Participation of Danish and immigrant cleaners in a 1-year worksite intervention preventing physical deterioration

Worksite health promotion is seldom offered to workers who are low-educated and multi-ethnic, possibly due to an assumption that they are more reluctant to participate. Furthermore, little has been done to promote health at female-dominated workplaces. The main aim of this study was to investigate differences in participation among immigrant and Danish cleaners throughout a 1-year randomised controlled study tailored to cleaners and carried out in predominantly female workplaces. No significant differences in ethnicity were found in consent and participation throughout the 1-year intervention. Dropout was equally distributed among Danish and immigrant cleaners. This study indicates that a worksite health promotion intervention among a female-dominated, high-risk occupation such as cleaning can be equally appealing for Danes and immigrants. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: This study provides insight about participation of Danish and immigrant cleaners in a worksite health promotion intervention in a predominantly female occupation. For attaining high participation and low dropout in future worksite health promotion interventions among cleaners, the intervention ought to not only target the ethnic background of the workers, but also to be specifically tailored to the job group.     

A Review of :“Leu Accidents du Travail.” By JACQUES LEPLAT et XAVIER CUNY. (Paris: Presses Universities de France, 1974.( [Pp.128. £0·00.

Police officers spend large amounts of time performing duties within a police cruiser and report a high prevalence of musculoskeletal problems. This study evaluated the effects of driver seat and duty belt design on posture, pressure and discomfort. Ten male and 10 female university students attended two sessions involving simulated driving in a standard police seat (CV) and an active lumbar support (ALS) seat. Participants wore a full duty belt (FDB) or reduced duty belt (RDB) in each seat. Lumbar postures, driver-seat and driver-duty belt pressures and perceived discomfort were measured. Gender × Seat interactions were found for pelvic (p = 0.0001) and lumbar postures (p = 0.003). Females had more lumbar flexion than males and were more extended in the ALS seat (?9.8 ± 11.3°) than CV seat (?19.8 ± 9.6°). The FDB had greater seat pressure than the RDB (p < 0.0001), which corresponded to increased pelvis discomfort. This study supports the use of an ALS seat and RDB to reduce injury risk associated with prolonged sitting in police officers.

Practitioner Summary: Police officers report a high prevalence of musculoskeletal problems to the lower back, associated with prolonged driving and further investigation is needed to reduce injury risk. This simulated driving study investigated seat and duty belt configuration on biomechanical measures and discomfort. Seat design had the greatest impact, regardless of gender and males benefited more from a reduced belt configuration.     

基于机器视觉的运动行人检测系统研究

现代城市交通道路环境中的交通事故给人类社会带来的危害是不言而喻的,因此,如何尽可能地减少交通事故、降低交通事故所带给人们的损失越来越受到关注。为了能够有效地警告驾驶员避免与车辆附近的运动行人发生碰撞或刮擦,从而保护交通环境中的运动行人安全,运动行人检测技术的研究开发将为我国车辆安全辅助驾驶技术的研究提供有力的理论和技术支持。     

聚类分析法在城市公交行驶工况开发中的应用

摘要：针对昆明市161路混合动力公交客车实际行车数据,使用K—Means聚类分析法对运动学片段进行了分类,并构建了161路的行驶工况．研究表明：K—Means聚类分析法获得的两类运动学片段特征明显,分别反映了较为通畅和十分拥堵的交通状况;构建的行驶工况可以代表161路的实际行驶工况,具有怠速时间长、平均车速低、加减速所占比例高和车辆启停频繁的特点．     

驾驶员生理状态对驾驶行为差错的影响

根据驾驶行为的生理机制,建立了驾驶行为运动系统,并依据人的行为差错理论分析了驾驶行为过程中驾驶员的各种生理状态,以及生理状态导致的各种驾驶行为差错。通过分组调查470名驾驶员的生理状态导致的驾驶行为差错,应用主成份分析原理,得出驾驶员的生理状态对驾驶行为差错的影响。     

固体润滑轴承在烧结机台车卡轮上的应用

简要介绍了固体润滑轴承的润滑机理，及其在烧结机台车卡轮上的应用情况。该技术在鞍钢、攀钢、莱钢、沙钢等厂烧结机台车上使用后，大幅度减少了台车的维护量．降低了生产成本，取得了良好的经济效益。     

On assumptions associated with ΔKeff and their implications on FCG predictions

In this paper, an assessment of commonly used assumptions associated with ΔK_eff and their implications on FCG predictions in light of existing experimental and numerical data is presented. In particular, the following assumptions are examined: (1). ΔK_eff fully describes cyclic stresses and strains at the crack-tip vicinity. (2). K_op can be determined experimentally or numerically with certain accuracy. (3). Overload alters K_op but not K_max and associated σ_max at the crack-tip ‘process zone’. (4). Contact of crack faces curtails the crack driving force in terms of ΔK_eff.The analysis indicates that there is insufficient support to justify the above assumptions. In contrary, the analysis demonstrates that a two-parameter fatigue crack driving force in terms of ΔK and K_max, which accounts for both applied and the internal stresses should be used in FCG analyses and predictions.     

高职《电机与拖动》课程教学探讨

本文就如何提高学生的实践技能,适应社会发展需要,围绕高职《电机与拖动》课程展开教学讨论,并归纳出三步教学方法,取得了理想效果。