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11.
This paper investigates the prediction of Class A pan evaporation using the artificial neural network (ANN) technique. The ANN back propagation algorithm has been evaluated for its applicability for predicting evaporation from minimum climatic data. Four combinations of input data were considered and the resulting values of evaporation were analysed and compared with those of existing models. The results from this study suggest that the neural computing technique could be employed successfully in modelling the evaporation process from the available climatic data set. However, an analysis of the residuals from the ANN models developed revealed that the models showed significant error in predictions during the validation, implying loss of generalization properties of ANN models unless trained carefully. The study indicated that evaporation values could be reasonably estimated using temperature data only through the ANN technique. This would be of much use in instances where data availability is limited. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
Yao Chun-xial Li Bao-sheng Jin He-ling David Dian Zhang Yan Man-cun Zhu Yi-zhi Li Hou-xin Zhang Yu-hong Luo Kai-li 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(1):65-71
The paper makes some analyses on 11 trace elements in the Milanggouwan stratigraphical section in the Salawusu River valley,
which is regarded as a prototype geology-palaeoclimate record since 150 ka BP. The results show that the content and variation
of trace elements has experienced remarkably regular changes in the pace with coarse and fine sedimentary cycles of palaeo-aeolian
sands to its overlying fluvio-lacustrine facies or/and palaeosols. The trace elements with chemical properties of relatively
active (V, Sr, Cu, Ni, As) and relatively stable (P, Pb, Rb, Mn, Nb, Zr) are a manifestation of the corresponding 27 changeable
cycles between peak and valley values, appearing a multi-fiuctuational process line of relative gathering and migration since
then. The low numerical value distribution of these two types of trace elements in the aeolian sand facies represents erosion
and accumulation under wind force during the cold-dry climate. Whereas their enrichments in both fluvio-lacustrine facies
and palaeosols are related to the valley’s special low-lying physiognomic position between the Ordos Plateau and the Loess
Plateau under the warm and humid climate conditions. The above relatively migrated and gathered change of the trace elements
is the result of 27 climatic cycles of cold-dry and warm-humid, which is probably caused by repeated alternations of winter
monsoon and summer monsoon in the Mu Us Sandy Land influenced by the climate vicissitudes in northern hemisphere during glacial
and interglacial periods since 150 ka BP. 相似文献
13.
Arantxa Luzón Angel González Arsenio Muñoz Belén Sánchez-Valverde 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2002,28(4):441-456
The lacustrine facies from two sections (Candasnos and Fraga) ofthe Oligocene-Miocene Torrente de Cinca lithostratigraphic Unit in thecentral part of the Ebro Basin (Spain) have been analysed to determine theinfluence of orbital parameters in lacustrine sedimentation. The unit ispredominantly composed of limestones and marls, and represents a shallowlacustrine freshwater system. The sedimentological features of the faciesstudied demonstrate that the lower part of the Candasnos section representsoffshore lacustrine subenvironments whereas the upper part, and the whole ofthe Fraga section, characterise marginal lacustrine areas. Series of stratalthickness variations of limestone, marl, and limestone/marl couplets fromboth sections have been analysed using spectral analysis. This shows thatinformation corresponding to periodic cycles only appears in the offshorefacies, that is to say, in the lower part of Candasnos section, and disappearsin the marginal facies where non-periodic cycles exist. Furthermore, thespectral analysis of the offshore facies highlights the existence of a peak inthe power spectrum with a period of around 7 (6.8 to 7.8) that can berecognised in the field as shallowing-upward lacustrine sequences.Magnetostratigraphic data from the Candasnos section allow us to establish atime span of 2,808 years for the limestone/marl couplet from the lower partof this section, and between 19,000 and 22,000 years for the periodic cycleidentified, thus representing the climatic precession cycle. Shallowingsequences from marginal areas do not correspond with any periodiccycle. 相似文献
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16.
Bi Fuzhi Yuan Youshen Institute of Crustal Dynamics State Seismological Bureau Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》1997,71(4):395-406
This paper expounds the quantitative tectonic indicators and some qualitative indicators of large earthquakes in the coast areas of Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan and Hainan. The main quantitative indicators include uplift amplitude of the Moho, Quaternary and Late Holocene coasts. The paper also gives a brief account of the research method on quantitative indicators of surface uplifted zones. Taiwan is a famous neotectonic zone and an area of large earthquakes in the world. There is only one large-earthquake area in each of Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan Provinces. Along the coast large earthquake areas there are certainly many remains of crustal activity. Among these remains, coast activity, taking the sea level as the accurate marker horizon, can determine not only the amplitude of coastal elevation and subsidence in a certain period, but also the cycle and rate of positive or negative movements. 相似文献
17.
多功能水文频率分析计算软件的研制和应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了多功能水文频率分析计算软件的设计及功能扩充,尤其是增加了采用鼠标拉动曲线直接屏幕适线的功能。本软件在生产实践中,获得了较好的应用效果,不仅功能多,而且实用方便。 相似文献
18.
Foraminiferal shells from two piston cores separately located at the Ninetyeast Ridge and the Bengal Fan of the Indian Ocean were selected and purified for measurements of natural thermoluminescence (NTL) intensity by a high precision thermoluminescence meter (RGD-3). Variations of the NTL intensity along the two core sequences both spanning the last two glacial--interglacial cycles displayed a strong, identical signal of the global ice volume cycles, which matched well with their corresponding oxygen isotope data. As higher NTL intensity occurred within interglacial periods and changes in an NTL signal were most likely influenced by the temperature of ambient seawater in which the planktonic foraminiferal shells long existed, the NTL signal could be considered as a potential proxy for orbital scale temperature changes of bottom seawater in the tropical Indian Ocean. 相似文献
19.
新疆蒙库地区位于阿尔泰山南麓,南接准噶尔盆地。该地区花岗岩分布广泛,主要为华力西中、晚期花岗岩。对蒙库地区华力西中期(石炭纪)花岗岩进行分析和研究认为,该区花岗岩处于华力西期大陆边缘造山带环境中,具有汇聚、造山期花岗岩的特征。岩浆沿断裂带上侵就位,为板块俯冲作用、陆—陆碰撞构造环境下形成的活动大陆边缘岩浆弧。深入研究蒙库地区花岗岩有助于我们了解这一时期该地区区域构造、岩浆演化的规律。 相似文献
20.
鲁西地壳隆升的伸展构造模式 总被引:23,自引:2,他引:23
伸展链锁断层系,形成了鲁西的主导造格局,即“块断”构造。它是由中、生代两次伸展运动形成的。伸展运动幔源岩浆活动有着密切的成生联系。伸展运动的结果,形成了以泰山-鲁山-沂山为核心的鲁中块隆,它至今耸立于周围以平原地貌为标志的地堑系之间,隆起的高点,就是当今的泰山。 相似文献