基于小波的曲线任意放大

文章利用小波多分辨理论,提出了任意比例放大曲线的方法.该算法简单,放大后的曲线失真小且比较光滑.同时,在理论上讨论了适于放大缩小曲线的小波基应具有的特征.理论和实验结果均说明双正交B样条小波和半正交B样条小波具有较好的几何特征,适于本文算法.     

二次均匀B样条曲线的扩展

为便于对均匀B样条曲线进行形状修改,利用二次均匀B样条基函数所需满足的条件,扩展二次均匀B样条基函数,构造出三次多项式调配函数．基于给出的调配函数,建立1种带形状参数的分段多项式曲线．调整形状参数可使三次多项式曲线在二次均匀B样条曲线两侧摆动．最后给出实例,构造出带局部调节参数G^1的连续曲线．该方法可以通过调整参数扩大二次均匀B样条曲线的调整范围．     

基于B样条核的水淹层识别方法

油层水淹状况识别是油田开发中后期油田生产中急需解决的一个重要问题。在测井资料标准化等预处理的基础上,本文将B样条核应用于水淹层识别中,并取得了较好的识别效果。     

基于混合模型的钢轨检测识别方法

为了改善我国现有钢轨检测识别方法准确性和鲁棒性不高以及弯轨拟合较差等问题,提出一种基于直线-曲线混合模型的钢轨检测识别算法。首先对图像进行预处理,调整滞后阈值进行Canny边缘检测。采用累计概率Hough变换对直轨检测并完成近远视场的划分以及消失点的确定。对近视场直轨采用直线模型拟合,根据其检测结果对远视场进行循环线性近似获取钢轨特征点,并根据钢轨灰度特征进行验证,采用最小二乘法完成曲线拟合。直线-曲线模型的切换根据制定的规则完成。实验结果表明,提出的算法检测正确率为90.1%,适用于不同环境的场景,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

不同形变配准对头颈部CT图像的剂量评估研究

形变图像配准(deformable image registration, DIR)是自适应放射治疗(adaptive radiotherapy, ART)中轮廓推衍和剂量累积的关键过 程。 本研究比较3种不同形变配准算法在自适应放疗过程中轮廓推衍和剂量累积的变化。选择头 颈部癌症患者的放疗影像数据图像进行这项研究,刚性配准后采用B样条弹性配准和LCC- Demons配准算法,其中B样条弹性算法研究了两种优化指标:归一化互相关、归一化互相 关结合弯曲能量惩罚(bending energy penalty, BEP) 正则化。剂量评估采用剂量参数D₉₅、Dmin、D_mean、Dmax和均 匀性指数(homogeneity index, HI)来评价累积剂量与初始剂量的差异。几何评估使用Dice 相似性系数(Dice similarity coefficient, DSC)和 Hausdorff距离(Hausdorff distance, HD)来评价体积之间的重叠度。经过实验,几何评估所得的PTV(planning target volume)靶区、左腮腺、 右腮腺Dice系数在B样条弹性配准的两种优化算法和LCC-Demons算法中分别为:0. 82、 0.83、0.86,其中在LCC-Demons算法下得到的Dice系数达到了最大值0.91, 所得的Hausdorff距离均在1—3 mm之间,DSC重叠度结果与表明偏差 距离均在临床可接受的 范围内。对于剂量评估,相应的HI值分别为:1.089、1.082、1.081,LCC-Demons同样达到 了最小值1.081,本实验中LCC-Demons在轮廓推衍和剂量映射中均取 得了较好的效果,同 时也为临床环境下对配准质量的评估提供了一定的借鉴。     

基于B-样条曲线暗通道的图像去雾算法

针对暗原色去雾算法在高亮背景图像中出现光晕（Halo）效应的问题,提出一种基于B-样条曲线加gamma（γ）修正透射率去除Halo效应的算法。通过分析暗原色透射率图像的统计直方图,得出Halo效应的产生是由于HE算法透射率直方图中低灰度值占比较大,因此需要对直方图低灰度包络进行修正。寻找直方图中第1个低灰度波峰,在2个波谷间进行子区间分割,并以区间边界点作为样条区间节点计算三次样条曲线,以拟合低灰度包络。基于透射率图中修正位置对修正结果的关键性作用,采用改进的大津法从横向和纵向两个维度对透射率图进行分割,以确定修正区域,实现精准补偿,提高抗噪性能。根据不同雾图选择合适的γ修正系数修正拟合的灰度包络并对图像进行还原,验证不同修正系数对结果的影响。实验结果表明,当修正系数γ>1.5时,Halo效应能被有效减缓或消除,与HE算法相比,该算法的对比度、信息熵最大可分别提高10.1%和9.9%,算法并行度可达到M或N级。     

A Novel Contour Tracing Algorithm for Object Shape Reconstruction Using Parametric Curves

Parametric curves such as Bézier and B-splines, originally developed for the design of automobile bodies, are now also used in image processing and computer vision. For example, reconstructing an object shape in an image, including different translations, scales, and orientations, can be performed using these parametric curves. For this, Bézier and B-spline curves can be generated using a point set that belongs to the outer boundary of the object. The resulting object shape can be used in computer vision fields, such as searching and segmentation methods and training machine learning algorithms. The prerequisite for reconstructing the shape with parametric curves is to obtain sequentially the points in the point set. In this study, a novel algorithm has been developed that sequentially obtains the pixel locations constituting the outer boundary of the object. The proposed algorithm, unlike the methods in the literature, is implemented using a filter containing weights and an outer circle surrounding the object. In a binary format image, the starting point of the tracing is determined using the outer circle, and the next tracing movement and the pixel to be labeled as the boundary point is found by the filter weights. Then, control points that define the curve shape are selected by reducing the number of sequential points. Thus, the Bézier and B-spline curve equations describing the shape are obtained using these points. In addition, different translations, scales, and rotations of the object shape are easily provided by changing the positions of the control points. It has also been shown that the missing part of the object can be completed thanks to the parametric curves.     

B样条曲线、曲面的计算机辅助设计及可控修形研究

文章对Ｂ样条曲线、Ｂ样条曲面的生成进行了研究,同时还研究了Ｂ样条曲线和曲面的可控修形,即在原来基础上修改成所需的任意形状。生成及修改的结果可在计算机上显示。该研究是用Ｃ语言实现其算法的。     

αB-spline: a linear singular blending B-spline

A linear singular blending (LSB) technique can enhance the shape—control capability of the B-spline. This capability is derived from the blending parameters defined at the B-spline control vertices and blends LSB line segments or bilinear surface patches with the B-spline curve or surface. Varying the blending parameters between zero and unity applies tension for reshaping. The reshaped curve or surface retains the same smoothness properties as the original B-spline; it possesses the same strict parametric continuities. This is different from the -spline, which introduces additional control to the B-spline by imposing geometrical continuities to the joints of curve segments or surface patches. For applications in which strict parametric continuities cannot be compromised, LSB provides an intuitive way to introduce tension to the B-spline.     

数控加工中的二次曲线拟合与最优插补控制算法

本文提出一种基于二次B样条曲线对G01代码的拟合及插补方法,先通过自适应方法选取G01代码所描述的加工轨迹形状特征的各个特征点,再用通过所有特征点的二次B样条曲线拟合待加工路径.由于Timar等人提出的最优速度规划算法对于三次及三次以上的高阶次样条曲线的计算极为复杂,本文提出了一种改进的基于二次B样条曲线的时间最优插补计算方法.最后,将所提出的算法应用到实际的图案加工仿真与实际数控加工中.