某汽轮机甩负荷运行工况强度分析

为分析汽轮机甩负荷运行时的应力状况,选取某机组高压第一级动叶片和转子轮槽为分析对象,采用有限元法分析在高压蒸汽4个阶段降温冲击下的应力.结果表明,动叶片以及转子材料内应力对温度的变化反应敏感;温度不变时,应力集中处的内应力需要很长时间才能消退并趋于均匀化;在该温度曲线的操纵下,逐步的降温造成应力累加,导致应力峰值呈波浪...     

冷却器在瞬态工况下的温度场与热应力分析

针对冷却器在发电厂寿命期内频繁承受热冲击作用而导致设备出现疲劳破坏问题,用ANSYS建立设备管程结构温度场和应力场分析模型,计算瞬变热冲击工况下结构的热应力,并按ASME标准对设备的疲劳强度进行评定.数值仿真结果可明确冷却器裂纹产生的主要原因和部位,为结构的安全性改进提供参考.     

AlSi10Mg(Cu)铸铝合金的热疲劳裂纹萌生及早期扩展行为

微观观察AlSi10Mg(Cu)铸铝合金在热疲劳裂纹的萌生和早期扩展过程,重点研究共晶硅粒子对热疲劳裂纹行为的影响。结果表明:热疲劳裂纹萌生于脱粘共晶硅粒子与铝基体间的开裂界面,原因是共晶硅粒子与铝基体的热膨胀系数不同,引起热循环过程中两相热应变不协调,从而在两相界面处产生循环应力而引起疲劳破坏。热疲劳裂纹的扩展在长度和宽度上同时进行,具有良好塑性的铝枝晶对疲劳裂纹的扩展起阻碍作用。对热疲劳过程中共晶硅粒子周围应力场的模拟分析进一步解释了实验现象。     

Quantification of different effects occurring during fatigue tests on bituminous mixtures

Quantification of different effects (nonlinearity, heating, thixotropy, and fatigue) occurring during fatigue tests on bituminous mixtures is presented in this paper. A focus is given on the nonlinearity phenomenon. Continuous fatigue tests and a test with specific protocol (called fatigue tests to estimate biasing effects) were performed in tension/compression mode on cylindrical samples of the same material. The analysis of results reveals that reversible effects (nonlinearity, heating, and thixotropy) are important (more than 90% decrease at 100,000 cycles for a strain amplitude of 100 μm/m at 10 Hz) and cannot be ignored when interpreting classical fatigue tests. The nonlinearity effects respect the time‐temperature superposition principle, and they are more pronounced at “high” temperature (at the same frequency). Direction of nonlinearity curve in the Cole‐Cole axes is shown to be independent of temperature and frequency for the considered range.     

机车牵引电机接线盒盖板螺栓断裂原因分析及改进

对机车牵引电机接线盒盖板紧固螺栓断裂故障原因进行分析,提出了针对性的改进措施。采用改进措施后,故障彻底消除,改进效果显著。     

预应力钢纤维混凝土板弯曲疲劳弹性模量试验研究

对三种不同钢纤维掺量(0%、1%、2%)的预应力钢纤维混凝土板在不同应力水平(0.80、0.85)下的疲劳弹性模量衰减规律进行研究,得到了预应力钢纤维混凝土板跨中下表面弹性模量衰减曲线以及同钢纤维掺量、同应力水平的跨中上表面弹性模量衰减曲线。揭示了预应力钢纤维混凝土板的弹性模量在弯曲疲劳过程中呈现三阶段衰减并且衰减曲线在第二阶段基本呈线性,当板发生疲劳破坏时其弹性模量衰减至初始弹性模量的59.9%左右的规律。在此基础上根据Miner累积损伤原理建立了疲劳寿命预测模型并提出了采用微损试验来预测疲劳寿命的方法,用该方法预测的疲劳寿命与实测寿命在三倍离散范围内。     

钢吊车梁直角式突变支座疲劳性能试验研究

通过对铜吊车梁直角式突变支座双向荷载的静力和疲劳试验，研究了突变支座各板件的应力状态；讨论了荷载循环次数对突变点附近腹板应力的影响；对这种吊车梁的疲劳破坏特征也作了较详细的描述，提出了设计施工中应当采取的技术措施。     

Research of DP600 high strength steel wheels

Steel has been used as a traditional wheel materials for a long time.Before 1980’ s,over 90% wheels were made of steels.Then,the yield strength of wheel steels increased gradually from 240 -350 MPa to 600 MPa or higher.The advanced high strength steels become the main wheel materials.Since 1990’s,DP600 has been broadly applied in steel wheels oversea.However,there was little research of application of high strength steel wheels(especially wheel disc) in domestic wheel industrial.In presence, DP600 steel wheel is only developed in FAWSH by using imported CKD.Other domestic steel wheel manufacturers did little work on high strength DP600 wheel discs.Baosteel wheels Co.Ltd.is the first domestic company producing DP600 steel discs and has become the leading company in production of high strength wheel.Because of the high strength of DP600,its formability,springback,and wrinkle have become the keys of the successful application of DP600 steel.In this paper,the metallurgical and mechanical properties are firstly introduced and formation problems of DP600 are described compared to traditional steels.Secondly,FLD analysis has been done.Wrinkle and more springback are recognized.To solve these problems,an optimized solution is designed and the good result is obtained.The test has shown that the fatigue property of steel wheel discs made by DP600 have been greatly improved.     

S‐N curves in the very‐high‐cycle fatigue regime: statistical modeling based on the hydrogen embrittlement consideration

The continuous increment of durability and reliability requirements for many machinery components is significantly enhancing the research activity in the Very‐High‐Cycle Fatigue (VHCF) characterization of metallic materials, in particular of high‐strength steels for critical structural applications. According to the model, the VHCF strength of high‐strength steels can be estimated from the projected area of the ‘Optically Dark Area’ (ODA), which plays a key role in the VHCF response of high‐strength steels: more than 95% of the total VHCF life is consumed in the ODA formation, with crack growing even though the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) is below the threshold for crack growth. Following the hydrogen embrittlement theory proposed by Murakami, hydrogen is supposed to assist crack growth within the ODA. The present paper proposes a general SIF formulation for the analytical model of the hydrogen assisted crack growth within the ODA. Starting from the general SIF formulation, a general expression for the material fatigue limit is obtained in the paper. The statistical method for the estimation of the parameters involved in the proposed model is finally illustrated in the paper and numerically applied to an experimental dataset.     

水泵轴用钢疲劳裂纹扩展特性研究

介绍了柔度法疲劳裂纹扩展自动测量系统的研制和结果。该系统适用于频率不高于２５０Ｈｚ的疲劳试验,可以实时地将采集到的载荷位移数据用柔度法转换为裂纹长度,并计算出相应的应力强度因子范围和裂纹扩展速率。利用该系统对水泵轴用钢的疲劳裂纹扩展特性进行了较详细的研究,给出了４２ＣｒＶ和ＩＲ３Ｍｏ的疲劳裂纹扩展速率和门槛值。