河南省内乡——淅川地区边缘成矿体系与成矿预测

河南内乡——淅川地区具有一完整的边缘成矿体系。应用边缘成矿理论，通过野外对该区控矿要素的实际调研和室内对比分析，提出了豫西南内乡——淅川地区边缘成矿体系的新认识。一级成矿边缘为华北板块与扬子板块边缘对接处（山阳——西峡断裂带两侧），控制了两个跨省大型成矿带的形成；二级成矿边缘为区域深大断裂边缘，控制区域成矿带形成；三级成矿带边缘为岩体边缘、次级断裂带边缘和地层交界面等，控制矿田、矿床的形成；四级成矿边缘为岩体边缘不同岩相分界面、不同岩性层间面和构造形态、产状变化处。不同边缘交叉、叠合地段是成矿最有利地段。研究表明，边缘成矿体系的形成与地质异常事件密切相关，板块活动、区域构造、火山、岩浆侵入、沉积环境演化是边缘成矿体系形成的主导因素。根据边缘成矿规律进行了成矿预测，指出主要找矿方向和有利找矿区段（靶区）。     

Textural and Geochemical Characteristics of Proglacial Sediments: A Case Study in the Foreland of the Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica

This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are characteristic of glacigenic deposits, but very different from those of aeolian and lacustrine sediments. Moreover, the grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are fractal with a dimension of about 2.9, and the fractal dimensions can be used as another summary statistical parameter for quantifying the relative amounts of coarse and fine materials. Correlations between the absolute element abundances of the proglacial sediments are very weak due to mineral partitioning and other effects of glacial processes, but correlations between the element/Rb ratios are statistically significant. This finding indicates that element/Rb ratios can be used to reduce or eliminate the effects of glacial processes, evaluate geochemical data and determine the sediment provenance in the for     

塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系塔塔埃尔塔格组潮坪沉积中的遗迹化石

在塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系塔塔埃尔塔格组中共发现遗迹化石 11属 12种,包括Skolithoslinearis、Skolithosverticalis、Ophiomorphanodosa、Arenicolitesisp.、Cylindrichnusisp.、Thalassinoidessuevicus、Diplocraterionparallelum、Taenidi umsatanassi、Macaronichnussegregatis、Palaeophycustubularis、Planolitesbeverlegensis和Cochlichnusanguineus。这些遗迹化石主要是无脊椎动物的居住迹、进食迹和觅食迹,其中大部分呈全浮痕保存,少数呈上浮痕或下浮痕保存。按其古生态和沉积学特征,可划分出三个遗迹组合:①Skolithos-Thalassinoides遗迹组合,代表了平坦底型条件下的砂坪沉积环境;②Planolites-Palaeophycus遗迹组合,反映了潮间带砂泥坪沉积环境;③Cochlichnus-Planolites遗迹组合,代表了平均低潮线附近的泥坪沉积环境。     

煤层气在煤储层中的扩散及其影响因素

煤层气在煤储层中的扩散是指从煤基质孔隙表面上解吸的煤层气运移到割理系统的主要过程。发生扩散的前提条件是气体浓度差的出现，衡量扩散能力大小的重要参数是扩散系数。前者为由解吸速度、解吸气量和煤层气产量、井孔压力降等因素控制的动态参数，而后者为主要受扩散物质性质、扩散介质特征、扩散系统的温度、压力和孔隙结构形态等因素影响的静态参数。煤层气在煤储层中的扩散量与煤层气浓度差和扩散系数呈正比关系。     

水流紊动对泥沙絮凝的影响

主要研究水流紊动对泥沙絮凝的影响。认为水处理方面的絮凝动力学理论可用于研究泥沙絮凝问题。根据试验实测资料及国外有关试验结果研究表明,在紊动状态下,泥沙絮凝存在两个阶段,每个阶段中紊动对泥沙絮凝的影响也有所不同。     

Vertical structures of PM10 and PM 2.5 and their dynamical character in low atmosphere in Beijing urban areas

The vertical structures and their dynamical character of PM2.5 and PM10 over Beijing urban areas are revealed using the 1 min mean continuous mass concentration data of PM2.5 and PM10 at 8, 100, and 320 m heights of the meteorological observation tower of 325 m at Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP CAS tower hereafter) on 10―26 August, 2003, as well as the daily mean mass concentration data of PM2.5 and PM10 and the continuous data of CO and NO2 at 8, 100 (low layer), 200 (middle layer), and 320 m (high layer) heights, in combination with the same period meteorological field observation data of the meteorological tower. The vertical distributions of aerosols observed on IAP CAS tower in Beijing can be roughly divided into two patterns: gradually and rapidly decreasing patterns, I.e. The vertical distribution of aerosols in calm weather or on pollution day belongs to the gradually decreasing pattern, while one on clean day or weak cold air day belongs to the rapidly decreasing pattern. The vertical distributive characters of aerosols were closely related with the dynamical/thermal structure and turbulence character of the atmosphere boundary layer. On the clean day, the low layer PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were close to those at 8 m height, while the concentrations rapidly decreased at the high layer, and their values were only one half of those at 8 m, especially, the concentration of PM2.5 dropped even more. On the clean day, there existed stronger turbulence below 150 m, aerosols were well mixed, but blocked by the more stronger inversion layer aloft, and meanwhile, at various heights, especially in the high layer, the horizontal wind speed was larger, resulting in the rapid decrease of aerosol concentration, I.e. Resulting in the obvious vertical difference of aerosol concentrations between the low and high layers. On the pollution day, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at the low, middle, and high layers dropped successively by, on average, about 10% for each layer in comparison with those at 8 m height. On pollution days, in company with the low wind speed, there existed two shallow inversion layers in the boundary layer, but aerosols might be, to some extent, mixed below the inversion layer, therefore, on the pollution day the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 dropped with height slowly; and the observational results also show that the concentrations at 320 m height were obviously high under SW and SE winds, but at other heights, the concentrations were not correlated with wind directions. The computational results of footprint analysis suggest that this was due to the fact that the 320 m height was impacted by the pollutants transfer of southerly flow from the southern peripheral heavier polluted areas, such as Baoding, and Shijiazhuang of Hebei Province, Tianjin, and Shandong Province, etc., while the low layer was only affected by Beijing's local pollution source. The computational results of power spectra and periods preliminarily reveal that under the condition of calm weather, the periods of PM10 concentration at various heights of the tower were on the order of minutes, while in cases of larger wind speed, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at 320 m height not only had the short periods of minute-order, but also the longer periods of hour order. Consistent with the conclusion previously drawn by Ding et al., that air pollutants at different heights and at different sites in Beijing had the character of "in-phase" variation, was also observed for the diurnal variation and mean diurnal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 at various heights of the tower in this experiment, again confirming the "in-phase" temporal/spatial distributive character of air pollutants in the urban canopy of Beijing. The gentle double-peak character of the mean diurnal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 was closely related with the evident/similar diurnal variation of turbulent momentum fluxes, sensible heat fluxes, and turbulent kinetic energy at various heights in the urban canopy. Besides, under the condition of calm weather, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 declined with height slowly, it was 90% of 8 m concentration at the low layer, a little lesser than 90% at the middle layer, and 80% at the high layer, respectively. Under the condition of weak cold air weather, the concentration remarkably dropped with height, it was 70% of 8 m concentration at the low layer, and 20%―30% at the middle and high layers, especially the concentration of PM2.5 was even lower.     

福建省水系沉积物微量元素含量特征及成矿远景预测

根据区域化探水系沉积物测量分析３万余件样品中４０种元素含量，统计了３２种微量元素的背景平均值，浓度克拉克值，总体变化系数等参数。在利用水系沉积物富集系数估计值对浓度克拉克值进行校正后，使用顺序号累加法对福建省３２种元素内生成矿作用的规模进行预测排序，并分析了银，硼的资源潜力。     

风沙流中沙粒浓度分布的实验研究

利用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）,在风洞内对与天然沙接近的石英沙风沙流沙颗粒浓度沿高度分布进行了研究。对 3种不同轴线风速研究结果表明,风沙流中沙粒浓度沿水平方向基本不变,而随高度呈指数衰减,而且其衰减速率与风速密切相关。风速越大,衰减速率越慢;风速越小,衰减速率越快。风沙运动一旦发生时,靠近沙床表面的沙粒浓度随风速变化很小,可以认为趋于稳定,达到最大值。     

营口市一氧化碳中毒事件发生日气象条件分析

利用近10 a营口市一氧化碳浓度监测资料和气象监测资料,分析了一氧化碳中毒事件发生与一氧化碳浓度的关系,探讨了一氧化碳中毒事件发生日的地面天气形势和局地气象条件特征。结果表明:一氧化碳中毒事件发生日空气中一氧化碳浓度值偏高;弱高压类、低压类和均压类天气形势均可能发生一氧化碳中毒事件;气压梯度小,风速小,气温变化小,不利于污染物扩散是造成一氧化碳中毒的主要原因。     

基于HJ-1遥感数据的矿区水体污染监测与分析——以龙岩紫金山金铜矿为例

矿产资源的持续开采与加工利用使得矿区周边水资源受到的污染日趋严重,急需采用先进技术对水污染进行监测分析,遥感技术是水环境监测最为有效的技术之一。利用国产环境一号小卫星多光谱遥感影像数据,针对福建省龙岩市紫金山矿区不同时相的数据进行水质遥感监测。利用近红外单波段阈值分割法提取悬浮物浓度信息,基于矿区酸碱性水体光谱曲线特性采用342波段假彩色合成影像,采用SVM分类方法进行分类,判别矿区水体酸碱性以及分析水体受污染程度变化和污染源。结果表明,研究区汀江水体2008年呈现碱性,2010年呈现弱碱性,水质在研究时段内得到一定的改善,但在选矿厂与矿区附近的水体中仍含有大量重金属沉积物。