海索面（Nemalion halminthoides vermiculte（Sur）Tseng）的采集与标本制作方法

本文介绍了海索面（Ｎｅｍａｌｉｏｎｈａｌｍｉｎｔｈｏｌｄｅｓｖｅｒｍｉｃｕｌａｔｓ（Ｓｕｒ．）Ｔｓｅｎｇ）的采集和对海索面腊叶标本的制作过程及其注意事项。     

土地利用更新调查成果内外业一致性检查方法的分析与探讨

土地利用更新调查内外业数据保持一致是确保成果质量的重要环节。本文以福建省开展土地利用更新调查情况为背景,介绍了土地利用更新调查成果内外业一致性检查的方法和过程,分析了不同情况下成果检查的特点,对从事该领域生产和研究的专业人员有一定的借鉴和指导作用。     

Efficient expression of green fluorescent protein （GFP） mediated by a chimeric promoter in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

To improve the expression efficiency of exogenous genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,a high efficient expression vector was constructed.Green fluorescent protein(GFP) was expressed in C.reinhardtii under the control of promoters:RBCS2 and HSP70A-RBCS2.Efficiency of transformation and expression were compared between two transgenic algae:RBCS2 mediated strain Tran-Ⅰ and HSP70A-RBCS2 mediated strain Tran-Ⅱ.Results show that HSP70A-RBCS2 could improve greatly the transformation efficiency by approximately eightfold of RBCS2,and the expression efficiency of GFP in Tran-Ⅱ was at least double of that in Tran-Ⅰ.In addition,a threefold increase of GFP in Tran-Ⅱwas induced by heat shock at 40°C.All of the results demonstrated that HSP70A-RBCS2 was more efficient than RBCS2 in expressing exogenous gene in C.reinhardtii.     

CINRAD／SA雷达发射机调制器故障的分析处理

CINRAD／SA雷达具有性能监控和自动标校系统,通过其报警信息,查找相应的性能参数和适配数据,借助基本的测试仪表,能实现故障模块的隔离和定位;具体到片级的检修,则需要从主功能电路、控制功能电路和故障检测功能电路等电原理图人手,逐级分析检测,完成故障的修复。总结了2008年5月31日发射机充电故障的详细处理过程,故障分析结果是高压打火造成几个功能电路的反相缓冲芯片烧坏,所以有必要改进高压线路并加强维护。     

柴西地区古近系和新近系地层水化学特征及其成因

在系统收集柴达木盆地西部地区各主要油田古近系和新近系油田地层水化学测试分析资料后,发现该地区地层水矿化度很高,均值为166g·L^-1,最低值达到3.90g·L^-1,具有高浓缩地层水特征,属卤水级,且主要是由Na⁺+K⁺组成的CaCl₂型水,反映封闭条件好。各主要离子在纵向上呈增加和减小交替变化的趋势,矿化度随深度的增加表现为先减小后增大的趋势,这与中国东部盆地明显不同。各离子比值（钠氯系数、变质系数和脱硫酸系数）均反映出该地区地层整体封闭性好。上、下油砂山组Ca²⁺富集主要由白云石化作用导致,其次是方解石溶解,白云石化同时也使其Mg²⁺贫乏。上、下干柴沟组仅有少数数据点表现出Ca²⁺富集,应是方解石溶解导致的,绿泥石化是其Mg²⁺贫乏的主要原因。SO^2-₄亏损主要是由大量膏岩的沉淀和油藏中大量硫酸盐还原细菌的还原作用导致。除了SO^2-₄被还原会产生HCO^-₃之外,有机质成熟过程中CO₂及有机酸的加入也可造成地层水中HCO^-₃质量浓度的增加。     

Impact of the Three Gorges Dam on reproduction of four major Chinese carps species in the middle reaches of the Changjiang River

Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) are the four major Chinese carps and are commercially important aquaculture species in China. Reproduction of these carp has declined since the construction of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) due to an altered water flow and thermal regime in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River. However, details of the changes in reproduction of the four species are not well understood. To assess the impact of the TGD on reproduction of the four carp, we investigated their eggs and larvae at Yidu City, which is 80 km below the TGD, during 2005–2012. We examined diff erences in larval abundance of the four species in the Jianli section (350 km downstream of the TGD) before (1997–2002) and after (2003–2012) construction of the TGD. Based on these observations, the first spawning date of the four species was delayed a mean of about 25 days after the dam was constructed. Mean egg abundance in the Yidu section of the river was 249 million and mean larval abundance was 464 million, which were significant decreases since the 1980s. Moreover, larval abundance in the Jianli section after the dam was constructed was significantly lower than that before construction (ANCOVA, P<0.05). The observed larval abundance accounted for only 24.66% of the predicted value in 2003 when the dam was first inundated. The present spawning grounds between the TGD and Yidu section of the river are very similar to those described in the 1980s, and some spawning grounds exist upstream of the TGD. Large free-flowing stretches upstream of the TGD and the creation of artificially flooded downstream reaches are needed to stimulate spawning and eff ectively conserve these four major Chinese carps species.     

湘南骑田岭锡矿成矿规律探讨

骑田岭地区位于炎陵-郴州-蓝山北东向基底构造岩浆岩带中部,是南岭中段多金属成矿带的重要组成部分。现已查明111—333锡资源量101.3×104t,近期又发现了具超大型找矿前景的芙蓉锡矿田。锡矿类型可分为气化高温热液型锡矿、高—中温热液型锡矿、次火山热液型锡矿及冲积型砂锡矿四大类7个亚类,构成了一个较完整的成矿系列。各类锡矿是多次构造-岩浆活动综合作用的产物,燕山早期晚阶段及燕山晚期早阶段是主成矿期。特殊的地质构造背景造就了区内锡矿“带状分布、成群产出、等距展布”的空间分布规律,也展示了巨大的找矿潜力。     

PH值对微粒释放影响的微观机理研究

以典型水敏感性细砂为研究对象,通过水平室内砂柱试验,对不同pH值(pH=6,7,9)影响微粒释放过程的微观机理进行了探讨.研究结果表明:相同盐浓度条件下,pH值对微粒释放过程具有明显影响,酸性条件对微粒释放过程具有很强的抑制作用,致使砂柱存在二次释放现象,而碱性条件对微粒释放具有明显的增强作用,致使释放量大大增加,释放时间大大增长.微观力学分析可知,上述现象的原因是:不同pH值影响微粒物质与骨架颗粒zeta电位的变化,导致范氏引力与双电层斥力变化幅度发生差异,使得两者合力的大小和方向发生变化,在酸性条件下为引力占主导,碱性条件下为斥力占主导.     

壳寡糖钙、镁配合物对栉孔扇贝体内镉的脱除

如何减少鲜活贝类中重金属污染一直是水产品加工中亟待解决的问题。本文采用氧化水解法制备水溶性壳寡糖(COS),将其与钙、镁结合制备了壳寡糖钙(COS-Ca)、壳寡糖镁(COS-Mg)配合物,研究其对栉孔扇贝体内镉的脱除作用。结果发现,COS-Ca、COS-Mg对栉孔扇贝体内镉均有一定脱除作用,经COS-Ca、COS-Mg处理净化,3 d内栉孔扇贝体内镉含量分别降低了46%和41.8%,并且经净化处理后,栉孔扇贝体内金属钙、铁的含量有所提高。因此,所制备的COS-Ca、COS-Mg有望成为1种新型多功能性的脱除鲜活贝类体内重金属的饲料添加剂。     

红土问题——红土工程地质研究座谈会述评

由水文地质工程地质编辑部、长江水利水电科学研究院、中国科学院地质研究所和武汉岩土力学研究所、南京大学地质系、南京建工学院等单位的同行发起,长春地质学院水文地质工程地质系筹办和主持的