia, during December 2009 to assess metal concentrations (Ca, K, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Al, Pb and Na), fine particle distribution and pH value. The filtered samples of melted snow were analysed, with a focus on particles smaller than a few μm. The most common values of the frequency number distribution curve were either in the range of 0.05-0.07 μm or one order of magnitude higher (0.2-0.5 μm). At examined locations metal concentrations varied from 0.0004 mg L⁻¹ for Pb to 18.9 mg L⁻¹ for Na. Besides Na, which mostly originated from de-icing salt, Ca is found to be the most abundant element in snow indicating the dominant influence of natural factors on snow chemistry. No significant difference was found in concentration of the elements at locations near crossroads with either low or high traffic volume, except for Na and Zn.To investigate how metals were related a correlation analysis was done for the concentrations of metals and with respect to the particle size distribution parameters and pH values. The major influence on the fine particle volume (mass) was concluded to be due to the elements from anthropogenic sources. This conclusion was based on the significant positive correlation between Fe, Zn and Al and the fine particle volume based distribution parameters.     

物候因子干旱灾害长期预报

用植物物候现象作为气候预报因子,与长期预报对象建立相关模式,反映气候因子的综合性,具有较好的物理意义。本文主要用茶树、橡胶树的第一个物候现象为预报因子,采取统计分级相关的方法,预报秋季干旱趋势。     

重磁相关分析应用于区域构造解析

本文旨在介绍一种简单易行的重磁相关分析方法及其在解析地质构造问题时的作用,该方法在湖南华容地区的应用收到了较好的效果。     

几种母质土壤及糙米中重金属含量差异性初探

砂页岩、河流冲积物、洪积物、第四纪红土和花岗岩是桂东北地区农业土壤的主要成土母质.本文对这5种成土母质的稻田土壤及糙米中的 Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、As、Cr、Hg 8种重金属元素含量的差异性进行了检验,对这5种母质的土壤糙米重金属元素含量相关性进行了分析.结果表明,多数元素在多数母质及糙米中的含量差异不显著;除 Cu在第四纪红土—糙米、Pb 在砂页岩—糙米中的含量相关性达显著水平外,其它的母质—糙米中重金属含量相关不显著.     

Heavy metal sources identification and sampling uncertainty analysis in a field-scale vegetable soil of Hangzhou, China

At a field-scale (6.7 ha), 100 surface soil samples were collected from a vegetable field to determine total concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni and Zn. To identify possible sources of these metals and characterize their spatial variation, classic statistic and geostatistic techniques were applied. Through correlation and geostatistical analysis, it was found that the primary inputs of Co, Mn and Ni were due to pedogenic sources, whereas the sources of Hg and Cd were mainly due to human activities. Because of their different sources, their variations followed: Hg > Cd ≈ Cu > Zn ≈ Co ≈ Mn ≈ Ni. Based on their relationships with other soil properties, co-kriging was used to minimize sampling density. Sampling numbers for Cd, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co and Ni can be reduced from 100 to 90, 80, 70, 60, 60 and 60, respectively, without losing accuracy relative to ordinary kriging.