Measurement of O2-N2 binary sorption on 5A zeolite by isotope tracer and perturbation chromatography

Isotope tracer chromatography allows to extract simply and quickly multi component adsorption data and is demonstrated for single component and binary adsorption equilibria for O₂ and N₂ on 5A zeolite as an example. In this modification of conventional tracer chromatography, a small pulse of an isotope tracer is injected in an adsorbable carrier gas (pure or multicomponent mixture) flowing through a column filled with adsorbent and is designed to operate at almost uniform pressure. Isotherm parameters are readily extracted by fitting measurements of residence times at various pressures and carrier composition. The isotherms were in excellent agreement with volumetric measurements. Isotope tracer chromatography is shown to be superior to perturbation chromatography since the influence of the injection volume on the carrier gas composition is substantially smaller for tracer experiments. Unfortunately, this new improved gas chromatographic technique requires rather expensive isotopes. The strength of this new approach lies in the advantage of working with small adsorbent samples (1 g) making a rapid screening of newly developed materials possible.Nomenclature K _exp,tr,i experimental tracer adsorption constant (mol/kg pure adsorbent/Pa) - K _i Henry adsorption equilibrium constant (mol/kg pure adsorbent/Pa) - K _i,part partition coefficient - K _pert composite Henry constant (mol/kg pure adsorbent/Pa) - L column length (m) - L _i Langmuir adsorption constant (1/Pa) - n _i amount adsorbed on the solid (mol/kg adsorbent) - N _i adsorbent loading (Pa) - p total pressure (Pa) - p _i partial pressure of component i (Pa) - p _in column inlet pressure (Pa) - p _out column outlet pressure (Pa) - q _i amount of component i in the micropores (Pa) - R gas constant (J/mol/K) - t time (s) - T temperature (K) - v _f superficial velocity in adsorbent column (m/s) - v _out velocity at the outlet of the column (m/s) - V _inlet volumetric flow rate at inlet conditions (ml/s) - x molar fraction of tracer - y molar fraction of component i in the carrier gas - z axial coordinate (m) Greek letters _ext bed voidage, external porosity - _macr macropore porosity [_macr= _p (1–_ext)] - _micr micropore porosity - _tot total porosity - _p pellet porosity - volume fraction of binder material - _d dead time (s) - _tracer tracer residence time (s) - _pert perturbation residence time (s) - _crys crystal density (kg/m³)     

模块化免疫神经网络平衡态检测模型*

基于神经网络原理、免疫系统和遗传算法的相关机理,构造了一个网络安全平衡器。该平衡器建立了抗原与抗体平衡态检测的数学模型、抗原与抗体的促进和抑制函数,提出了安全平衡态的概念,给出了抗原与抗体浓度的计算公式和模块化多层分类处理模型,利用促进、抑制函数和遗传算法适应度函数使已受攻击的网络再次达到一种新的安全平衡状态,这为网络安全提供了一个新的途径。理论证明网络安全方案是有效的。     

具有隔离接种且传染率为非线性的传染病模型的稳定性

研究一类具有预防接种、隔离且传染率依赖于易感人口的SIQRS传染病模型,给出确定疾病消亡和持续生存的基本再生数σ．在一定条件下证明无病平衡点的全局稳定性,得到唯一地方病平衡点的存在性和局部渐近稳定条件．     

Evolutionarily Cooperative Stable of Science ＆ Technology Alliance Under Self-organized Organization

The cooperative evolutionary stability under self-organized organization is discussed in this paper. The differences between the objects studied by cooperative game theory and the ones studied by cooperative game in science & technology alliance are analyzed. The mutant probability of agent’s utility under endogenous technical factor condition is analyzed. By clarifying the connotation of Pareto-dominate institution in cooperative game, the efficient and feasible managerial definition of Pareto-dominate Ins...     

KKM映射和KKM型定理及其相关结果

简要介绍古典的KKM映射的演变过程和KKM理论的发展历史,并给出利用KKM型定理得到的最近的一些重要研究成果,以进一步了解和掌握并研究KKM理论．     

污泥吸附动力学与平衡模型的实验研究

采用好氧和厌氧污泥进行污泥的生物吸附实验,研究好氧与厌氧污泥吸附动力学和吸附平衡模型。研究表明:好氧和厌氧污泥的吸附过程中,颗粒内扩散是污泥吸附的主要限速阶段,但它不是唯一的限速因素。好氧和厌氧污泥的假二级反应模型比一级、二级反应模型更能描述污泥的吸附过程。Langmuir和Freundlich的吸附平衡方程都适合描述厌氧和好氧污泥的吸附平衡过程。     

人民币汇率问题研究——从实际有效汇率角度探索

当前关于人民币汇率的问题很受人们关注,国际社会要求人民币汇率升值的呼声日益高涨。本文通过计算人民币实际有效汇率,然后分析其对我国经济影响,并重点分析了1994年汇率制度改革的成效,通过实证分析认为人民币汇率改革的方向是均衡汇率。     

一种基于非光滑信赖域理论的经济学均衡问题新算法

针对一般经济均衡问题模型,将其转换为非线性互补问题模型,提出了应用非光滑信赖域算法对其进行求解的新方法.在适当的条件下,证明了此算法是全局收敛的,并通过数值试验表明该算法是可行有效的.     

简单电力系统暂态电压稳定的直接分析法

对综合负荷采用三阶感应电动机并联恒阻抗动态模型,构建了简单电力系统暂态电压稳定分析的微分代数方程组(DAE)模型,并采用非线性动力系统理论计算系统故障后稳定平衡点的吸引域。针对采用牛顿法求取系统不稳定平衡点碰到的初值选取问题,通过对综合负荷感应电动机部分采用其稳态等值电路来求得不稳定平衡点;并采用将非线性系统化为规范型线性系统的方法求得系统故障后稳定平衡点的吸引域边界;进而只须仿真得到故障切除时刻系统的状态即可判断系统能否保持电压稳定。通过与系统全故障过程仿真结果的比较验证了本文方法的正确性。     

一类有理差分方程的全局渐近稳定性

通过研究一类有理差分方程的唯一的正平衡解的性态,进一步证明了此类差分方程的唯一正平衡解是全局渐近稳定的.