Assessment of Bitumen Re c overy from the Athabasca Oil Sands Using a Laboratory Denver Flotation Cell

A methodology was developed in this study to evaluate the effect of operating parameters on the processability of oil sands using small‐scale laboratory experimental devices. By subtracting bitumen recovered to the froth by entrainment with water, the concept of “true flotation recovery” is proposed to describe bitumen recovery resulting from bitumenbubble attachment. The experimental results indicated that “true flotation recovery” is a more sensitive and meaningful marker than overall bitumen recovery to evaluate the processability of oil sands using small‐scale laboratory test units.     

Hydrogen and Oxygen Bubble Attachment to a Bitumen Drop

Air bubble – bitumen attachment is a critical step in the flotation of bitumen from mined oil sand. In this study, single bubble – bitumen drop attachment was observed directly using a novel experimental technique. Induction time is determined and used as an indication of bubble‐bitumen attachment potency for both hydrogen and oxygen bubbles. The attachment tests were conducted in deaerated municipal water (City of Edmonton tap water) at temperatures ranging from 22–50°C. Induction times measured for hydrogen bubble attachment were shorter than those for oxygen bubbles. Coalescence tests were also conducted in the absence of bitumen, and showed that hydrogen bubbles coalesced more rapidly than oxygen bubbles in both deaerated municipal water and clear (solids‐free) process water.     

用唐钢石人沟铁精矿生产超级精矿

以石人沟铁矿精矿粉为原料生产超级铁精矿，进行了磨矿—反浮选、分级—反浮选和分级—低磁场磁选等试验，并按磨矿—反浮选方案建成了生产超级铁精矿的选矿厂。实践证明阳离子反浮选是生产低硅高纯铁精矿的可靠工艺。     

Modelling Gas Holdup in Flotation Column Froths

A one‐dimensional steady‐state model is developed for the prediction of axial variation of the gas holdup in flotation column froths. Froth is considered as an inverse fluidized bed of bubbles and hence the frictional pressure gradient is obtained based on the energy balance. Pressure gradient can also be obtained from the Ergun equation with adjustable constants. The model correctly captures the effect of superficial gas velocity, superficial liquid velocity and bubble diameter on the variation of the gas holdup along the froth height. The predictions of the model are in agreement with the experimental data from the literature.     

(NH4)2SO4-CuSO4-CTMAB-湿法磷酸体系浮选分离碘(I-)的研究

研究了硫酸铵-硫酸铜-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-湿法磷酸体系浮选碘(I-)的行为及其与常见离子分离的条件。试验表明,在1.0g(NH4)2SO4存在下,体系中硫酸铜和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)的用量分别为(2.4×10-2mol/L)0.5ml和0.025g,I-与Cu(Ⅱ)形成的CuI沉淀能被CTMAB浮选,而其它非金属离子不被浮选,从而实现碘(I-)与这些离子之间的定量分离。本法对湿法磷酸中微量碘进行了定量浮选分离,结果满意。     

螺旋藻泡载分离法采收的实验室研究

在一种斜臂泡沫分离装置上，较为详细地研究了泡沫塔构造、起泡剂Tween 20浓度、载气流率、pH值和乙醇浓度等因素对螺旋藻泡载采收性能的影响. 结果表明，斜臂泡沫塔可明显改善藻细胞的泡载性能, 当Tween 20浓度为100 mg/L、载气流率为30 L/h及pH=11、乙醇浓度为1%(j)时，泡载采收过程的分离因子R和浓缩倍数a可分别达到5.04~6.52和2.74~4.31.     

Nanobubble generation and its applications in froth flotation (part Ⅲ): specially designed laboratory scale column flotation of phosphate

Froth flotation is used widely for upgrading raw phosphate. The flotation recovery of coarse phosphate (-1.18+0.425 mm) is much lower than that achieved on the -0.425+0.15 mm size fraction. Enhanced recovery of coarse phosphate particles is of great economic and environmental importance for phosphate industry. In this investigation, four different phosphate samples were aquired, characterized and tested in a specially designed laboratory-scale flotation column. Significant recovery improvement of coarse phosphate flotation was achieved using cavitation-generated nanobubble though its effects differ among the four testing phosphate samples. The laboratory-scale flotation column test results indicate that nanobubble increased P2O5 recovery by up to 10%-30% for a given Acid Insoluble (A.I.) rejection, depending on the characteristic of phosphate samples. The improvement ef-fect of nanobubble on the hard-to-float particles was more significant than that on easy-to-float particles, especially at lower col-lector dosages. Nanobubbles reduced the collector dosage by 1/3 to 1/2. Nanobubbles almost doubled the coarse phosphate flotation rate constant and increased the flotation selectivity index by up to 25%.     

Two-step flotation recovery of iron concentrate from Donganshan carbonaceous iron ore

The flotation of pure and natural carbonaceous iron ore samples in the oleate flotation system was investigated. Starch can depress hematite effectively in a wide pH range, but cannot depress siderite efficiently in neutral conditions. The flotation recovery of pure hematite, siderite, and quartz in the oleate-starch-CaCl₂ system is significantly different when the slurry pH varies from 4 to 12. A novel two-step flotation process was developed for the separation of iron concentrate from Donganshan carbonaceous iron ore through which the siderite concentrate is first recovered and the high quality hematite concentrates with relative high iron recovery can be obtained in the second step flotation. The siderite concentrate may be utilized directly or undergo further concentration steps to increase iron grade.     

Surface chemical study of the selective separation of chalcopyrite and marmatite

FCLS (Ferric Chromium Lignin Sulfonate) was used to aid the separation of chalcopyrite from marmatite. Flotation, adsorption and zeta-potential tests of treated marmatite and chalcopyrite were performed. The flotation of marmatite was strongly depressed, while that of chalcopyrite was only slightly depressed, over a wide range of pH values when FCLS was used as depressant in the presence of Butyl Xanthate (BX). The adsorption of BX onto chalcopyrite or marmatite takes place over a wide pH range. The adsorption density of BX on chalcopyrite and marmatite decreases as the pH increases. The adsorption density of FCLS onto marmatite is greater than the adsorption density onto chalcopyrite. The zeta potentials of chalcopyrite and marmatite become more negative due to the addition of xanthate and FCLS.