水性氯化物介质中对甲基苯烷基硫醚萃取钯的研究

p-Methylphenylalkylsulfide of various alkyl chain length as extractant were synthesized and the extraction of palladium was examined in terms of equilibrium and kinetics. Distribution ratio of Pd was independent of alkyl chain length. For aqueous chloride media, there was a significant difference in distribution ratios for the solution of NaC1 and HC1. The results of loading test and the slope analysis suggest that the extractant and Pd (Ⅱ) form 2:1 complex. Furthermore, the extraction rate based on the volume of aqueous phase was obtained in a stirred vessel, and the rate equation was presented. Unfortunately, it was difficult to construct surfactant liquid membrane system by use of the present extractant.     

基于多功能热管的高效吸附式制冰机组回质回热实验研究

设计了一种基于多功能热管的高效吸附式制冰机组,采用氯化钙/活性炭复合吸附剂和氨作为吸附工质对。吸附床的加热解吸、冷却吸附及回热过程均由热管工作完成,对该新型吸附制冰机组进行了回质回热研究,结果表明,回质回热型循环可使机组的制冷性能系数COP提高25.5 %,加热量减小约13 %,同时冷却器负荷降低约21 %;采用先回质后回热方式,在回质过程中继续加热解吸床可进一步增加机组制冰量。与传统回质相比,系统COP和单位质量吸附剂制冷功率SCP提高幅度均在15 %以上,且机组SCP的提高幅度高于COP的幅度;吸附制冰机组性能随冷却水温度的升高而下降,但系统的SCP始终维持在较高的水平。当冷却水温度为27℃、蒸发温度为-18.9℃时,系统的SCP仍然高达356.5 W·kg-1。     

环烷酸钴的制备

论述了以金属钴和环烷酸为原料合成环烷酸钴的工艺，考察了氯化钴合成工艺和处理工艺，氯化钴浓度，环烷酸酸值，碱浓度对环烷酸钴钴含量的影响，合成的氯化钴经处理达到国家标准要求，合成的氯化钴不经处理可直接用于合成环烷酸钴，产品环烷酸钴达到技术指标要求。     

聚硅酸氯化铝镁絮凝剂的制备及废水处理研究

将聚硅酸( Psi)、聚合氯化铝(PAC)和氢氧化镁浆料复合,制得了不同铝硅摩尔比和盐基度的聚硅酸氯化铝镁(PACSM)絮凝剂,并用于含油废水和造纸废水的处理,且与PAC、聚硅酸氯化铝(PACS)的处理效果进行了对比.结果表明,在n(Al)∶n(Si)为10～15时,PACSM对2种废水的浊度、色度和有机物的去处效率都较高,并且处理过后的水中残留的铝含量也较低;PACSM各方面处理效果都要好于PACS和PAC絮凝剂,而PACS絮凝剂又要好于PAC絮凝剂.     

离心机进料技术的改进

通过对离心机进料管线的改进，采用套管式进料管线，浆料泵直接进料的方式，稳定了离心机的电流，防止PVC树脂堵塞管线，达到增强离心机脱水能力的目的。     

空心微珠改性硬质聚氯乙烯复合材料的应用研究

经过改性的超细空心微珠可以作为填料加入到硬质聚氯乙烯（PVC－U）树脂中，同时改善PVC树脂的流变性、冲击性能和刚性等性能。研究结果表明，超细空心微珠加入到硬质PVC管材中，可以明显改善PVC硬管的加工流动性能，显著缩短塑化时间，降低最大扭矩。而超细空民微珠加入到硬质PVC板材时，可以提高PVC硬板的冲击性能，减小制品的收缩率，赋予PVC硬板优异的耐腐蚀性能，且产品的各项性能均符合PVC板材国家标准GB／T4454－96。     

热管蒸汽发生器在热法磷酸余热回收中的应用

新型热法磷酸生产技术中的特种燃磷塔以辐射换热方式回收了高温五氧化二磷气体的余热,副产工业蒸汽,获得了明显的节能效益。但对中温五氧化二磷气体余热,应采用对流换热方式加以回收。介绍了热管蒸汽发生器回收中温五氧化二磷烟气余热工作原理和运行特点,探讨了它在回收中温五氧化二磷气体余热上应注意的一些问题;最后分析了实施余热回收技术后的节能效果。     

Passivity and Corrosion of Cu–<Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">x</Emphasis>Zn (<Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">x</Emphasis> = 10–40 wt%) Alloys in Borate Buffer Containing Chloride Ions

The electrochemical behaviour of Cu–xZn alloys and of Cu and Zn metals was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry in borate buffer, pH = 9.2, with and without the addition of chloride ions in the range from 0.01 m to 1 m. In general, the shape of voltammograms of four Cu–xZn alloys with 10 – 40 wt.% of zinc resembles that of copper more than that of zinc. With increasing zinc content several characteristics of zinc are observed. In borate buffer containing chloride anions, Cu–xZn alloys are susceptible to pitting corrosion. The breakdown potential, E_b, at which the current density in the passive region starts to increase abruptly, becomes more negative with increasing zinc content in the alloy. The general relationship E_b = a + b log c_NaCl held in all cases, with constants a and b, however, being dependent on the zinc content of the alloy and on the chloride concentration. The corrosion resistance of Cu–xZn alloys was less than that of copper metal but significantly greater than that of zinc.     

高纯度溴代三嗪的制备方法研究

本文研究了由苯酚与三聚氯氰反应合成2,4,6-三苯氧基-1,3,5-三嗪,然后溴化合成溴代三嗪的反应条件,得到合成2,4,6-三苯氧基-1,3,5-三嗪合适的工艺条件:用氯苯作溶剂,无水三氯化铝做催化剂,苯酚与三聚氯氰在回流温度下保温反应3h。     

绥中36-1油田处理含聚污水絮凝剂的研究

针对渤海绥中36-1油田Ⅰ期的含聚污水处理难题,采用多种絮凝剂对其进行了絮凝对比筛选试验,确定了以聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵为主剂的絮凝剂BHQ-04替代无机聚合氯化铝絮凝剂BHQ-10,并在绥中36-1油田I期中心处理平台开展了现场试验。结果表明:絮凝剂BHQ-04替代BHQ-10,可使处理后的污水达到注水水质标准,且大大节省了药剂成本,解决了药剂的冬季供应难题,取得了很好的经济效益,也在处理含聚污水方面取得了一定的技术突破。