安庆市肺结核病流行现状调查分析

目的了解安庆市肺结核病流行现状．为制定结核病控制对策提供科学依据。方法对1997～2001年结核病疫情报告和结核患者登记年报表进行分析。结果5年间，安庆市年均肺结核病报告发病率为61．15／10万，初治涂阳治愈率为90．31％，归口管理单位查痰率为91．05％。结论归口管理是提高本市结核病防治工作成效的重要措施。     

雌激素对慢性脑缺血大鼠认知功能及突触素的影响

目的 研究苯甲酸雌二醇对慢性脑缺血大鼠认知功能及突触素的影响.方法 采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎制备慢性脑缺血模型,30只大鼠随机分为3组,A组:假手术组;B组:缺血组;C组:雌激素治疗组.各组于手术60d后,应用Y迷宫、免疫组化及图像分析系统测定大鼠认知功能及海马、齿状回突触素的含量.结果 治疗组较缺血组认知障碍明显改善(P＜0.01),与假手术组相比,缺血组突触素的含量明显下降,治疗组以上变化明显减轻(P＜0.01).结论 苯甲酸雌二醇能改善慢性脑缺血大鼠的认知功能,这可能与增加大鼠脑内突触素的含量有关.     

STYLOID PROCESS SYNDROME LENGTFI AND PALPATION OF THE STYLOLD PROCESS

In 1980, 267 patients with related symp- toms were examined by tomography in our hos- pital. Among them the styloid process (SP) of 128 cases were 30 mm or more in length. Pha- ryngeal palpation was performed in 98. The SPs of 61 patients were palpable and tender. Diagno- sis was based on the related symptoms, tomogra- phy, positive pharyngeal palpation and SP tender- ness. Tomography showed that the longest SP was 75 mm, while the longest one with symptoms was 65 mm. The medial angulations of the SPs were from 100 t0 27° and the anterior angulations from 300 t0 50°.     

Effects of the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX on the development and expression of behavioral sensitization to cocaine and amphetamine

 We examined the effect of 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)quinoxaline (NBQX), an antagonist of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) subtype of glutamate receptor, on the development and expression of behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and cocaine in rats. A single injection of NBQX (12.5 mg/kg) administered 30 min prior to cocaine during the induction phase (days 1–5) prevented the development of cocaine sensitization, assessed by responsiveness to cocaine challenge on day 8. This NBQX regimen did not affect development of amphetamine sensitization. Two pretreatment injections of NBQX, one 20 min before and one 70 min after amphetamine on each day of the induction phase (days 1–6), did not affect sensitization of stereotypy but prevented sensitization of post-stereotypy ambulatory hyperactivity (both assessed by responsiveness to amphetamine challenge on day 8). The effect of NBQX on ambulatory sensitization was dose-dependent (attenuation with 12.5 mg/kg, complete prevention with 25 mg/kg). In contrast to its effects on development, NBQX (25 mg/kg) did not prevent expression of sensitization to cocaine or amphetamine. NBQX itself exerted no significant effects on locomotor activity in either drug-naive rats or rats that had received either NBQX or amphetamine repeatedly. These findings support a requirement for AMPA receptor stimulation in the development of locomotor sensitization to cocaine and amphetamine, but suggest a different mechanism for sensitization of amphetamine stereotypy. Received: 14 January 1997 / Final version: 24 June 1997     

牛骨形成蛋白在骨不连中的临床应用

应用牛骨形成蛋白（ｂｏｖｉｎｅＢｏｎｅＭｏｒｐｈｏｇｅｎｅｔｉｃＰｒｏｔｅｉｎ简称ｂ－ＢＭＰ）成功的治愈１３例骨不连病人。经过１３个月～２９个月随访观察，效果较好。本组病人术前平均已做过１．５次手术。１３例病人中，有１２例被１次治愈。１例病人再次行内固定加用牛骨形成蛋白的植入也被治愈。骨形成蛋白的应用方式，采用同锻石膏复合后植入骨不连处。平均每个病人植入１００ｍｇＢＭＰ，１３例病人平均治愈时间为４．７个月。术后没有任何并发症。     

竹荪深层发酵菌丝体对小鼠免疫功能的影响及其抗肿瘤作用

过对食药用真菌──竹荪深层发酵菌丝体提取液对小鼠免疫功能及S－180肿瘤细胞的作用观察，表明其发酵菌丝体可明显提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能（P＜0．01），并显著增加免疫器官的重量（P＜0．05）；对小鼠S－180肿瘤的抑瘤率为40．63％。     

Influence of Preparation Factors on the Sustained Release of Nifedipine from Eudragit RL/RS Microspheres

用乳剂—溶剂挥发法制备硝苯地平的丙烯酸树脂缓释微球。微球中药物的释放速度随丙烯酸树脂ＥｕｄｒａｇｉｔＲＬ／ＲＳ比率的增加以及制备时搅拌速率的增加而增大，随内相聚合物浓度的增加及微球粒径的增加而减小，释药５０％所需时间与微球粒径呈良好线性。微球的释药速率也随药物含量的增加（从４．２％到１６．７％）而增大，并快于药物结晶的溶解速率，但药物含量达２６．６％时，微球释药速率明显下降并低于药物结晶的溶解速率。用差热分析和Ｘ射线衍射分析证明，药物含量为４．２，９．４和１６．７％的微球中药物完全是以非晶态分散的，而含药２６．６％的微球中有药物结晶存在。不同微球释药低于７０％时，释放方式均符合Ｈｉｇｕｃｈｉ时间平方根方程。     

抗淋球菌IgA蛋白酶单克隆抗体特性的初步研究

本文对以重组淋球菌ＩｇＡ蛋白酶为抗原制备的７株特异性ＭｃＡｂ的特性进行了初步研究。结果有５株（１Ｃ８、１Ｅ５、１Ｆ１１、１Ｇ３和２Ｅ６）能中和淋球菌ＩｇＡ蛋白酶活性。经相加试验初步证明，其中１Ｆ１１、２Ｇ３与其它３株ＭｃＡｂ的作用位点不同。因此，淋球菌ＩｇＡ蛋白酶至少存在３个中和表位。     

异常孕产史妇女风疹病毒感染的研究

目的了解孕妇风疹病毒的感染率；为早期预测异常妊娠的出现、及时防治提供理论依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测２０６例有异常孕产史妇女和８１０例正常孕妇血清中特异性抗风疹ＩｇＭ抗体。结果有异常孕产史的妇女风疹病毒感染率明显高于对照组（ｘ２＝１１．３３Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论风疹病毒感染是造成异常妊娠的主要原因之一；孕前或孕早期进行风疹病毒感染的检测，对降低异常妊娠的出现具有重要意义。     

气管与主支气管肿瘤的影像诊断（附32例报告）

作者对３２例经病理证实的气管与主支气管良、恶性肿瘤的影像学表现进行分析，归纳为３型：腔内型、壁增厚型和腔内外型。后２种类型提示恶性，而无蒂的腔内型表现者不能鉴别良，恶性。作者还评价了常规体层、ＣＴ及ＭＲＩ诊断气管与主支气管肿瘤的优、缺点，讨论了影像诊断的作用。