完善公共财政体系 促进实现科学发展

改革开放以来,尤其是1998年明确提出建立公共财政目标任务以来,财政部不断适应市场经济发展的需要,积极稳步推进各项改革,加强预算管理,公共财政建设步伐不断加快,有力地促进了经济社会的科学发展。     

主要国家气象部门人员数量与预算收支的比较研究 ——基于年报、预算摘要等公开数据的分析

本文统计的8个国家中,美国、日本为中央(联邦)全额预算保障,平均保障率达93.01%,中国目前为44.54%。应进一步提高中央财政支持气象发展的保障力度,进一步强化气象领域中央财政事权与预算支出责任。     

用水文地质比拟法预算矿井涌水量

根据大同煤田赋存有侏罗系和石炭二叠系两套含煤建造的特点,以大同煤田马脊梁勘探区为例,运用水文地质比拟法,分别采用邻矿(塔山煤矿)、勘探区上覆的煤矿(侏罗系煤矿)矿井涌水量观测资料,在充分讨论勘探区与对比煤矿的比拟条件后,较为恰当地求得了比拟参数,对勘探区矿井涌水量进行了预算,得出了较为接近的比拟结果。     

测量机器人在土方工程审计中的应用

随着现代社会的飞速发展,传统工程审计方法已不适于当前要求,大量新技术被应用到审计工作中来,而其中的高精度智能测量设备及先进计算机处理技术在工程审计中被越来越广泛地应用。据此,探讨了测量机器人在审计预算中的方法,将其应用在南京某土方挖填工程的审计工作中,并对工程预算数据进行了采集及计算分析,效果良好。     

测绘行政事业单位预算编制管理初探

做好测绘行政事业单位的预算编制管理工作,对履行行政事业单位职责、促进测绘事业发展都起着重要作用。笔者指出新《预算法》实施后,测绘行政事业单位预算编制管理工作的重点及存在的问题,并提出相应的解决方案。     

Wave breaking on turbulent energy budget in the ocean surface mixed layer

As an important physical process at the air-sea interface, wave movement and breaking have a significant effect on the ocean surface mixed layer （OSML）. When breaking waves occur at the ocean surface, turbulent kinetic energy （TKE） is input downwards, and a sublayer is formed near the surface and turbulence vertical mixing is intensively enhanced. A one-dimensional ocean model including the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure equations was employed in our research on variations in turbulent energy budget within OSML. The influence of wave breaking could be introduced into the model by modifying an existing surface boundary condition of the TKE equation and specifying its input. The vertical diffusion and dissipation of TKE were effectively enhanced in the sublayer when wave breaking was considered. Turbulent energy dissipated in the sublayer was about 92.0% of the total depth-integrated dissipated TKE, which is twice higher than that of non-wave breaking. The shear production of TKE decreased by 3.5% because the mean flow fields tended to be uniform due to wave-enhanced turbulent mixing. As a result, a new local equilibrium between diffusion and dissipation of TKE was reached in the wave-enhanced layer. Below the sublayer, the local equilibrium between shear production and dissipation of TKE agreed with the conclusion drawn from the classical law-of-the-wall （Craig and Banner, 1994）.     

试析全面预算管理与企业管理创新

为促进企业进一步建立内部约束机制,改善目前企业管理不够规范的现状,不段提高企业的管理水平,《国有大中型企业建立现代企业制度和加强管理的基本规范》明确要求企业内部推行预算管理制度,目前,预算管理在我国已受到企业管理者的普遍     

某盆地油气勘查成本预算和风险分析

某高原盆地的油气资源量较为丰富，可找到大型油气田。根据含油气盆地地质构造特征、生油岩的厚度与热演化程度、储集层和区域性盖层的发育情况等因素，确定了两个含油气远景区，拟作为重点找油气靶区。提出了两个可供选择的油气勘探布署方案。在此基础上，选用适当的成本预算基本参数，进行油气勘查成本估算，并对两个方案进行了优选对比与具体的风险分析，提出方案决策意见。     

作业预算绩效评价的瓶颈、机制与策略探析

全面预算绩效管理是我国预算管理的新模式,是对“注重结果导向、强调成本效益、加强绩效评价”为主要特征的预算管理工作的顶层设计和统筹谋略。作业预算绩效管理是一种基于作业成本法的预算绩效管理方法,是对全面预算管理的理论探索和实践示范。本文阐述了作业预算、作业预算绩效评价的内涵与评价目标,梳理了影响作业预算绩效评价的主要问题和瓶颈,分析了绩效评价的主要原则和关键程序,探索性提出了作业预算绩效评价的实施策略。     

Heat budget of the south-central equatorial Pacific in CMIP3 models

ABSTRACT Using data from 17 coupled models and nine sets of corresponding Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project （AMIP） results, we investigated annual and seasonal variation biases in the upper 50 m of the south-central equatorial Pacific, with a focus on the double-ITCZ bias, and examined the causes for the amplitude biases by using heat budget analysis. The results showed that, in the research region, most of the models simulate SSTs that are higher than or similar to observed. The simulated seasonal phase is close to that observed, but the amplitudes of more than half of the model results are larger than or equal to observations. Heat budget analysis demonstrated that strong shortwave radiation in individual atmospheric models is the main factor that leads to high SST values and that weak southward cold advection is an important mechanism for maintaining a high SST. For seasonal circulation, large surface shortwave radiation amplitudes cause large SST amplitudes.