全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7182篇 |
免费 | 640篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
学科分类
生物科学 | 7825篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 42篇 |
2022年 | 83篇 |
2021年 | 151篇 |
2020年 | 94篇 |
2019年 | 116篇 |
2018年 | 144篇 |
2017年 | 156篇 |
2016年 | 243篇 |
2015年 | 371篇 |
2014年 | 420篇 |
2013年 | 529篇 |
2012年 | 534篇 |
2011年 | 517篇 |
2010年 | 325篇 |
2009年 | 297篇 |
2008年 | 432篇 |
2007年 | 435篇 |
2006年 | 388篇 |
2005年 | 353篇 |
2004年 | 368篇 |
2003年 | 329篇 |
2002年 | 318篇 |
2001年 | 68篇 |
2000年 | 53篇 |
1999年 | 76篇 |
1998年 | 83篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 69篇 |
1995年 | 53篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 45篇 |
1991年 | 34篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 31篇 |
1988年 | 25篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 34篇 |
1983年 | 33篇 |
1982年 | 32篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 27篇 |
1977年 | 18篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1974年 | 15篇 |
1973年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有7825条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
Quantitative samples were used to investigate density, biomass and annual production of the benthic invertebrate fauna in a small Danish stream. Forty-eight taxa were found and the total invertebrate densities varied from 3 810 m?2 in July to 20 040 m?2 in December. The total mean annual biomass of the invertebrate fauna was 6.1 g ash-free dry wt m?2. The annual production of the invertebrates was estimated from their mean annual biomass and their annual P/B ratio. Production of the primary consumers (herbivores and detritivores) was 21.4 g ash-free dry wt m?2 y?1 and of secondary consumers (carnivores) 1.1 g m?2 y?1. The amount of invertebrate production available to the trout population and the importance of the species as food for trout are discussed. 相似文献
33.
Ciliated Receptors in the Pharyngeal Terminal Buds of Larval Lampetra planeri (Bloch) (Cyclostomata)
Erik Baatrup 《Acta zoologica》1983,64(1):67-75
Terminal buds on the gill arches of larval Lampetra planeri have been investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Each terminal bud is composed of two types of elongated cells, which extend from an apical depression to the basal lamina; one type bears a pair of cilia and the other, microvilli. In addition there are peripheral and basal cells. Nerve-fibre profiles are lacking within the terminal bud epithelium and contacts between nerves and ciliated cells are established through holes in the basal lamina. The presence of ciliated receptor cells with such a mode of innervation presents a distinct contrast to the morphology of the taste buds of gnathostome vertebrates. 相似文献
34.
Abstract: D, L(±)-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) labelled with three deuterium atoms was used to study turnover of plasma free HMPG following an intravenous injection. Ten healthy men were given a pulse dose of either 4.3 μmol or 2.2 μmol of labelled HMPG ([2H3]HMPG piperazine salt). Plasma and urine levels of both endogenous and labelled HMPG were subsequently followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected ion detection. Kinetic calculations based upon a single-compartment model were consistent with a monoexponential elimination of plasma free HMPG. The half-life of HMPG was 0.46 and 0.78 h (mean values in the two dose groups). The HMPG production rate was 2.01 and 2.35 μmol/hour, and the urinary excretion rate of HMPG (free and conjugated) was 0.48 and 0.47 μmol/h. The endogenous plasma level of free HMPG was 25 and 33 nmol/L. The results show that HMPG turns over rapidly and that HMPG is further metabolized extensively. About one-fourth of the HMPG produced is excreted in urine as free and conjugated HMPG. 相似文献
35.
From the Silberberg Quarry, type locality of the Silberberg Formation (Martini &Ritzkowski 1968), some planktonic foraminifera are described:Globigerina officinalis Subbotina, Globigerina ouachitaensisHowe &Wallace,G. praebulloides leroyi Blow &Banner, G.praebulloides occlusa Blow &Banner which taxa are here suggested to form intergrading morphotypes within the range of variation of a population dominated byG. officinalis. In addition,G. cf.danvillensis Howe &Wallace is found. The planktonic fauna, together with some elements in the benthonic fauna, suggests a possible correlation with the Danville Landing Member of the Jackson Formation, Louisiana, traditionally ascribed to the Upper Eocene. There is some similarity with European Uppermost Eocene — Lower Oligocene faunas described by various authors. The Silberberg Formation was suggested to be a Neostratotype for the Latdorfian Stage of the Lower Oligocene byMartini &Ritzkowski (1968). It is suggested that the Silberberg Formation may well be coeval with the Upper Priabonian as proposed byCita 1969. 相似文献
36.
Erik Peper 《Biological cybernetics》1970,7(3):107-112
Summary Experiments with feedback stimulation triggered from the subject's electroencephalogram result in changing the sequential time series of intervals of occipital alpha and intervals of little or no alpha EEG activity. The rate of recurrence of alpha and no-alpha EEG can be changed by regulating the external feedback stimuli or by asking the subject to change his internal state. Four different paradigms were investigated and the results interpreted in terms of the hypothesis that oculomotor functions regulate the occurrence and nonoccurrence of alpha.This work was supported by NIGMS Grants 5 PO1 GM 14940-04 and GM 15006-03.Most of this research was conducted at the Perception Laboratory, Veterans' Administration Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts, with the cooperation of Dr. Thomas B. Mulholland. 相似文献
37.
Erik Schwarzbach 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1968,38(7):301-303
Zusammenfassung Die Schätzung der Varianzkomponenten bei Versuchen mit festen Variabilitätsursachen, z. B. bei der Prüfung von Sorten, Behandlungen usw., ist nur dann sinnvoll, wenn die Varianzkomponenten so definiert sind, daß ihre Summe der Gesamtvarianz gleich ist, d. h. daß sie sich additiv verhalten. Will man die so definierten Varianzkomponenten erwartungstreu schätzen, muß man die Überhöhung der mittleren Quadrate, die durch Division mit Freiheitsgraden statt mit der Gruppenzahl entstanden ist, wieder korrigieren. Diese Korrektion entfällt bei der Schätzung der Varianz von Zufallswirkungen.Die Erwartungswerte der mittleren Quadrate der üblichen varianzanalytischen Zerlegung und die erwartungstreuen Schätzungen der additiv definierten Varianzkomponenten werden am Beispiel eines Versuches mit zwei konstanten Variabilitätsursachen und einer Zufallseinwirkung dargelegt.
Estimating variance components in a fixed model of variance analysis
Summary The partition of a variance into components in experiments with fixed effects, i.e. experiments with varieties, treatment etc., is meaningful only if components are defined as additive parts of a whole. This also demands that the sum of the components of variance be equal to the total variance. Such additivity of the components of variance is achieved by appropriate definitions of the components of variance. Unbiassed estimates of the additively defined components of variance are obtained by a simple correction which eliminates the influence of degrees of freedom on the calculation of mean squares. This correction is not needed for the estimation of variances of random effects.The expected values of mean squares for the partition of variance and formulas for unbiassed estimates of additively defined components of variance are demonstrated in an experiment with two fixed effects and one random effect.相似文献
38.
Monotropa Hypopitys L. — an Epiparasite on Tree Roots 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
39.
40.
The inhibiting effect of 14 typical creosote compounds on the aerobic degradation of toluene was studied in batch experiments. Four NSO-compounds (pyrrole, 1-methylpyrrole, thiophene, and benzofuran) strongly inhibited the degradation of toluene. When the NSO-compounds were present together with toluene, little or no degradation of toluene was observed during 16 days of incubation, compared with a total removal of toluene within 4 days when the four compounds were absent. Indole (an N-compound) and three phenolic compounds (phenol, o-cresol, and 2,4-dimethylphenol) also inhibited the degradation of toluene, though the effect was much weaker that of the four NSO-compounds. O-xylene, p-xylene, naphthalene and 1-methylnaphthalene seemed to stimulate the degradation even though the influence was very weak. No effects of benzothiophene (an S-compound) and quinoline (an N-compound) were observed. Benzofuran (an O-compound) was identified as the compound that most inhibited the degradation of toluene. An effect could be detected even at low concentrations (40 g/l).Abbreviations bf
benzofuran
- bt
benzothiophene
- dmp
2,4-dimethylphenol
- GC
gas chromatograph
- ind
indole
- mnap
1-methylnaphthalene
- MAH
monoaromatic hydrocarbons
- mpyr
1-methylpyrrole
- nap
naphthalene
-
o-cre
o-cresol
-
o-xyl
o-xylene
- phe
phenol
- pyr
pyrrole
-
p-xyl
p-xylene
- tol
toluene
- thi
thiophene
- qui
quinoline 相似文献