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Yukio Takahata Naoki Koyama Michael A. Huffman Koshi Norikoshi Hisayo Suzuki 《Primates; journal of primatology》1995,36(4):571-574
Based on a sample of 237 live births recorded over a period of 30 years, a tendency for longer interbirth intervals following
the birth of daughters than sons was recognized, in the provisioned Arashiyama troop of Japanese macaques. This may indicate
that female infants were more costly to produce than male infants. This tendency seemed to be independent of a mother’s rank. 相似文献
44.
H. Matsuoka H.-C. Yang T. Homma Y. Nemoto S. Yamada O. Sumita K. Takatori H. Kurata 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1995,43(1):102-108
Congo red was found to be feasible as a microscopic fluorescence indicator of hyphal growth at the single-hypha level. When 1 m Congo red was applied to mold of Aspergillus niger, the dye was found to a specific cell-wall component, chitin, without causing any inhibitory effect on hyphal growth. The bound Congo red emitted fluorescence at 614 nm. This binding reaction, however, proceeded more slowly than the growing speed of hypha. Consequently the fluorescence intensity was low at the apex where the surface area of the hypha was expanding rapidly. In contrast, as an apex where the growth was retarded, the fluorescence intensity became remarkably high. Therefore growing hyphae could be distinguished from non-growing hyphae by using Congo red. 相似文献
45.
Elucidation of the mechanism enhancing the avidity of lectin with oligosaccharides on the solid phase surface 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
The mechanism underlying molecular recognition of lectins waselucidated by a novel solid phase binding assay system basedon surface plasmon resonance. When the apparent affinities ofinteractions between chitooligosaccharides and wheat germ agglutininwere compared between lectin-immobilized and oligosaccharide-immobilizedassay systems, the affinity constants (Ka) calculated for theformer system were in good agreement with the previously reportedvalues measured in solution. On the other hand, in the lattersystem, the calculated Ka could be more than 10,000 times higherthan the values in solution at lower lee tin concentrations.To elucidate the reason for this, we systematically investigatedthe effects of the oligosaccha-ride immobilized density andthe lectin valence on the apparent affinity in the oligosaccharide-immobilizedassay system. Both the apparent association (kass) and dissociationrate constants (kdiss) showed a tendency to decrease as theoligosaccharide density increased. This effect was most remarkablefor the interaction possessing an extremely fast intrinsic Kass.Oligomerization of lectin enhanced the avidity due to a significantreduction in kdiss. These phenomena could be explained by consideringthe nonhomogeneous conditions under which binding occurred.The reaction in a nonhomogeneous state is limited by the masstransport effect, and the effect of rebinding becomes so largethat it cannot be disregarded. These findings are the firstto demonstrate the importance of the mass transport effect inmodulating the affinity of lectin for oligosaccharides on asolid phase surface. avidity clustering effect lectin mass transport surface plasmon resonance 相似文献
46.
Physical effects of negative air ions in a wet sauna 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
I. Watanabe Hiroshi Noro Yoshinori Ohtsuka Yukio Mano Yuko Agishi 《International journal of biometeorology》1997,40(2):107-112
The physical effects of negative air ions on humans were determined in an experimental sauna room equipped with an ionizer.
Thirteen healthy persons took a wet sauna bath (dry bulb temperature 42° C, relative humidity 100%, 10 min exposure) with
or without negative air ions. The subjects were not told when they were being exposed to negative air ions. There were no
differences in the moods of these persons or changes in their blood pressures between the two saunas. The surface temperatures
of the foreheads, hands, and legs in the sauna with negative ions were significantly higher than those in the sauna without
ions. The pulse rates and sweat produced in the sauna with ions were singificantly higher than those in the sauna without
ions. The results suggest that negative ions may amplify the effects on humans of the sauna.
Received: 31 March 1995 / Revised: 25 July 1995 / Accepted: 26 July 1996 相似文献
47.
Yukio Ishikawa 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》1995,28(4):387-396
Cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the onion maggot, Delia antiqua, was purified to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by anion exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and gel filtration chromatographies. Native molecular mass was estimated as 32,000 daltons. SDS-PAGE revealed only one subunit of 16,000 daltons, indicating that SOD is a homodimer. Isoelectric focusing revealed 3 charge isomers of pls 5.3, 5.5, and 5.7. The specific activity of purified SOD was 4,250 U/mg protein. A monoclonal antibody (MAb, aSOD2B7) raised against Delia SOD recognized only SOD of the same genus, but another MAb (aSOD1H11) recognized SOD of Drosophila melanogaster as well. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
48.
Yoshiaki Inayama Izumi Tomiyama Hitoshi Kitamura Yukio Nakatani Takaaki Ito Akinori Nozawa Yasuhiro Usuda Masayoshi Kanisawa 《Histochemistry and cell biology》1995,104(3):191-198
The purpose of this study was to investigate alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) reactivity in rabbit airway epithelial cells. Acetone-fixed, methyl benzoate and xylene-cleared (AMeX-treated) paraffin sections of trachea, bronchus, and lung tissue were stained by an azo dye coupling method for ALPase and examined by light microscopy. Electron histochemical staining was also performed in order to study the sensitivity and specificity of reactivity in each cell type. ALPase reactivity at the light microscopic level was observed exclusively in trachco-bronchial basal cells, and not in bronchiolar basal cells. By electron microscopy, ALPase reactivity was noted in 97.9% of basal cells in the trachea, 97.0% of basal cells in the bronchus, and 94.5% of basal cells and 15.4% of Clara cells in the bronchiole. This was also true for dispersed tracheal epithelial cells. Reactivity was rarely observed in ciliated cells, non-goblet-type secretory cells, and undetermined cells. The reactivity was heatlabile, levamisole-sensitive, and of a non-specific type. These findings indicate that basal cells of rabbit trachea and bonchus have fairly high specificity for ALPase of a non-specific isozyme (92.2% and 95.6%, respectively). Therefore, ALPase is considered to be a useful marker for these cells. 相似文献
49.
S Kanegasaki Y Kojima M Matsuura J Y Homma A Yamamoto Y Kumazawa K Tanamoto T Yasuda T Tsumita M Imoto 《European journal of biochemistry》1984,143(2):237-242
Lipid A analogues were chemically synthesized based on the model structure recently revised, and biological activities of the analogues were tested. The analogue, (beta-1,6)-linked glucosamine disaccharide carrying ester-bound 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids at 3 and 3' position of reducing and nonreducing glucosamine in addition to amide-bound 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids and glycosidic-linked and ester-linked phosphate groups, showed much stronger activities for mediator inducing and immunomodulating as well as endotoxic activities than those exhibited by the previously synthesized analogues based on the old model. Among the activities tested, induction of interferon and tumor necrosis factor as well as mitogenicity, adjuvanticity and pyrogenicity were, however, not expressed so strongly as natural lipid A used as controls. In contrast, the analogue exhibited comparable activities to those of control lipid A in the test of lethal toxicity to mice and gelating activity of Limulus amebocyte lysate. Other synthetic analogues carrying a phosphate group showed comparable, slightly stronger or weaker activities depending on the test, but nonphosphorylated analogue exhibited no apparent or only very weak activities. 相似文献
50.