聚合酶链反应（PCR）对单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎的临床诊断价值

应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测技术对１１８例颅内感染性疾病患者及３７例无神神经系统疾病患者脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中的单纯疱疹病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＳＶ－ＤＮＡ）进行了检测及分型。结果提示：“散发性脑炎”组的阳性率为３８．４６％（２０／５２），细菌、真菌性脑膜炎、其它病毒性脑炎组以及无神经系统疾病组均为阴性。作者认为：①本检测是目前单纯疹病毒性脑炎（ＨＳＥ）较为简便而准确的早期诊断方法之一；②ＨＳＶ分型检测，对病原诊断更具有全面性；③两型单纯疱疹病毒均可引起ＨＳＥ。     

大狼毒三萜类化学成分的研究

自大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)植物大狼毒(Euphorbia nematocypha Hand—Mazz)根的乙醇提取物的苯溶解部分,经20%AgNO₃硅胶层析,分离得到七个三萜类成分。根据光谱(IR,EIMS,¹H—NMR和¹³C—NMR)和化学方法,确定其中一个化合物为新化合物,命名为大狼毒醇(nematocyphol,Ⅳa),其它化合物为已知物:印度荆芥醇乙酸酯(nepehinol acetate Ⅰ),日尔曼醇乙酸酯(germanicol acetate Ⅱ),大戟醇(euphol,Ⅲ),蒲公英醇(taraxasterol,Ⅴa),24-亚甲基环阿尔廷醇(24-methylenecycloartanol,Ⅴa)和印度荆芥醇(nepehinol,Ⅶa)。这些化合物均为首次从大狼毒中得到。     

Tumor cell-enhanced sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells to photodynamic therapy

Effective antitumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be related to damage of vasculature within the tumor. The purpose of this study was to determine if tumor cells secrete factors that stimulate proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and result in enhanced sensitivity of HUVEC to aluminum-sulfonated phthalocyanine (AISPc)-PDT. Three human tumor cell lines—pharyngeal squamous carcinoma, colonic carcinoma, and mammary carcinoma—were used in this study. Co-culture of HUVEC and either squamous carcinoma or colonic carcinoma, but not mammary carcinoma, significantly increased HUVEC proliferation and AlSPc-PDT mediated cell damage. In addition, supernatant from squamous carcinoma and colonic carcinoma cultures also stimulated HUVEC proliferation and sensitivity to AISPc-PDT. Both supernatant and cell lysate from squamous carcinoma cells contained angiogenic factors consistent with basic and acidic fibroblast growth factors, as evidenced by Western blot analysis and BALB/c 3T3 fibroblast cell proliferation assays. Collectively, these results suggest that selected tumor cell lines produce angiogenic factors that induce HUVEC proliferation and subsequently enhance sensitivity to AISPc-PDT. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

人大肠癌细胞株（HT29）与人多器官血管内皮细胞粘附数目及形态学观察

为了模拟体内癌细胞与血管内皮粘附的过程，用人大肠癌细胞与人多器官血管内皮细胞共同培养，观察到与不同血管内皮粘附的癌细胞数有显著性统计学差异（Ｐ＜０．０５—０．０１）。与门静脉、肠系膜静脉内皮粘附的癌细胞数多，细胞表面微绒毛多，丝状突起细长，伪足多且长；与大隐静脉内皮粘附的癌细胞数少，细胞表面突起也细小。这表明不同的血管内皮对癌细胞的粘附是具有选择性的。     

原发性食管癌中胸苷磷酸化酶表达和血管生成的临床意义

目的　观察原发性食管癌中胸苷磷酸化酶 (thymidinephosphorylase,TP)的表达情况 ,探讨肿瘤组织中胸苷磷酸化酶表达、肿瘤微血管密度 (microvesseldensity ,MVD)和临床病理特征之间的关系 ,分析TP表达和肿瘤MVD的预后意义。方法　应用单克隆抗体对 6 5例食管癌标本进行免疫组化染色 ,测定TP表达及MVD。结果　TP在食管癌中的表达 (4 5 / 6 5 ,6 9.2 % )明显 (P <0 .0 0 1)高于正常食管粘膜 (4 / 2 4 ,16 .7% )。食管癌的MVD(4 5 .0 9± 8.76 )与正常食管粘膜的MVD(2 7.4 8± 8.4 4 )的差别显著 (P <0 .0 0 1)。食管癌TP阳性的MVD的均值是 (4 6 .5 3± 7.18) ,TP阴性的MVD的均值是 (4 1.85± 11.0 8) ,前者明显 (P =0 .0 4 6 ) 高于后者。食管癌的TP表达与临床病理特征无相关性 ,MVD却与肿瘤的浸润深度(P =0 .0 35 ) 及分期(P =0 .0 18) 有关 ,而且只有MVD才是食管癌的一个预后指标(P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　食管癌的TP表达与MVD密切相关。TP表达与食管癌的临床病理特征无关。MVD与肿瘤的浸润发展有关 ,同时只有MVD才是食管癌的一个预后指标     

冠心病不同临床类型患者血浆、血小板脂质过氧化损伤与TXA_2/PGI_2平衡的研究

作者观察98例正常人和109例不同临床类型冠心病人血浆、血小板LPO、SOD,SeGSHP_x,RBC—SOD及血浆TXB_2、6-keto-PGF_(1α)的变化,发现各型冠心病组均有LPO、PL—LPO、TxB_2、TxB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α)比值明显升高,6-keto-PGF_(1α),SOD、PLSOD、RBC-SOD,SOD/LPO及SeGSHPX/LPO比值明显降低。但各型程度不同,以急性心肌梗塞和不稳定性心绞痛改变突出。血浆LPO与6-keto-PGF_(1α)呈显著负相关。提示脂质过氧化损伤与TXA_2/PGI_2平衡密切相关。认为SOD/LPO、SeGSHPx/LPO,TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α)比值在冠心病诊断中是重要有意义的指标,血小板SOD/LPO比值能更敏感地反映冠心病人氧化与抗氧化能力的平衡状态。     

膀胱憩室的手术治疗

作者总结３１例膀胱憩室的手术治疗结果，并介绍一种处理巨大膀胱憩室的简易手术。多数憩室继发于膀胱流出道梗阻。憩室内并发肿瘤７例，结石形成９例。膀胱憩室多由膀胱造影或Ｂ超诊断。憩室切除常采用膀胱内外联合入路。本组２６例手术同时处理膀胱出口梗阻和膀胱憩室。获得随访的２３例中，２１例尿路症状消失。７例憩室肿瘤患者中，５例在两年半内死亡，余２例分别存活２年和６年。本组２例巨大膀胱憩室行经膀胱内憩室旷置术，无并发症，膀胱造影无异常。作者认为，膀胱憩室的治疗应依据每个患者的情况而选用不同的手术方式。对位于膀胱后下方，粘连广泛的巨大憩室，宜采用经膀胱内入路憩室旷置术。     

楮实对小鼠学习和记忆的促进作用

本试验采用食饵迷宫法和一次训练被动回避性条件反应——跳台法,观察了楮实对小鼠学习和记忆的促进作用。结果表明,楮实对正常小鼠的空间辨别学习、记忆获得有促进作用;可拮抗东莨菪碱造成的记忆获得障碍;改善氯霉素和亚硝酸钠造成的记忆巩固不良;改善30％乙醇引起的记忆再缺损,并对亚硝酸钠中毒缺氧有明显的改善作用。     

IFN-gamma promotes apoptosis of the uterus and placenta in pregnant rat and human cytotrophoblast cells.

Growth and development of placentas in all pregnancy periods and that of fetuses in late pregnancy were inhibited after administration of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Apoptosis can be detected by TUNEL at the maternal-fetal interface during normal rat pregnancy. Apoptosis locations at the maternal-fetal interface changed according to the period of pregnancy. The results of immunohistochemistry and the DNA ladder assay showed that IFN-gamma could promote the apoptosis levels during the entire pregnancy, but it did not change the apoptosis locations. IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), FasL, and p53 expressions were modulated by IFN-gamma during the entire pregnancy. In vitro cell proliferation assay indicated that IFN-gamma could inhibit proliferation of human cytotrophoblast cells, and flow assay showed that this effect was mainly due to apoptosis induction. TUNEL and Hoechst staining also showed that IFN-gamma could induce apoptosis of human cytotrophoblast cells. Expression of IRF-1 was induced and expression of active caspase-3 was promoted by IFN-gamma treatment, but IFN-gamma did not affect the expression of IFNGR and p53.     

骨髓间充质干细胞-支架复合体向软骨诱导分化的实验研究

目的:以骨髓间充质干细胞作为种子细胞,探索组织工程化软骨的构建.方法:分离、获取、扩增骨髓间充质干细胞,通过将扩增的骨髓间充质干细胞接种于聚羟基乙酸(PGA)上,在成软骨诱导因子作用下在体外诱导培养3周后,将实验组和对照组的标本转植入自体兔腹腔内,进行体内培养6～12周后,再进行检测,评估工程化软骨的形成.结果:骨髓间充质干细胞接种于PGA支架上后,经过体外诱导培养和体内培养后,获得标本(7/10)出现软骨组织外观,进行组织学切片可见软骨陷窝,进行Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的免疫组化、Ⅱ型胶原mRNA原位杂交均为阳性.结论:兔骨髓间充质干细胞在成软骨诱导剂作用下,经体外和体内培养后,可生成组织工程化类软骨.