甘露醇交联的聚丙烯酸钠类高吸水性树脂的制备及性能研究

以多元醇甘露醇为交联剂、丙烯酸为单体、过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用溶液聚合法合成聚丙烯酸钠超强吸水剂.实验结果表明：单体浓度（单体在水中的质量百分比）为40%,中和度为75%,引发剂和交联剂用量分别占单体质量的0.5%和6%,反应温度为70℃时得到的产物吸水（蒸馏水）性1750 mL/g,吸盐水（生理盐水）性130 mL/g,探讨了产物的吸水动力学、保水率及热稳定性,并研究了不同pH值溶液、不同离子强度的盐溶液对产物吸液性能的影响.     

肠溶型药物包衣用丙烯酸树脂的制备工艺

采用乳液聚合法制备肠溶型药物包衣用丙烯酸树脂,采用甲基丙烯酸与甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为共聚单体、过硫酸钾作为引发剂、十二烷基硫酸钠及OP-10复配作为乳化剂、苯乙烯的二聚体作为分子量调节剂、碳酸氢钠作为pH值调节剂,考察了乳化剂配比及用量、引发剂及分子量调节剂的用量、反应温度、加料方式、相比等因素的影响,最终确定了实验制备药物包衣用丙烯酸树脂的最佳条件。利用乌氏粘度计测定其相对分子量,并作了红外光谱测试,结果表明,乳液符合国家药典要求。该制备过程避免了有机溶剂的使用,有明显的经济和环保效益。     

农作物秸秆增强氟石膏复合材料的微观结构研究

将玉米秸秆加入改性后的氟石膏中，研究改性剂、玉米秸秆对氟石膏复合材料结构性能的影响；并用苯丙乳液对玉米秸秆纤维进行表面处理，用以改善基体材料和增强材料的界面结合状况，由此显著提高制品性能。     

Supercritical CO2‐assisted synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)/Antheraea pernyi SF blend

Monomer acrylic acid (AA) and initiator azo‐bis(isobutyronitrile)were carried into Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (SF) fibers using supercritical CO₂ as a solvent and carrier, followed by free radical polymerization at a suitable temperature, resulting in PAA/SF blends. The binary system of CO₂/AA and the ternary system of CO₂/AA/AIBN systems were studied. Different impregnation conditions, such as time, pressure, and concentration of AA in the fluid phase on mass uptake, were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction results confirmed that PAA was indeed present in the silk and that there were intermolecular hydrogen bonds between PAA and SF. According to thermogravimetry and DTG, blending with PAA could enhance the thermal stability of SF slightly. The water retention values indicated that the hydrophilic nature of the fibers was improved. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 864–868, 2005     

废聚苯乙烯制备丙烯酸改性醇酸树脂

通过采用引发剂（BPO）使废聚苯乙烯和丙烯酸及其单体共聚接枝，增加其反应性基团，然后与蓖麻油酸、甘油、苯酐合成丙烯酸改性醇酸树脂，该树脂具有成本低、综合性能好等特点。介绍了该树脂的生产工艺、性能指标及其主要影响因素。     

丙烯酸型亲水涂料乳胶粒表面羧基分布的研究

研究了以苯乙烯为核,丙烯酸酯类为壳的核壳乳液,采用丙烯酸为功能性单体,成膜后羧基为极性基团分布在涂膜表面达到亲水目的。讨论了功能单体丙烯酸(AA)在乳胶粒表面的分布情况及其加量对涂膜亲水性的影响,通过电导滴定发现当AA的加入量为3%时,水相中游离的丙烯酸含量为5.57%,聚合物表面的羧基含量为36.11%,涂膜的亲水性达到最佳,水接触角为51.1°。本文还讨论了核壳法和核壳翻转法对乳胶粒表面羧基分布及涂膜亲水性能的影响,两者的电导滴定曲线形状一致,由两个当量点可以计算出水相中游离的丙烯酸含量为1.47%,而乳胶粒表面羧基分布的含量为43.59%,可见,用核壳翻转法合成的乳液,乳胶粒表面羧基分布含量比普通聚合方法合成的乳胶粒表面羧基分布含量高,涂膜亲水性进一步提高,水接触角降低为44.5°。     

Free‐radical grafting of acrylic acid onto isotactic polypropylene using styrene as a comonomer in supercritical carbon dioxide

Free‐radical grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) onto isotactic polypropylene (iPP) using styrene (St) as a comonomer in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) medium was studied. The effects of temperature and pressure of reaction on functionalization degree (grafting degree of AAc) of the products were analyzed. The increase of reaction temperature increases the diffusion of monomers and radicals in the disperse reaction system of SCCO₂. In addition, the increase of temperature accelerates the decomposition rate of 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), thus promoting grafting reaction. It was also observed that functionalization degree of the products decreases with the increase of pressure of SCCO₂ in the range of experiment. The effects of comonomer St on the functionalization degree of the products were investigated. The AAc graft degree of the resulting polymer was drastically higher in the present of St. It reached a maximum when the mass ratio of St and AAc was about 0.7 : 1. Because AAc is not sufficiently reactive toward iPP macroradicals, it would be helpful to use a second monomer that can react with them much faster than AAc. St preferentially reacts with the iPP macroradicals to form more stable styrene macroradicals, which then copolymerize with AAc to form branches. The highest functionalization degree was obtained when the AIBN was 0.75 wt %. When the initiator was used excessively, the functionalization degree decreased because of severe chain degradation of the iPP backbone. The morphologies of pure iPP and grafted iPP are different under the polarizing optical microscope. The diameter of the pure iPP spherulites is 20–38 μ and that of the grafted iPP spherulites is reduced with the increase of the functionalization degree of the products. This is proposed to be because the polar grafts formed during the reaction would have a tendency to associate in the hydrophobic PP environment. This might preserve some of the local crystalline order that existed during the reaction in the swollen iPP phase. It can be proven by a DSC cooling investigation that the crystallization temperature increased as the functionalization degree increased. This is proposed to be because the side‐chain of grafting polymer helps to bring about the heterogeneous nucleation in grafting polymer. Therefore, a large number of nuclei can emerge to a lesser supercooling degree. It can be also proven that the percent crystallization decreased as the functionalization degree increased, probably due to the grafted branches, which disrupted the regularity of the chain structure and increased the spacing between the chains. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2203–2210, 2004     

悬浮法合成固体粒状丙烯酸树脂

研究了悬浮法合成固体丙烯酸树脂颗粒。讨论了不同软硬单体配比对丙烯酸树脂颗粒的玻璃化转变温度、相对分子质量及其分布的影响以及不同的引发剂及悬浮剂对其聚合过程、最终产物形态及上述性能的影响。制得的丙烯酸树脂的数均相对分子质量用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定为3.9×104～6.2×104,相对分子质量分布为2.04～2.32;用红外光谱图表征了制得的丙烯酸树脂结构。差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定了聚合物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。     

毛细管气相色谱法分析双丙酮丙烯酰胺的含量

用毛细管气相色谱，FID检测器，内标法定量，分离测定了双丙酮丙烯酰胺及其主要杂质丙烯酰胺的含量，其相对标准偏差分别为0．19和0．014；变异系数分别为0．19％和4．71％。     

丙烯酸接枝线形低密度聚乙烯的热学行为及结晶形态

利用差示扫描量热仪研究了丙烯酸接枝线形低密度聚乙烯（PE-LLD-g-AA）的热学行为，结果表明，与纯线形低密度聚乙烯（PE—LLD）相比，PE-LLD-g-AA的熔融温度（Tm）略有增加，结晶温度（Tc）增加大约4℃，熔融焓（AHm）随AA含量的增加而降低。还利用差示扫描量热仪研究了PE—LLD和PE—LLD-g—AA的等温结晶动力学，用扫描电子显微镜观察了PE—LLD-g—AA等温结晶形态。结果表明，PE-LLD-g-AA的结晶速率大于纯PE—LLD的，随着接枝率的增加，PE-LLD的球晶半径减小，接枝到PE—LLD分子链上的AA分子起到了成核剂的作用。