河南省中北部弧形构造控煤

河南省北部东西向构造与北东向构造的交汇部位及中部早期东西构造受后期构造的切割或影响部位 ,东西向构造的走向发生变化 ,在平面上呈“弧形”展布 ,从而引起早期矿带走向、厚度等发生变化。由此形成弧形构造控制着早期矿产资源的分布。本文论述了弧形构造的成因 ,阐明了弧形构造的控煤作用 ,并用实例分析了弧形构造的控煤模式     

华南弧形海岸的分形和稳定性研究

弧形海岸是上、下岬角控制下的砂质海岸在泥沙供给不足的情况下优势波浪斜向冲击海岸形成的一种与波浪动力及其一定的沿岸输沙率相适应的海岸形态.它的弧形(或螺线形)湾顶偏于上岬角一侧,其海滩剖面平缓,呈上凹形,属“消散型”海滩性质;偏于下波侧方向的岸段(称切线段)十分平直,其海滩剖面较陡,呈上凸状,趋于“反射型”海滩性质.这是一种较为稳定或平衡的、在华南分布很广的海岸类型.     

季节性波浪动力作用下南湾弧形岸滩泥沙横向输运特征

响应季节性波候作用的泥沙输运特征是研究弧形海滩地貌变化及港工建筑的重要内容。基于南湾弧形海滩实际测量的冬、夏各11条剖面高程变化资料,将其划分为低潮间带、低中潮带、中潮带、高潮间带、低冲流带、中冲流带及其海滩后滨等7带,在此基础上利用经验正交函数(EOF)方法对各个带的体积变化进行分析,结果表明:1)南湾弧形海滩的泥沙以单向输运为主,并具有季节性变化特征,其中冬季泥沙在东南浪作用下,自陆向海输运,夏季泥沙在西南浪作用下自海向陆输运;2)南湾弧形海滩的泥沙分别在高潮带与中潮带、低冲流带与中冲流带之间存在频繁的双向输运;3)南湾弧形海滩不同岸段泥沙的横向输运因岬角的遮蔽能力、地形以及波浪作用的方向而有所差异。     

Coastline configuration and geomorphologic development mode of arc-shaped coast in South China

Coastline configuration indexes of 34 typical arc-shaped coasts in South China are investigated by the method of principal component analysis, and meanwhile deposition and geomorphologic features of arc-shaped coast are also analyzed. The results show: (1) The configuration of arc-shaped coast in South China is of the characteristic of variability and complexity. (2) The wave power and the openings of the bay are the decisive factors to result in the changes of the configuration of the arc-shaped coast in South China, however, incidence direction of the wave has no effect on configuration development of the coast. (3) Commonly, geomorphologic modes of the arc-shaped coast system in South China consist of barriers, lagoons and tidal-inlets, and can be divided into four types: the openings of the bay leaning to the east, the openings of the bay leaning to the south, the openings of the bay leaning to the west and the openings of the bay leaning to the north.     

泥石流冲击弧形拦挡坝动力响应研究

Dam foundation is subjected to a larger impact force when debris flow runs up, causing stress concentration and local impact failure. To address this problem, in this study the vertical structures are optimized into arc-shaped dams. Based on the principle of momentum and energy conservation, the theoretical calculations of the impact process of debris flow and arc-shaped dam are carried out, and the formulas of impact force and maximum run-up height of debris flow are deduced. The theoretical formulas are verified through a series of physical model tests of debris flow impact arc-shaped dam. The results show that the results of the physical model are highly consistent with those of the theoretical calculations, indicating that the proposed theoretical formulas are applicable in the calculation of the impact of debris flow on arc-shaped dam. The debris velocity, impact force and the maximum run-up height are proportional to the flume slope of debris flow. The impact force and the maximum run-up height are mainly controlled by Froude number(Fr), flume slope(?), and arc-shaped radius(R). Both the impact force and the maximum run-up height have quadratic relationships with the Froude number, and are inversely proportional to the cosine of the flume slope. Compared with the rigid vertical structures, the arc-shaped dams have no signicicant influence on the maximum run-up height, but it can reduce the normal impact force on the dam considerably, and the structure strength can also be enhanced by the strengthening of local structure. This study provides a theoretical and technical support for the dam structure design.     

基于VDRAS资料探究河北中南部一次弓状强飑线的演变和机理

利用常规气象资料、ERA5再分析资料、北京VDRAS资料以及雷达资料，对2021年7月31日发生在河北中南部的一次弓状强飑线过程进行分析。结果表明：（1）此次飑线过程发生在冷涡的背景下，500 hPa涡后的冷空气与850 hPa的暖脊叠加，建立了不稳定层结，在地面辐合线附近触发。（2）雷达回波由分散的对流单体合并加强，强弓形出现时，最大强度值超过55 dBZ，存在径向速度大值区和中层径向辐合等特征，这些都预示地面大风的出现，而回波悬垂预示冰雹出现。（3）雷达反演的风场可以显示飑线的水平和垂直结构，能清楚地指示飑线的出流、入流以及辐合区，对指示飑线不同部位的发展趋势有重要指示意义。（4）地面风场辐合导致雷暴单体触发，雷暴单体在不稳定的大气层结中获得快速发展，发展过程中0～3 km的垂直风切变逐渐增强，低层形成冷池，热力不均匀区域扩大，沿着扰动温度梯度大值区与风场辐合区，新生对流向东向南传播，分散对流单体合并演变为飑线。（5）从飑线发展阶段的热动力结构分析中发现，由倾斜上升气流与下沉气流形成垂直环流，下沉气流增强时，冷池效应增强，低层环境垂直风切变也增强，环境条件的改变是飑线发展的结果，同...