Seasonal Variation and Land-Use/Land-Cover Type Impacts on the Correlation of Urban Heat Island Intensity and Difference Vegetation Index with Satellite Data in Xi’an,China

Green coverage has pronounced influences on urban heat island (UHI) effect, while the impacts of seasonal variation and Land-Use/Land-Cover (LULC) types on this effect has not been implemented. This paper investigated the spatio-seasonal characteristics of urban thermal environment and the vegetation-soil mixed area, and then explored the effects of vegetation status on UHI intensity from the perspectives of seasons and regions in Xi’an using four Landsat 8 images. UHI intensity index was implemented to extract UHI intensity based on thermal infrared imagery, and difference vegetation index (DVI) was used to represent vegetation-soil mixed area. Results indicated that DVI has impacts on UHI intensity, and their relations vary with season and region. In the whole Xi’an, if UHI intensity is smaller than -0.1, DVI increases with the increase of UHI intensity; whereas for UHI intensity is greater than -0.1, DVI decreases with increases of the UHI intensity from early spring to autumn. The highest correlation level was discovered in the autumn map (R²=0.713). Results of correlation analysis further displayed that DVI positively correlated with UHI intensity at impervious surface, and that the main urban area possessed the best correlation with R²=0.564 5.     

人工智能政策解析及建议

 人工智能已成为推动新一轮科技革命和产业变革的驱动力,世界发达国家纷纷把发展人工智能提升至国家战略高度,争相出台相关政策。通过解析美国、英国、法国、德国、欧盟、日本和中国的人工智能政策,借鉴发达国家的人工智能政策和相关措施,提出了发展中国人工智能的政策建议。     

Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the yttriumhydrogen binary system

A coupled experimental investigation and thermodynamic study of the yttrium-hydrogen(Y-H) binary system were carried out to provide more comprehensive and quantitative insights into the key thermodynamic properties of this system. Y-H system in the full range of H/Y = 0–3.0 was investigated by accurate pressure composition isotherm(PCI) measurement to provide credible phase equilibria information and thermodynamic data.The phase boundaries obtained were in agreement with previous experimental data but with improved accuracy.With the guide of the crystal structures, all the solid phases were modelled using the three sublattice model. The Y-H phase diagram and thermodynamic parameters were calculated and assessed with the CALPHAD technique.The obtained results are in very good agreement with our experimental data and the published data reported in literature. The obtained thermodynamic database of Y-H system can be used to predict the hydrogenation behavior and decomposition temperatures of hydrides.     

Study on the hydrogen storage property of (TiZr0.1)xCr1.7-yFeyMn0.3 (1.05

Jigang Li  Li Xu  Xiaojing Jiang  Xingguo Li 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2018,28(4):470-477

乔木护坡效果物理模型试验研究

随着人们对环境保护的日益重视,植被护坡作为一种生态友好型的边坡支护方式逐步得到了广泛应用,其中针对草本和灌木护坡效果的研究较多,但有关乔木护坡效果的研究较少。为此,通过3D打印技术制作了较为逼真的乔木根系模型,并基于自行设计的滑坡物理模型试验平台,开展了乔木护坡效果物理模型试验,对边坡变形破坏全过程中抗滑力、坡体位移和坡体滑动面积进行了分析。结果表明：与无根系护坡试验工况相比,(1)有根系护坡坡体的抗滑力峰值增大、达到峰值所用时间延长,峰后抗滑力衰减程度降低;(2)有根系护坡坡体的坡体位移,随着根系长度和布设排数的增加总体呈现下降趋势,且研究发现,持续增加根系长度并不能持续显著减小坡体位移,而当根系长度较大时,适当减少根系布设排数亦能达到较好的护坡效果;(3)有根系护坡坡体的滑动面积明显减小。上述认识丰富了乔木护坡效果方面的研究,对乔木护坡实际工程应用有一定指导意义。     

比值居民地指数在城镇信息提取中的应用

TM图像中由于裸地与城镇光谱特征相似,利用传统的分类方法难以区分二者,城镇提取精度很难令人满意针对这一问题,本文提出了一种新的方法即比值居民地指数（RRI）法用于城镇信息提取,同时与最大似然监督分类法作对比,研究结果表明,RRI法（精度达87.50％）优于最大似然分类法（精度为78．13％）,是一种提取城镇居民地信息的理想方法,尤其适合裸地较多的干旱半干旱地区．     

黑龙江省资源经济发展探讨

黑龙江省资源丰富,地大物博,但在多年资源依赖型发展模式的影响下,经济发展已有衰退之势,出现了资源衰竭、生态环境破坏、产业结构单一、接续产业不足等资源经济多方面的问题.针对这些问题本文提出了要以科学发展观为根本理念,大力发展接续产业,并以循环经济发展模式保证资源的可持续利用,以求资源型城市的顺利转型,保证黑龙江省经济的可持续发展.     

林可霉素生物合成基因lmbU的敲除及其遗传回补

利用DNA同源重组原理敲除S.lincolnensis NRRL 2936中lmbU基因,筛选获得该基因缺陷株S.lincolnensis JLUa2,其不具备林可霉素生物合成能力.利用构建的不同重组质粒转化缺陷株,发现含有质粒pHBUYX335的缺陷株重新获得了林可霉素生物合成能力.单一回补下游基因lmbY和lmbX不能使缺陷株重新恢复林可霉素合成能力;而同时回补lmbU基因和下游基因lmbY和lmbX却能回补这种缺陷,缺陷株林可霉素合成能力的丧失不仅是由下游基因的破坏而引起,证实了lmbU基因是林可霉素生物合成的关键基因.根据不同重组质粒上装载的基因片段性质推测了lmbU基因可能的启动子.     

链霉菌辅酶Q9生物合成基因sdsA的鉴定

聚异戊二烯焦磷酸合成酶基因在4个不同种的链霉菌(Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), Streptomyces maritimus, Streptomyces mycarofaciens ATCC 21454和Streptomyces sp.Tü4128)中分别被克隆.测序结果显示:4个聚异戊二烯焦磷酸合成酶基因均编码336个氨基酸的肽链,4条肽链之间的序列有97%的同源性.将4个不同的聚异戊二烯焦磷酸合成酶基因分别导入大肠杆菌中进行异源表达,有辅酶Q9产生.将4个基因分别导入八聚异戊二烯焦磷酸合成酶(IspB)缺陷的大肠杆菌KO229(ΔispB)中证明它们有替代ispB基因的功能,并且在大肠杆菌中合成辅酶Q9.     

基于量子框架的开放式齿轮数控系统

文章提出只有在应用软件层次上满足数控系统的开放要求,才能实现数控系统真正意义上的跨平台开放性;叙述了量子框架的含义、结构和内容,指出量子框架是一种软件总线,能够实现软件的开放性以及各个功能模块的松耦合;定义了基于量子框架的开放式齿轮数控系统的体系结构,并给出了部分活动对象的状态图和程序。结果表明,量子框架实现了真正意义上的开放性。