陆相生油及其衍生热点

对陆相生油而言,关键性的问题是何种地质背景是形成优质油源层和向成油转化的环境。认识之一是古气候和占构造有利因素的叠加,如“陆相、潮湿、拗陷”的学说。70年代以来陆相牛油地球化学研究在陆相油源岩的质、量,成烃转化特征、油气源对比等方面确证了陆相沉积中存在优质源岩和向成油转化的条件,并足以保证陆相大、中型油气田形成的油源供给。陆相有机质的特性衍生出近年油气地学的2个热点,即煤成气、煤成油、未熟-低熟油气,并取得了理论和实践的双丰收。笔者在文中提出了陆相生油的地质构架——环境控源、源控藏。     

赣南地区煤矿分布规律及找煤方向

赣南地区各含煤岩系及煤矿（田）产布特征,具有东西向成片、北北东向成行,受东西向与北北东向推昨合控制的分布规律。因此,深入研究推覆构造系统的特点及其控煤规律,从而确定出煤系“构造窗”、覆于煤系之上的“飞来峰”,甚至辨认出覆于煤系之上的大片外来岩席（包括花岗岩外来岩席）,是确定找煤方向和预测隐伏煤矿（田）的重要途径。     

Binary gas adsorption/desorption isotherms: effect of moisture and coal composition upon carbon dioxide selectivity over methane

The effect of coal moisture content and composition upon methane/carbon dioxide mixed gas adsorption characteristics is investigated. Separation factors are used to quantify the relative adsorption of carbon dioxide and methane. Experimental data indicate that carbon dioxide separation factors vary slightly between coal lithotypes, but the effects of variable coal composition and moisture upon selective adsorption are difficult to isolate. Model predictions based upon single-component isotherms show that although some variability in carbon dioxide selectivity exists for different coal types, there is no clear relationship between coal composition and carbon dioxide selectivity. Model predictions also indicate that coal moisture decreases carbon dioxide selectivity. The ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory and the extended Langmuir model differ substantially in their ability to predict binary gas adsorption behaviour. Comparison of model predictions to experimental data demonstrates that IAS theory, in conjunction with the Dubinin–Astakhov single-component isotherm equations are more accurate for the prediction of mixed gas desorption isotherms collected in this study than the extended Langmuir. IAS predictions, however, are strongly dependent upon the choice of pure gas isotherm equation.     

煤岩及煤岩加不同介质的热模拟地球化学实验--气态和液态产物的产率以及演化特征

对塔里木盆地侏罗系煤岩以及煤岩加不同介质等 4个系列以 50℃为一温阶,从 250～550℃进行热模拟实验,并对其气体产物、液态有机质进行了系统分析。结果表明:煤岩成烃过程是一个综合作用的过程,它的生气、生油与外界环境如水,粘土矿物等的辅助作用有关。随着热模拟温度的升高,各产气率呈增长趋势。介质的加入可降低有机质成烃温度,有利于液态物的产出。     

临沧锗矿床的稀土元素地球化学研究

通过对临沧锗矿床中基底花岗岩、矿化煤以及硅质岩的稀土元素地球化学研究认为盆地基底花岗提供了形成锗矿化的锗和形成硅质岩的硅；本区陆相热水成因硅质岩的Ce异常不明显，相对富集LREE；矿化煤相对富集HREE，这可能主要与矿化煤在含锗热液的相互作用过程中，煤对重烯土的优先富集有关。     

太原东山煤矿15号煤层底板突水条件分析

东山井田位于娘子关奥陶系岩溶泉域的西部。奥陶系灰岩水已严重地威胁着15号煤层的安全开采,在底板隔水岩柱薄弱地带或断裂陷落柱构造破碎带,存在着岩溶水突破相对隔水层溃入矿坑的可能性。本文着重研究了底板突水条件,并提出了相应的防治措施。     

地地震多参数BP神经网络预测煤层厚度

依据煤层反射波运动学和动力学特征，提取出了波峰波谷振幅A1、平均频率Fa、主频带能量Qf1、低频带宽能量Qf和峰值频率Fmain等5个地地震特征参数。选取8组学习样本，利用4层BP（Back Propagation)人工神经网络模型，采用动量法和自适应调整的改进算法，训练BP网络，用训练好的BP网络预测煤层厚度。经实例验证，地震多参数BP网络预测煤层厚度精度高，是一种有效的煤厚预测方法。     

应用成煤构造理论 杨梅山矿找煤告捷

笔者应用历史－因果论的成煤构造理论，采用历史分析法和动力分析法相结合的方法，在构造复杂的杨梅山矿区找煤，使一对老矿山增了储量，延长了寿命，使一对已报废的矿井重见曙光。     

鲁西煤田多级滑动构造系

鲁西石炭二叠纪与中奥陶世之间的假整合面为本区煤田的主滑面，它与煤系中若干次一级同共同组成多层次多级别的滑动构造系，本文主要分析该滑动构造系特征，形成的地质构造背景以及对煤矿生产的影响。     

The origin and distribution of HAPs elements in relation to maceral composition of the A1 lignite bed (Paleocene, Calvert Bluff Formation, Wilcox Group), Calvert mine area, east-central Texas

The origin and distribution of twelve potentially Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs; As, Be, Cd, Cr, Co, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and U) identified in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments were examined in relation to the maceral composition of the A1 bed (Paleocene, Calvert Bluff Formation, Wilcox Group) of the Calvert mine in east-central Texas. The 3.2 m-thick A1 bed was divided into nine incremental channel samples (7 lignite samples and 2 shaley coal samples) on the basis of megascopic characteristics. Results indicate that As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb, and U are strongly correlated with ash yield and are enriched in the shaley coal samples. We infer that these elements are associated with inorganic constituents in the coal bed and may be derived from a penecontemporaneous stream channel located several kilometers southeast of the mining block. Of the HAPs elements studied, Mn and Hg are the most poorly correlated to ash yield. We infer an organic association for Mn; Hg may be associated with pyrite. The rest of the trace elements (Be, Co, and Se) are weakly correlated with ash yield. Further analytical work is necessary to determine the mode of occurrence for these elements. Overall, concentrations of the HAPs elements are generally similar to or less than those reported in previous studies of lignites of the Wilcox Group, east-central region, Texas. Petrographic analysis indicates the following ranges in composition for the seven lignite samples: liptinites (5–8%), huminites (88–95%), and inertinites (trace amounts to 7%). Samples from the middle portion of the A1 bed contain abundant crypto-eugelinite compared to the rest of the samples; this relationship suggests that the degradation of plant material was an important process during the development of the peat mire. With the exception of Hg and Mn, relatively low levels of the HAPs elements studied are found in the samples containing abundant crypto-eugelinite. We infer that the peat-forming environment for this portion of the coal bed was very wet with minimal detrital input. Relatively high concentrations of crypto-humotelinite were found in samples from the top and base of the coal bed. The presence of abundant crypto-humotefinite in this part of the coal bed suggests the accumulation of wood-rich peat under conditions conducive to a high degree of tissue preservation in the peat mire. Although several of the trace elements (Be, Co, Ni, and Sb) exhibit enrichment in these samples, they are not necessarily chemically associated with humotelinite. We infer that these elements, with the exception of Be, are possibly associated with deposition of the roof and floor rock of the coal bed; however, further analytical work would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis. Beryllium may have an organic origin.