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排序方式: 共有230条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Susanne Sieghart 《Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift》2004,154(5-6):97-101
52.
Low concentrations of avermectin B1a (AVM) stimulated the specific high affinity binding of [35S]tert.-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([35S]TBPT) to membranes from rat cerebral cortex in the absence or presence of chloride or bromide ions. In contrast, TBPT either weakly stimulates or does not significantly influence the specific high affinity binding of [3H]AVM to the same membranes in the absence or presence of chloride ions, respectively. These results indicate that [3H]AVM and [35S]TBPT bind to different but closely associated binding sites. 相似文献
53.
No evidence for in vivo regulation of midbrain serotonin transporter availability by serotonin transporter promoter gene polymorphism. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
M Willeit J Stastny W Pirker N Praschak-Rieder A Neumeister S Asenbaum J Tauscher K Fuchs W Sieghart K Hornik H N Aschauer T Brücke S Kasper 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2001,50(1):8-12
BACKGROUND: A polymorphism in the serotonin transporter promoter gene region (5-HTTLPR) has been shown to influence the quantity of serotonin transporter expressed in human cell lines: the 5-HTTLPR short allele (s) has been associated with reduced 5-HTT expression when compared to cells carrying the 5-HTTLPR long allele (l). We performed a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) study using the ligand [(123)I]-2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane ([(123)I]-beta-CIT) to measure 5-HTT availability in 16 healthy subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR. METHODS: SPECT scans were performed 24 hours after tracer injection, regions of interest anatomically corresponding to the thalamus-hypothalamus and mesencephalon-pons areas were compared to the binding in the cerebellum, representing the nondisplaceable [(123)I]-beta-CIT-binding (results expressed as target activity minus cerebellum activity/cerebellum activity). DNA from peripheral nuclear blood cells was genotyped for 5-HTTLPR using standard polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS: Specific binding ratios in the thalamus-hypothalamus were 2.65 +/- 0.4 in subjects with the l/l genotype (n = 3), 2.76 +/- 0.5 in subjects with the l/s genotype (n = 9), and 2.77 +/- 0.4 in subjects with the s/s genotype (n = 4). Binding ratios in the mesencephalon-pons were 1.43 +/- 0.3 (l/l; n = 3), 1.37 +/- 0.3 (l/s; n = 9), and 1.28 +/- 0.3 (s/s; n = 4). None of these differences was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide no evidence for in vivo functional regulation of 5-HTT availability by 5-HTTLPR in the thalamus-hypothalamus and mesencephalon-pons of healthy subjects. 相似文献
54.
Differential synaptic localization of two major gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha subunits on hippocampal pyramidal cells. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Z Nusser W Sieghart D Benke J M Fritschy P Somogyi 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1996,93(21):11939-11944
Hippocampal pyramidal cells, receiving domain specific GABAergic inputs, express up to 10 different subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor, but only 3 different subunits are needed to form a functional pentameric channel. We have tested the hypothesis that some subunits are selectively located at subsets of GABAergic synapses. The alpha 1 subunit has been found in most GABAergic synapses on all postsynaptic domains of pyramidal cells. In contrast, the alpha 2 subunit was located only in a subset of synapses on the somata and dendrites, but in most synapses on axon initial segments innervated by axo-axonic cells. The results demonstrate that molecular specialization in the composition of postsynaptic GABAA receptor subunits parallels GABAergic cell specialization in targeting synapses to a specific domain of postsynaptic cortical neurons. 相似文献
55.
Evaluation of a new balloon occlusion catheter specifically designed for measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient 下载免费PDF全文
56.
The α1, α2, α3, and γ2 subunits of GABAA receptors show characteristic spatial and temporal expression patterns in rhombencephalic structures during normal human brain development 下载免费PDF全文
Tamara Stojanovic Ivan Capo Eleonora Aronica Homa Adle‐Biassette Harald Höger Werner Sieghart Gabor G. Kovacs Ivan Milenkovic 《The Journal of comparative neurology》2016,524(9):1805-1824
γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in adult mammalian brain, mediating its actions chiefly via a pentameric chloride ion channel, the GABAA receptor. Nineteen different subunits (α1‐6, β1‐3, γ1‐3, δ, ε, π, θ, ρ1‐3) can give rise to multiple receptor subtypes that are the site of action of many clinically important drugs. In the developing brain, however, GABAA receptors mediate excitatory actions due to an increased chloride concentration within neurons and seem to control cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, synapse maturation, and cell death. Little is known about the distribution of single subunits in the human brain. Here we describe developmental changes in the immunohistochemical distribution of four subunits (α1, α2, α3, and γ2) in the human rhombencephalon. The γ2 was the most abundant subunit in all rhombencephalic structures during development and in adults, whereas α subunits showed a structure‐ and age‐characteristic distribution. The α1 was expressed prenatally in the molecular and Purkinje cell layer, but only postnatally in the granule cell layer and the dentate nucleus. Expression was completely absent in the inferior olivary nucleus. The α2 gradually increased during development, showing some layer specificity in the cerebellar cortex. The α3‐immunoreactivity in the cerebellar cortex was relatively weak, but it was abundantly observed in different cell populations in the subcortical cerebellar structures. Structure‐ and age‐characteristic colocalization between subunits during development suggests differences in GABAA receptor composition. Interestingly, subunit expression in several instances differed between human and rodent brain, underlining the importance of immunohistochemical studies in humans. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:1805–1824, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
57.
This mini-review attempts to update experimental evidence on the existence of GABAA receptor pharmacological subtypes and to produce a list of those native receptors that exist. GABAA receptors are chloride channels that mediate inhibitory neurotransmission. They are members of the Cys-loop pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (LGIC) superfamily and share structural and functional homology with other members of that family. They are assembled from a family of 19 homologous subunit gene products and form numerous receptor subtypes with properties that depend upon subunit composition, mostly hetero-oligomeric. These vary in their regulation and developmental expression, and importantly, in brain regional, cellular, and subcellular localization, and thus their role in brain circuits and behaviors. We propose several criteria for including a receptor hetero-oligomeric subtype candidate on a list of native subtypes, and a working GABAA receptor list. These criteria can be applied to all the members of the LGIC superfamily. The list is divided into three categories of native receptor subtypes: “Identified”, “Existence with High Probability”, and “Tentative”, and currently includes 26 members, but will undoubtedly grow, with future information. This list was first presented by Olsen & Sieghart (in press). 相似文献
58.
Reiner Schulte You-Suk Suh Ulrike Sauermann Sieghart Sopper So-Shin Ahn Nicole Stolte-Leeb Young C. Sung Christiane Stahl-Hennig 《Virology》2009,383(2):300-680
We investigated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a bimodal prime/boost vaccine regimen given by various routes in the Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) rhesus monkey model for AIDS. Twelve animals were immunized with SIV DNA-vectors followed by the application of a recombinant adenovirus (rAd5) expressing the same genes either intramuscularly (i.m.) or by oropharyngeal spray. The second rAd5-application was given i.m. All vaccinees plus six controls were challenged orally with SIVmac239 12 weeks post-final immunization.Both immunization strategies induced strong SIV Gag-specific IFN-γ and T-cell proliferation responses and mediated a conservation of CD4+ memory T-cells and a reduction of viral load during peak viremia following infection. Interestingly, the mucosal group was superior to the systemic group regarding breadth and strength of SIV-specific T-cell responses and exhibited lower vector specific immune responses. Therefore, our data warrant the inclusion of mucosal vector application in a vaccination regimen which makes it less invasive and easier to apply. 相似文献
59.
Verena Tretter Raquel Revilla-Sanchez Catriona Houston Miho Terunuma Robbert Havekes Cédrick Florian Rachel Jurd Mansi Vithlani Guido Michels Andrés Couve Werner Sieghart Nicholas Brandon Ted Abel Trevor G. Smart Stephen J. Moss 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2009,106(47):20039-20044
Fast synaptic inhibition in the brain is largely mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAAR). While the pharmacological manipulation of GABAAR function by therapeutic agents, such as benzodiazepines can have profound effects on neuronal excitation and behavior, the endogenous mechanisms neurons use to regulate the efficacy of synaptic inhibition and their impact on behavior remains poorly understood. To address this issue, we created a knock-in mouse in which tyrosine phosphorylation of the GABAARs γ2 subunit, a posttranslational modification that is critical for their functional modulation, has been ablated. These animals exhibited enhanced GABAAR accumulation at postsynaptic inhibitory synaptic specializations on pyramidal neurons within the CA3 subdomain of the hippocampus, primarily due to aberrant trafficking within the endocytic pathway. This enhanced inhibition correlated with a specific deficit in spatial object recognition, a behavioral paradigm dependent upon CA3. Thus, phospho-dependent regulation of GABAAR function involving just two tyrosine residues in the γ2 subunit provides an input-specific mechanism that not only regulates the efficacy of synaptic inhibition, but has behavioral consequences. 相似文献
60.