General mechanisms of drought response and their application in drought resistance improvement in plants

Plants often encounter unfavorable environmental conditions because of their sessile lifestyle. These adverse factors greatly affect the geographic distribution of plants, as well as their growth and productivity. Drought stress is one of the premier limitations to global agricultural production due to the complexity of the water-limiting environment and changing climate. Plants have evolved a series of mechanisms at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, cellular, and molecular levels to overcome water deficit or drought stress conditions. The drought resistance of plants can be divided into four basic types-drought avoidance, drought tolerance, drought escape, and drought recovery. Various drought-related traits, including root traits, leaf traits, osmotic adjustment capabilities, water potential, ABA content, and stability of the cell membrane, have been used as indicators to evaluate the drought resistance of plants. In the last decade, scientists have investigated the genetic and molecular mechanisms of drought resistance to enhance the drought resistance of various crops, and significant progress has been made with regard to drought avoidance and drought tolerance. With increasing knowledge to comprehensively decipher the complicated mechanisms of drought resistance in model plants, it still remains an enormous challenge to develop water-saving and drought-resistant crops to cope with the water shortage and increasing demand for food production in the future.     

Die Wirkung des Toluidinblaus und der Thrombokinase auf den Vorgang der Thrombininaktivierung

Summary The disappearance of thrombin—formed in the blood, or added to serum-follows a manomolecular reaction-type. Heparin increases the reaction-velocity of this thrombin-inactivating process.Our investigation established that toluidine blue or kinase, which, according to the literature, bind heparin, strongly reduce the speed of thrombin-inactivation too. Therefore the heparin-binding capacity of these substances is also manifested in the decrease of thrombin-inactivation.     

Substances thioloprives

Sans résumé     

Normal faulting in central Tibet since at least 13.5 Myr ago

Tectonic models for the evolution of the Tibetan plateau interpret observed east-west thinning of the upper crust to be the result of either increased potential energy of elevated crust or geodynamic processes that may be unrelated to plateau formation. A key piece of information needed to evaluate these models is the timing of deformation within the plateau. The onset of normal faulting has been estimated to have commenced in southern Tibet between about 14 Myr ago and about 8 Myr ago and, in central Tibet, about 4 Myr ago. Here, however, we report a minimum age of approximately 13.5 Myr for the onset of graben formation in central Tibet, based on mineralization ages determined with Rb-Sr and 40Ar-39Ar data that post-date a major graben-bounding normal fault. These data, along with evidence for prolonged activity of normal faulting in this and other Tibetan grabens, support models that relate normal faulting to processes occurring beneath the plateau. Thinning of the upper crust is most plausibly the result of potential-energy increases resulting from spatially and temporally heterogeneous changes in thermal structure and density distribution within the crust and upper mantle beneath Tibet. This is supported by recent geophysical and geological data, which indicate that spatial heterogeneity exists in both the Tibetan crust and lithospheric mantle.     

大学数学实验课开设的探讨

数学实验课是一门新型的教学课程,它将数学知识、数学建模和数学软件有机结合,强化学生对数学理论的理解和应用,培养学生的创新能力和团队精神。针对该课程的开设,就大学数学实验课程开设的意义、课程的设置、数学软件的选取、教学原则等方面进行探讨,提出相应的建议和方法。     

GMD机械绘图系统原理

GMD机械绘图系统是一个通用的参数式机械绘图软件,可用于构造及绘制各种机械的零件图及装配图,它由图库处理程序、绘图程序及数字化菜单三部分组成。本文将分别介绍各部分的功能及其原理和方法,关于参数式机械图库的文件结构,请参阅文。     

用数字化建库方法建立黄石市土地利用现状信息库

本文联系建立湖北省黄石市土地利用现状图数据库的生产实际,介绍了用数字化方法建立土地利用现状数据库的过程以及建库过程中在数据采集、数据转换、数据检查和质量控制等方面关键技术问题。     

第二代增压流化床煤部分气化炉单元中间试验研究

在热输入为2 MW加压喷动流化床煤部分气化中试试验装置上,对所构建的煤气化试验系统进行了工艺及装置试验研究,在此基础上进行了连续12 h的煤部分气化试验,以考察工艺参数对气化行为的影响.试验结果表明:中试装置的各分系统设计合理,全系统能协调稳定运行,能为第二代增压流化床联合循环发电系统(2G PFBC-CC)的下游单元提供合格的煤气和半焦;在较高的气化温度下,煤气中甲烷质量分数由于二次热解而降低,碳转化率增加;提高了入炉的蒸汽量,煤气中氢气质量分数明显上升.     

草酸盐法合成Li_aNi_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_2及电化学性能研究

采用草酸盐沉淀及高温固相反应相结合的方法合成了锂离子电池的活性正极材料Li_aNi_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_2.XRD、SEM及电化学测试数据表明:该材料结晶及层状结构良好,首次充放电比容量为175.4mAh/g和142.9mAh/g,循环30次后放电比容量仍为136.0mAh/g,比容量损失只有4.8%.     

热通道玻璃幕墙的热工计算

简述了热通道的节能原理，推导出了热通道玻璃幕墙的热工计算模型，确定了模型中各方程的系数，介绍了计算及测量结果。该模型可用来计算内外侧玻璃的壁面温度、热通道内空气的温度和流速，以及室内的得热速率等，为相关工程计算提供参考。