Baroreceptors capable of inducing the biosynthesis and release of prostaglandins (PG) and of modulating adrenergic neurotransmission in the myocardium

In the isolated Rabbit heart, high pressure, on the one hand, inhibits the noradrenaline release, and on the other hand, induces both the biosynthesis and release of PGs(PGE2,PGF2 alpha) from the auricles and mainly from the right auricle i.e. where the sympathetic nerve endings are the most numerous. Therefore, high pressure, by a negative feedback process, plays a great part in moderating the adrenergic neurotransmission responsible for the hypertension. These effects result from a supplementary pressure which acts on the walls of coronary arteries and arterioles and modifies their distensibility. It thus appears that in the walls of arteries and arterioles there are baroreceptors which are sensitive to the pressure variations in order to regulate adrenergic neurotransmission, by means of a reflex path still unknown.     

Activated T cells regulate bone loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin ligand

Bone remodelling and bone loss are controlled by a balance between the tumour necrosis factor family molecule osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL) and its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG). In addition, OPGL regulates lymph node organogenesis, lymphocyte development and interactions between T cells and dendritic cells in the immune system. The OPGL receptor, RANK, is expressed on chondrocytes, osteoclast precursors and mature osteoclasts. OPGL expression in T cells is induced by antigen receptor engagement, which suggests that activated T cells may influence bone metabolism through OPGL and RANK. Here we report that activated T cells can directly trigger osteoclastogenesis through OPGL. Systemic activation of T cells in vivo leads to an OPGL-mediated increase in osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. In a T-cell-dependent model of rat adjuvant arthritis characterized by severe joint inflammation, bone and cartilage destruction and crippling, blocking of OPGL through osteoprotegerin treatment at the onset of disease prevents bone and cartilage destruction but not inflammation. These results show that both systemic and local T-cell activation can lead to OPGL production and subsequent bone loss, and they provide a novel paradigm for T cells as regulators of bone physiology.     

小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞的体外培养、体外成熟和体外受精研究

小鼠腔前卵泡在体外生长过程中，于培养液中添加血清，以及ＦＳＨ和胰岛素均对小鼠腔前卵泡的体外生长、体外成熟、体外受精起促进作用，其中以胰岛素的效果最为显著，腔前卵泡的体外成熟率和体外受精率可达６９．４％和８０．６％，但是体外受精后的体外发育率低于添加ＦＳＨ的试验组，表明ＦＳＨ有益于卵母细胞生长过程中细胞质的成熟。单层培养的卵巢颗粒细胞对腔前卵泡的体外生长也具有促进作用。将体外受精后发育至２—细胞的胚胎移植入受体鼠，胚胎可以正常着床发育。同时，卵母细胞的核仁和线粒体在培养过程中也发生相应的变化。     

KINETICS OF DELIGNIFICATION AND CARBOHYDRATE DEGRADATION DURING OXYGEN BLEACHING

Carbohydrate degradation during oxygen bleaching is associated with cleavage reactions. It is apparent that the loss of the cellulose DP (degree ofpolymisation)is strongly affected by the extent of the delignification. A strong linear correlation can be established between the DP of cellulose chains and the residual lignin in the pulp. The Nuclear Growth concept and Percolation Theory for heterogenous system can be combined to formulate kinetic models for both the delignification and the degradation of carbohydrate. The models prediction is statistically robust and can be applied to different pulps at different bleaching conditions.     

Progesterone receptors in the foetal uterus of guinea-pig: Its stimulation after oestradiol treatment

Summary This paper shows for the first time the presence of progesterone receptors in the foetal guinea-pig uterus, as well as the stimulation of progesterone receptors in foetal uterus in animals treated with oestradiol.     

Himalayan tectonics explained by extrusion of a low-viscosity crustal channel coupled to focused surface denudation.

Recent interpretations of Himalayan-Tibetan tectonics have proposed that channel flow in the middle to lower crust can explain outward growth of the Tibetan plateau, and that ductile extrusion of high-grade metamorphic rocks between coeval normal- and thrust-sense shear zones can explain exhumation of the Greater Himalayan sequence. Here we use coupled thermal-mechanical numerical models to show that these two processes-channel flow and ductile extrusion-may be dynamically linked through the effects of surface denudation focused at the edge of a plateau that is underlain by low-viscosity material. Our models provide an internally self-consistent explanation for many observed features of the Himalayan-Tibetan system.     

麻栗坡半蒴苣苔:越南苦苣苔科植物国家级分布新记录

麻栗坡半蒴苣苔Hemiboea malipoensis Y.H. Tan是最近才得以被描述的、原产自中国云南麻栗坡县的苦苣苔科新种,最近在越南北部河江省(Ha Giang Province)的全坝区(Quan Ba District)也发现了该种。该新记录种的凭证标本保存在越南生态与生物资源研究所标本馆(HN)和俄罗斯科马罗夫植物研究所(LE)。本文亦同时提供了本种的详细形态描述、彩色图片、物候、生态学、保育现状等信息和目前越南已知的半蒴苣苔属植物的检索表。     

基于PSO的载荷受限的灾后救援任务分配问题研究

[目的]针对灾后救援问题,研究多直升机多任务含约束灾后救援任务分配问题,给出基于微粒群优化的问题求解方法,以获取各直升机的救援分配方案.考虑救援时间和直升机载荷有限,期望在有限的时间内救援最多的被困人员.[方法]首先,针对问题特性,考虑上述约束和目标,建立问题的数学模型;其次,采用改进的微粒群算法对所建模型进行求解,主...