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91.
Characterization of dinucleotide and trinucleotide EST-derived microsatellites in the wheat genome 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Over the past decade microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have attracted a considerable amount of attention from
researchers. The aim of the present paper was to analyse expressed sequence tag-derived SSR (EST-SSR) marker variability in
wheat and to investigate the relationships between the number and type of repeat units and the level of microsatellite polymorphism.
Two hundred and forty-one new EST-SSR markers available in a public database () were characterized in eight durum wheat cultivars (Svevo, Ciccio, Primadur, Duilio, Meridiano, Claudio, Latino, Messapia),
two accessions of Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides (MG4343, MG29896), one accession of T. turgidum var. dicoccum (MG5323) and in the common wheat cv. Chinese Spring. Of these, 201 primer pairs (83.4%) amplified PCR products successfully,
while the remaining 40 (16.6%) failed to amplify any product. Of the EST-SSRs analysed, 45.2% of the primer pairs amplified
one or two PCR products. Multiple discrete PCR products were observed among both di- and trinucleotide EST-SSR markers (31.2
and 40.5%, respectively). Markers based on dinucleotide microsatellites were more polymorphic than those based on trinucleotide
SSRs in the 12 wheat genotypes tested (68.9 and 52.7%, respectively). An average of 2.5 alleles for dinucleotide and 2.0 alleles
for trinucleotide SSRs was observed. The data reported in the present work indicate the presence of a significant relationship
between motif sequence types and polymorphism. The primer set based on the AG repeat motif showed the lowest percentage of
polymorphism (55.0%), while the primer set based on the AC repeat motif showed t he highest percentage (85.0%). Among trinucleotide
SSRs, the AGG microsatellite markers showed the highest percentage of polymorphism (70.0%), and the ACG motif the lowest value
(25.0%). The characterization of these new EST-SSR markers and the results of our studyon the effect of repeat number and
type of motifs could have important applications in the genetic analysis of agronomically important traits, quantitative trait
locus discovery and marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
92.
Jorge Durán Alexandra Rodríguez José María Fernández-Palacios Antonio Gallardo 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2009,45(7):781-788
The concern that climate change may increase fire frequency and intensity has recently heightened the interest in the effects
of wildfires on ecosystem functioning. Although short-term fire effects on forest soils are well known, less information can
be found on the long-term effects of wildfires on soil fertility. Our objective was to study the 17-year effect of wildfires
on forest net mineralization rates and extractable inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations. We hypothesize
that (1) burned forest stands should exhibit lower net mineralization rates than unburned ones; (2) these differences would
be greatest during the growing season; (3) differences between soil variables might also be observed among plots from different
years since the last fire; and (4) due to fire-resistant geochemical processes controlling P availability, this nutrient should
recover faster than N. We used a wildfire chronosequence of natural and unmanaged Pinus canariensis forests in La Palma Island (Canary Islands). Soil samples were collected during winter and spring at 22 burned and unburned
plots. We found significantly higher values for net N mineralization and extractable N pools in unburned plots. These differences
were higher for the winter sampling date than for the spring sampling date. Unlike extractable N and N mineralization rates,
extractable P levels of burned plots exhibited a gradual recovery over time after an initial decrease. These results demonstrate
that P. canariensis forest soils showed low resilience after wildfires, especially for N, and that this disturbance might induce long-term changes
in ecosystem functioning. 相似文献
93.
Reyes Tárrega Leonor Calvo Ángela Taboada Elena Marcos José Antonio Marcos 《European Journal of Forest Research》2011,130(6):949-957
We compared the structure of the arboreal layer and the diversity and species composition of the understory vegetation of
three types of mature forest communities: oak (Quercus pyrenaica) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) plantations. Our main aim was to determine whether differences in these variables existed and were due to the identity of
the dominant tree species. We selected four stands or replicates per forest type located geographically close and with relatively
similar conditions. We found no differences in the arboreal structure of oak and beech forests, which were characterised by
great variability in tree size, while in case of plantations, this variability was lower at both the intra-stand (estimated
by the coefficient of variation) and inter-stand (i.e. the four replicates harboured trees of similar sizes) scales. However,
the highest variability in the canopy layer of natural forests was not consistently linked to greater understory species richness.
Indeed, the lowest plant species richness was found in beech forests, while oak forests harboured the highest value at either
the sampling unit (per m2) or stand scales. The greatest negative correlation between plant diversity and the environmental variables measured was
found for litter depth, which was the highest in beech forests. The results obtained by the CCA indicated that the four replicates
of each forest type clustered together, due to the presence of characteristic species. We concluded that pine plantations
did not approach the environmental conditions of native forests, as plantations were characterised by singular understory
species composition and low arboreal layer variability, compared to natural woodlands. 相似文献
94.
95.
Jesús Enrique Retes-Manjarrez Sergio Hernández-Verdugo Alexandre Evrard José Antonio Garzón-Tiznado 《Euphytica》2017,213(12):275
Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus (PHYVV) is the main virus of pepper crop in Mexico. No resistant cultivars are available and resistance breeding is hampered by the lack of knowledge of heritability (h 2) of PHYVV resistance. This is a continuation of previous studies and the objectives were to analyze the h 2 and the behavior of the resistant trait to PHYVV. Four resistant assays were done with three resistant wild lines (UAS12, UAS13 and UAS10) of Capsicum annuum in the S4, S5, S6 and S7 generation under greenhouse conditions. Plants from all tests were inoculated with PHYVV through Bemisia tabaci. Line UAS12 was the most resistant showing a significantly proportion of resistant plants, less disease symptoms and longer incubation time, followed by the lines UAS13 and UAS10 in all assays. Distribution of symptoms showed a bimodal tendency in all the trials, suggesting that two groups of genes are involved in this resistance trait. The lines UAS12, UAS13 and UAS10 showed the same pattern of response to selection with an average of h 2 of 0.17, 0.06, 0.02 and 0.00 in the S4, S5, S6 and S7, respectively. These results indicate that all lines responded positively to the selection in the S4, S5 and S6, whereas in the S7 there was no response by the possible exhaustion of variation. Line UAS12 is the most promising genotype and the lines UAS13 and UAS10 are genetic resources that can be supplemented to breed the resistance of PHYVV. These results provides basic information for resistance breeding. 相似文献
96.
do Amaral Ana Cludia Tenrio de Holanda Cavalcanti Maciel Marlia Machado Alexandre Reis de Oliveira Luciana Gonalves Lima Cristiano Souza da Costa Antonio Flix de Oliveira Neiva Tinti 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,163(4):875-890
European Journal of Plant Pathology - This study aimed to evaluate the potential antagonistic role of Trichoderma in the control of Fusarium isolates belonging to the Fusarium oxysporum species... 相似文献
97.
Rachel Lande Shona L. Reese Laura C. Cuddy Clifford R. Berry Antonio Pozzi 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(1):23-28
Osteochondrosis is a common developmental abnormality affecting the subchondral bone of immature, large breed dogs. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe CT lesions detected in scapulohumeral joints of 32 immature dogs undergoing CT for thoracic limb lameness. Eight dogs (14 scapulohumeral joints) had arthroscopy following imaging. Thirteen dogs (19 scapulohumeral joints) were found to have CT lesions, including 10 dogs (16 scapulohumeral joints) with subchondral bone lesions and 3 dogs with enthesopathy of the supraspinatus tendon. In one dog, subchondral bone lesions appeared as large oval defects within the mid‐aspect of the glenoid cavities, bilaterally. These lesions resembled osseous cyst‐like lesions commonly identified in the horse. This is the first report of such a presentation of a subchondral bone lesion in the glenoid cavity of a dog. In all dogs, small, focal, round or linear lucent defects were visible within the cortical bone at the junction of the greater tubercle and intertubercular groove. These structures were thought to represent vascular channels. Findings from this study support the use of CT as an adjunct modality for the identification and characterization of scapulohumeral subchondral bone lesions in immature dogs with thoracic limb lameness. 相似文献
98.
Pérez-López AJ López-Nicolas JM Núñez-Delicado E Del Amor FM Carbonell-Barrachina AA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(20):8158-8164
Consumers demand organic products because they believe they are more flavorful and respectful to the environment and human health. The effects of conventional, integrated, and organic farming, grown in a controlled greenhouse, on color, minerals, and carotenoids of sweet pepper fruits ( Capsicum annuum), cv. Almuden, were studied. Experimental results proved that organic farming provided peppers with the highest (a) intensities of red and yellow colors, (b) contents of minerals, and (c) total carotenoids. Integrated fruits presented intermediate values of the quality parameters under study, and conventional fruits were those with the lowest values of minerals, carotenoids, and color intensity. As an example, the concentrations of total carotenoids were 3231, 2493, and 1829 mg kg (-1) for organic, integrated, and conventional sweet peppers, respectively. Finally, organic red peppers could be considered as those having the highest antioxidant activity of all studied peppers (agricultural farming and development stage). 相似文献
99.
100.
Antonio Morello Yolanda Repetto Robert A. White Moises Agosin 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1980,14(1):72-80
The metabolism of R-20458 [(E)-6,7-epoxy-1-(4-ethylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene] by rat hepatocytes has been analyzed and compared with that of juvenile hormone I [methyl-(E,E)-cis-10,11-epoxy-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-2,6-tridecadienoate] under identical conditions. The metabolism of R-20458 is characterized by the predominance of NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 and epoxide hydrolase reactions; whereas, JH I is metabolized mainly by carboxylesterase, epoxide hydrolase, and glutathione S-transferases. The metabolites of R-20458 have been shown to correspond to (E)-6,7-epoxy-1-(4-hydroxyethylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene; (E)-6,7-epoxy-1-(4-acetylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene; (E)-6,7-dihydroxy-1-(4-ethylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene; and, (E)-6,7-dihydroxy-1-(4-acetylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene. The production of the α-hydroxyethyl, p-acetylphenoxy, and acetylphenoxy-6,7-diol metabolites is markedly inhibited by SKF 525-A. No dramatic effects are produced by diethylmaleate and 1,2-epoxy-3,3,3-trichloropropane. 相似文献