寒颤对呼吸道复温作用的影响

目的：检测寒颤对呼吸道复温的影响。方法：采用冷水浸泡降温和注射卡肌宁抑制寒颤的方法建立抑制寒颤的低体温犬模型。受试犬吸湿热空气（40．45℃,RH99．9％）及室温空气（19±1℃,RH30％～75％）复温各2h,不同温度空气复温的先后顺序随机安排。复温4h后,加压呼吸湿热空气复温使其恢复自主呼吸,继续呼吸湿热空气复温直至直肠温度（Tr）和食道温度（Te）恢复入水时温度。实验过程中采用间接测热法测定代谢产热量。结果：①抑制寒颤时,吸湿热空气2h可使Tr和Te平均每小时分别增高0．26～0．39℃和0．44—1．11℃,吸室温空气2h可使Tr和re平均每小时分别降低0．24-0．51℃和0．58～0．67℃,Tr和Te的变化与呼吸不同温度空气的先后顺序无关。②有寒颤、自主呼吸湿热空气时,Tr和Te的复温速度分别为2．26～2．33℃／h和1．96～2．38℃／h,较抑制寒颤、呼吸湿热空气时明显加快。③与抑制寒颤、加压呼吸湿热空气时的代谢产热量比较,受试犬恢复寒颤自主呼吸湿热空气时代谢产热量明显增高,使复温速度明显加快。结论：呼吸道复温有助于低体温机体复温。寒颤时机体代谢产热量明显增高,使复温速度明显加快。因此,检测呼吸道复温作用时应抑制寒颤,排除寒颤产热的干扰。     

长时程增强诱导和维持过程中海马CA1区神经细胞粘附分子蛋白水平与mRNA表达的变化

既往研究发现,神经细胞粘附分子(neural cell adhesion molecules,NCAM)对海马CA1区突触传递长时程增强(longterm potentiation,LTP)的诱导和维持极为关键。本文采用原位杂交法和Western blot法,观察了大鼠海马腑片LTP诱导和维持过程中NCAM mRNA和蛋白水平的动态变化过程。结果显示,强直刺激诱发fEPSP斜率升高10 min时,海马CA1区NCAM mRNA染色阳性神经元数量显著增加(76.6±11.5个),NCAM蛋白水平亦明显升高(7.190±0.64任意单位/50μg蛋白)。强直刺激诱发fEPSP斜率升高1 h时,NCAM mRNA染色阳性神经元数量为73.3±14.0个,NCAM蛋白量为9.031±0.71任意单位/50 μg蛋白;与强直刺激后10 min比较,NCAM mRNA表达无显著变化,而NCAM蛋白水平变化明显。NMDA受体特异阻断剂AP-5在损害LTP的同时,显著抑制NCAM mRNA和蛋白的增加。实验结果表明,在大鼠海马LTP诱导和维持过程中,NCAM mRNA增强的表达相对稳定,而NCAM蛋白水平呈现先低后高的变化。     

Involvement of regulatory volume decrease in the migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

The transwell chamber migration assay and CCD digital camera imaging techniques were used to investigate the relationship between regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and cell migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2Z cells). Both migrated and non-migrated CNE-2Z cells, when swollen by 47% hypotonic solution, exhibited RVD which was inhibited by extracellular application of chloride channel blockers adenosine 5‘-triphosphate (ATP), 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) and tamoxifen. However, RVD rate in migrated CNE-2Z cells was bigger than that of non-migrated cells and the sensitivity of migrated cells to NPPB and tamoxifen was higher than that of nonmigrated cells. ATP, NPPB and tamoxifen also inhibited migration of CNE-2Z cells. The inhibition of migration was positively correlated to the blockage of RVD, with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99, suggesting a functional relationship between RVD and cell migration. We conclude that RVD is involved in cell migration and RVD may play an important role in migratory process in CNE-2Z cells.     

Fluorescent labeling for clonal selection of Marc 145 cells secreting high levels of recombinant protein PBD-1

Despite the powerful impact gene expression markers like the green fluorescent protein (GFP) or enhanced GFP (EGFP) exert on linking the expression of recombinant protein for selection of high producers in recent years, there is still a strong incentive to develop more economical and efficient methods for isolating mammalian cell clones secreting high levels of recombinant proteins. Here we present a new method based on the co-expression of EGFP that allows clonal selection in standard 96-well cell culture plates. The genes encoding the EGFP protein and the related protein are linked by an internal ribosome entry site and thus are transcribed into the same mRNA in an independent translation process. Since both proteins arise from a common mRNA, the EGFP expression level correlates with the expression level of the therapeutic protein in each clone. By expressing recombinant porcine β-defensin 1 in Marc 145 cells, we demonstrate the robustness and performance of this technique. The method can be served as an alternative to identify high-producer clones with various cell sorting methods.     

美引烤烟品种NC102品质特征分析

通过对美引烤烟品种NC102、红花大金元和K326的化学成分、致香成分和感官评吸比较分析,进一步明晰了NC102的品质特征.NC102品种烤烟在石油醚提取物总量及新植二烯含量上具有明显优势,清甜香气风格突出,与K326比,在香气的细腻度、圆润性、飘逸感方面优于K326品种,在叶组配方中可以用作次主料使用.     

怀孕前后酒精摄入对雌鼠植入前胚胎DNA甲基化模式建立的影响

女性怀孕前后饮酒会对胎儿的发育及神经系统造成不利影响,称为“胎儿酒精综合征”（fetal alcohol spectrum disorders,FASD）。小鼠通常作为研究该病的动物模型。该实验采用体外培养技术及体内冲胚法研究雌鼠怀孕前后酒精摄入对各期植入前胚胎全基因组DNAT基化模式建立的影响。小鼠植入前胚胎体外培养实验发现,体外实验组I（怀孕前酒精处理组1,除8-cell外,其他各期胚胎的DNA甲基化水平明显低于体外对照组;体外实验组II（正常胚胎在含乙醇的培养基中培养）,各期植入前胚胎DNA甲基化水平均明显低于体外对照组。体内实验发现,体内实验组I（怀孕前酒精处理组）与体内的实验组II（怀孕后酒精处理组）,各期植入前胚胎DNA甲基化水平明显低于体内对照组。体内、外实验结果表明：受精前后酒精对各期植入前胚胎DNA甲基化模式的正确建立造成紊乱,该结果可为进一步揭示FSAD发病机制提供一定的实验基础。     

Stereoselective Accumulation of Propranolol Enantiomers in K562 and K562/ADR Cells

The stereoselective uptake of propranolol enantiomers was investigated by using the K562 and K562 adriamycin‐resistant cell line (K562/ADR) as a model. An enantioselective RP‐HPLC method was applied to determine the accumulation of propranolol (PPL) stereoisomers in K562 and K562/ADR cells. The concentration, time and temperature dependent studies showed that the accumulation of S‐(?)‐PPL was higher than R‐(+)‐PPL in K562 cells and uptake of R‐(+)‐PPL was significantly higher than that of S‐(?)‐PPL in K562/ADR cells. The results indicate the enantioselective accumulation of propranolol enantiomers in K562 and K562 / ADR cells. Chirality 25:361–364, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

北京市5种园林树木蒸腾作用模拟研究

通过对北京市园林5种常用乔木,国槐（Sophora japonica）、银杏（Ginkgo biloba）、白蜡（Fraxinus chinensis）、杜仲（Eucommia ulmoides）和臭椿（Ailanthus altissima）等植物蒸腾作用与周围环境气象因子（温度、湿度、太阳有效辐射）及植株叶面积指数相关关系的研究,利用Javis公式计算冠层气孔阻力,同时采用PM公式计算冠层蒸腾速率和植株日蒸腾量,并分析不同乔木的冠层气孔导度对环境主要驱动因子的响应规律。结果表明：5种被观测乔木中,国槐耗水量最大,白蜡耗水量最小,植株蒸腾量大小依次为国槐〉银杏〉杜仲〉臭椿〉白蜡（P＜0．01）。植物叶片气孔导度及蒸腾量与环境驱动因子太阳辐射及水气压亏缺的相关关系表明,在土壤水分条件较好时,国槐长势优于其它4种乔木,但是其对水分的利用不够经济,在干旱的情况下不能有效节水。     

Graphene and graphene oxide: biofunctionalization and applications in biotechnology

Graphene is the basic building block of 0D fullerene, 1D carbon nanotubes, and 3D graphite. Graphene has a unique planar structure, as well as novel electronic properties, which have attracted great interests from scientists. This review selectively analyzes current advances in the field of graphene bioapplications. In particular, the biofunctionalization of graphene for biological applications, fluorescence-resonance-energy-transfer-based biosensor development by using graphene or graphene-based nanomaterials, and the investigation of graphene or graphene-based nanomaterials for living cell studies are summarized in more detail. Future perspectives and possible challenges in this rapidly developing area are also discussed.