油罐外部腐蚀及防护技术

介绍了石油化工企业原油储罐和成品油储罐的外腐蚀情况和影响因素。外腐蚀主要包括罐顶、罐底板和外壁的腐蚀。根据有保温层和无保温层的具体情况,提出了适宜的防腐蚀措施。指出：在两种情况下,罐顶和罐壁的防护均应以涂料防护为主,但选择的涂层体系有所不同；罐底板的防护则应以电化学保护为主,并应根据具体情况分别选择牺牲阳极法和外加电流法。     

Active Corrosion of Sintered α-Silicon Carbide in Oxygen–Chlorine Gases at Elevated Temperatures

The active corrosion of sintered α-silicon carbide from heat exchanger tubes in the temperature range 900° to 1100°C in gas mixtures containing 2% Cl₂ by volume with additions of O₂ or H₂ has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and subsequent examination of the corrosion products. The presence of a small amount of oxygen accelerated rapid active corrosion in chlorine-containing gas mixtures, but the corrosion was suppressed by an active-to-passive transition when the concentration of oxygen in the gas mixture was too high. Low rates of attack were observed in the environments containing H₂ even when the chlorine potential was high. The concentration of oxygen necessary to produce the active-to-passive transition was found to vary from one material to another and may be related to the amount of excess carbon in the sintered silicon carbide.     

黄河多泥沙水体石油污染物自净实验研究

针对黄河泥沙对石油污染物的迁移转化影响这一突出特点 ,运用模拟实验方法 ,探讨了泥沙对石油污染物的吸附及石油污染物的挥发自净规律。实验结果表明 :泥沙对石油污染物的吸附速度很快 ,吸附量随着温度增加而降低 ,石油污染物具有很强的挥发自净能力。     

发射光谱法测定氧化镝中的14个稀土元素

用发射光谱法测定氧化镝中的 14个稀土元素 ,其中 Ce,Pr,Tb的检出限为0 .0 3%(质量分数 ,下同 ) ;L a,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Ho,Tm,L u的为 0 .0 1%;Er,Yb,Y的为0 .0 0 5%.该方法的相对标准偏差为 7.4 2 %～ 2 1.2 2 %( n=2 5) .     

Infrared Measurements of Heating and Cooling Emissions in Aluminium and Steel during Tensile and Cyclic Loading

In this paper,a new thermographic methodbased on the measurement of infrared emission(IR)from the surface of loaded body has been used tostudy the cooling and heating in aluminium andsteel specimens under tensile and cyclic loading.Atypical test procedure using infrared to measurethermographic changes near the crack tip and theimmediate surrounding area is described.In addi-tion,a procedure for determining the stress concen-tration near the crack tip is also presented.Resultsare given for thermoelastic cooling phenomenon ofmetals during the tensile process and IR coolingand IR heating emissions at the crack tip duringcyclic loading.Attention is drawn to the multiplephenomenon of IR cooling emission in the receivedsignal as the applied load range increases beyondthe elastic limit of both metals.A new applicationof the IR technique to the determination of the po-sition of crack tip during cyclic loading is also pres-ented.     

设备点检中需测量的重要参数

针对目前全国许多企业都在开展设备点检、巡检、状态检修等方面工作，结合邢台电厂开展点检的经验，通过对设备点检中重要参数如振动、温度、声响、噪声、超声、声发射等的介绍和描述，提醒企业在选择点检仪时应考虑仪器应具备的测量功能，尽可能选择测量功能齐全、测量部件全部内置、测量功能同点检仪显示部分整体校验的点检仪器，以达到测量数据的可靠、准确、完整，为状态检修和故障诊断提供有用数据。     

半导体可饱和吸收镜实现高频脉冲激光研究进展

介绍了作为固体激光器、半导体激光器和光纤激光器被动锁模吸收体的半导体可饱和吸收镜(SESAM)的基本原理和制作方法。详细阐述了利用半导体可饱和吸收镜对同体激光器和光泵垂直外腔面发射半导体激光器进行被动锁模，获得重复率为几吉赫到几百吉赫的超短脉冲激光的方法。     

Tetraphenylimidazole‐Based Excited‐State Intramolecular Proton‐Transfer Molecules for Highly Efficient Blue Electroluminescence

Aiming for highly efficient blue electroluminescence, we have designed and synthesized a novel class of tetraphenylimidazole‐ based excited‐state intramolecular proton‐transfer (ESIPT) molecules with covalently linked charge‐transporting functional groups (carbazole‐ and oxadiazole‐functionalized hydroxyl‐substituted tetraphenylimidazole (HPI), i.e., HPI‐Cbz and HPI‐Oxd, respectively). High T_g (ca. 130 °C) amorphous films of HPI‐Cbz and HPI‐Oxd showed intense and ideal blue‐light emission (λ_max = 462 and 468 nm, Φ_PL = 0.44 and 0.38) with a large Stokes shift of over 160 nm and a narrow full width at half‐maximum of less than 65 nm. Organic light‐emitting devices using HPI‐Cbz and HPI‐Oxd as the emitting layer generated an efficient blue electroluminescence (EL) emission peaking at around 460 nm with excellent CIE coordinates of (x, y) = (0.15, 0.11). A maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.94%, and a maximum brightness of 1 229 cd m⁻² at 100 mA cm⁻², as well as a low turn‐on voltage of 4.8 V were achieved in this work.     

液压传动系统油液污染分析与控制

为了提高液压系统的工作效率,分析了液压系统油液污染的起因及危害,介绍了污染物分析及测定的方法,论述了油液污染控制的一般方法,以确保机器液压和润滑系统的正常可靠运行。