非标准工况下空分设备增产氩的研究与实践

文章对非标准工况下的空分设备增产氩措施进行了研究。以宝钢6#60000m3/h空分设备为例,通过设计型算法和校核型算法,建立了空分设备精馏的数学模型,通过改变数学模型的参数,分析了在非标准工况下精馏塔内的组分浓度分布,并提出了优化后的操作方案和操作参数,实施后提高了空分设备的氩提取率,取得了显著的经济效益。     

MHD simulation of high-current subsonic vacuum arc under different distributed axial magnetic fields

Based on two-temperature magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) model, the influence of saddle-shaped distributed axial magnetic field (AMF, linearly increases along radial position) and bell-shaped distributed AMF (linearly decreases along radial position) on plasma loss and heat flux density to anode in subsonic high-current vacuum arc (HCVA) is simulated and analyzed. According to the simulation results, the saddle-shaped AMF can more effectively inhibit plasma loss from arc column than that of bell-shaped AMF. Comparisons between simulation results and experimental results further verify the correctness of model and simulation.     

液氮制冷低气压试验箱的仿真设计

在采用液氮制冷的低气压试验箱的设计中,用常规工程设计方法计算的降温过程冷负荷过大,从而导致真空系统设计容量过大。本文采用分布参数模型对试验箱低气压条件下降温过程的冷负荷进行了精确仿真模拟,以此作为真空系统容量设计的基础,减小了设计规模,取得了良好的效果。     

Reliability of structures in high dimensions, part I: algorithms and applications

The present paper is concerned with the estimation of structural reliability when a large number of random variables is present. A sampling technique which uses lines in order to probe the failure domain, is presented. The latter is employed in conjunction with a stepwise procedure which makes use of Markov Chains. The resulting algorithm exhibits accelerated convergence.     

深亚微米集成电路的快速时域仿真技术

随着深亚微米集成电路技术的发展，集成电路的规模越来越大，工作频率越来越高，并正朝着系统集成的方向发展，因而在模拟速度，模拟精度和可模拟的电路规模等各个方面对电路仿真技术提出了新的要求。近年来，各种新的电路仿真方法和仿真系统用相继脱颖百出，并将取代那些传统的，已经无法适应深亚微米技术发展的电路仿真器。     

波动方程正演模型及应用

本采用声波方程，通过四阶有限差分近似，实现了复杂地质构造零炮距的数值模拟。中同时展示实际应用效果。     

Characterization of hollow fiber membranes in a permeator using binary gas mixtures

We have studied the CO₂/CH₄ mixed gas permeation through hollow fiber membranes in a permeator. An approach to characterize the true separation performance of hollow fiber membranes for binary gas mixtures was provided based on experiments and simulations. Experiments were carried out to measure the retentate and permeate flow rates and compositions at each outlet. The influences of pressure drop within the hollow fibers, non-ideal gas behavior in the mixture and concentration polarization were taken into consideration in the mathematics model. The calculation results indicate that the net influence of the non-ideal gas behavior, competitive sorption and plasticization yields the calculated CO₂ permeance in a mixed gas permeator close to that obtained in pure gas tests. Whereas the CH₄ permeance is higher in the mixed gas tests than that in the pure gas tests, as the plasticization caused by CO₂ dominates the permeation process. As a result, the CO₂/CH₄ mixed gas selectivity is smaller than those obtained in pure gas tests at equivalent pressures.The calculated membrane performance shows little changes with stage cut if the effect of concentration polarization is accounted for in the calculation. The integration method developed in this study could provide more accurate characterizations of mixed gas permeance of hollow membranes than other estimation methods, as our model considers the roles of non-ideal gas behavior and concentration polarization properly.     

Use of Explosives on The Moon

The utilization of explosives for excavation on the lunar surface is under serious consideration as a part of the design for construction of temporary and permanent bases. An excavation research program has shown that small‐scale explosives blasting in a lunar‐soil simulant will greatly reduce the digging forces required for scoop and dragline excavators. Some crater‐blasting parameters were determined for the lunar soil simulant at one Earth gravity and at 10 Earth gravities using a centrifuge. The size of the craters produced at 10 Earth gs matched those formed at one earth g by scaling according to the weight of the explosive. These data can be applied to explosive‐excavation problems such as habitat construction, burial of nuclear power sources, and the rapid construction of shelters remote from the main base to shield against solar‐flare activity.     

换热网络数值模拟稳定性分析

换热网络的数值模拟在换热网络的定量分析中起着重要作用。但在模拟计算中,有时表现出数值稳定性差。提高数值稳定性的方法,目前多通过改善算法来实现。本文通过对换热网络数值模拟的误差分析,提出了误差放大因子的概念,并依此选择迭代变量。通过对迭代变量的选择,达到提高换热网络数值模拟稳定性的目的。