Cockett综合征伴下肢深静脉血栓的综合介入治疗

目的探讨介入治疗对Cockett综合征伴下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2010年10月至2012年6月收治的73例Cockett综合征伴下肢深静脉血栓患者资料,采用血栓碎吸+经皮血管内球囊扩张+内支架置入术+辅助溶栓等血管介入技术进行综合性治疗。结果 73例中治愈42例,显效19例,有效12例,总有效率100%。本组患者术中、术后无并发症,2例溶栓过程中出现血尿、便血。随访6～12个月,中位时间9个月,支架通畅率96%(70/73),均未发现支架移位和变形。结论综合介入治疗是治疗Cockett综合征伴下肢深静脉血栓的一种安全、有效、微创的治疗手段,值得临床推广。     

Flexible Phase Change Material Fiber: A Simple Route to Thermal Energy Control Textiles

A flexible hollow polypropylene (PP) fiber was filled with the phase change material (PCM) polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG1000), using a micro-fluidic filling technology. The fiber’s latent heat storage and release, thermal reversibility, mechanical properties, and phase change behavior as a function of fiber drawing, were characterized. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that both enthalpies of melting and solidification of the PCM encased within the PP fiber were scarcely influenced by the constraint, compared to unconfined PEG1000. The maximum filling ratio of PEG1000 within the tubular PP filament was ~83 wt.%, and the encapsulation efficiencies and heat loss percentages were 96.7% and 7.65% for as-spun fibers and 93.7% and 1.53% for post-drawn fibers, respectively. Weak adherence of PEG on the inner surface of the PP fibers favored bubble formation and aggregating at the core–sheath interface, which led to different crystallization behavior of PEG1000 at the interface and in the PCM matrix. The thermal stability of PEG was unaffected by the PP encasing; only the decomposition temperature, corresponding to 50% weight loss of PEG1000 inside the PP fiber, was a little higher compared to that of pure PEG1000. Cycling heating and cooling tests proved the reversibility of latent heat release and storage properties, and the reliability of the PCM fiber.     

Felbamate produces antidepressant‐like actions in the chronic unpredictable mild stress and chronic social defeat stress models of depression

Felbamate is an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant‐like actions of felbamate in mice. The effects of felbamate were first assessed using the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), and then investigated in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) models of depression. The changes in the hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling cascade after chronic stress and felbamate treatment were also examined. It was found that felbamate exhibited antidepressant‐like activities in the FST and TST without affecting the locomotor activity of mice. Felbamate was also effective in both the CUMS and CSDS models of depression. Moreover, felbamate administration fully restored the decreased hippocampal BDNF signaling pathway in both the CUMS‐stressed and CSDS‐stressed mice. Collectively, felbamate has antidepressant‐like actions in mice involving the hippocampal BDNF system.     

矽肺大鼠肺组织let-7d-3p和miRNA-21-5P差异表达及其初步分析

目的探索let-7d-3p和miRNA-21-5p在二氧化硅(SiO_2)诱导的大鼠纤维化肺组织中的差异表达及其意义。方法 SPF级Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,每组30只,采用一次性气管内灌注1 ml SiO_2悬浊液建立大鼠矽肺模型,对照组大鼠相同方法灌注1ml灭菌生理盐水。分别于染尘后1、7、14、21、28 d采集各组大鼠肺组织,每组取6只,对3只大鼠肺组织进行病理学观察,另外3只采用miRNA微阵列芯片技术筛选肺组织中差异表达的miRNA,通过miRNA芯片筛选结合反转录定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)验证let-7d-3p和miRNA-21-5p在两组间的表达水平,对let-7d-3p和miRNA-21-5p进行靶基因预测并进行GO(gene ontology)富集分析和KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路分析。结果对照组大鼠1、7、14和21 d Masson染色均可见正常肺组织,未发现胶原纤维,28 d大鼠肺间质和支气管周围仅有少量纤细的胶原分布;模型组大鼠1 d和7 d未发现胶原纤维,14 d染色可见较多以淋巴细胞为主的炎症细胞浸润,未见明显纤维组织,21 d和28 d模型组大鼠肺间质内可见大片状密集的胶原纤维沉积,在肉芽组织、支气管及血管壁周围胶原蛋白增生明显。模型组中let-7d-3p的表达水平均显著下调,miRNA-21-5p表达水平均显著上调,与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论模型组中let-7d-3p和miRNA-21-5p表达变化明显,可能与早期矽肺的发生发展有关。     

To compare the efficacy between fixation with tightrope and screw in the treatment of syndesmotic injuries: A meta-analysis

Background

To compare the efficacy between fixation with suture-button and screw in the treatment of syndesmotic injuries: a meta-analysis.

光镜组织切片结合数字切片在显微形态学实验教学中的应用

组织学教学需要将理论与实验紧密结合起来，促进学生学习机体的微观形态及相关功能。通过对比总结传统光镜组织切片与新兴数字切片的优势与局限，在显微形态学实验中采用光镜组织切片与数字切片相结合的教学；将每次实验课程（3~4学时）划分成教学录像观看、光镜组织切片与数字切片相结合观察、课程内容讨论、随机随堂测验四部分。该教学增加了学生的学习兴趣与能动性，提升了教师的教学效率，提高了整体教学质量。     

Antioxidant Activity in Extracts of 27 Indigenous Taiwanese Vegetables

The objectives of this study were to identify the antioxidants and antioxidant axtivity in 27 of Taiwan’s indigenous vegetables. Lycium chinense (Lc), Lactuca indica (Li), and Perilla ocymoides (Po) contained abundant quercetin (Que), while Artemisia lactiflora (Al) and Gynura bicolor (Gb) were rich in morin and kaempferol, respectively. Additionally, Nymphoides cristata (Nc) and Sechium edule (Se)-yellow had significantly higher levels of myricetin (Myr) than other tested samples. Cyanidin (Cyan) and malvidin (Mal) were abundant in Gb, Abelmoschus esculentus Moench (Abe), Po, Anisogonium esculentum (Retz.) Presl (Ane), Ipomoea batatas (Ib)-purple, and Hemerocallis fulva (Hf)-bright orange. Relatively high levels of Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenger were generated from extracts of Toona sinensis (Ts) and Po. Significant and positive correlations between antioxidant activity and polyphenols, anthocyanidins, Que, Myr, and morin were observed, indicating that these phytochemicals were some of the main components responsible for the antioxidant activity of tested plants. The much higher antioxidant activity of Po, Ts, and Ib (purple leaf) may be related to their higher Cyan, Que, and polyphenol content.     

试论对医学生进行人的差异的教育

人的差异是客观存在的,包括个体间和群体间的差异.随着教育的国际化和医学科技的进步,尤其是个性化医疗的发展,对医学生进行人的差异的教育日益成为一个重大的学术挑战,这是适应全球疾病生态变化、医学生职业生涯所必需,也是提高医学生临床思维能力的重要内容.应该在医学课程中注重人在形态、机能、代谢、免疫和疾病易感性等方面的差异的教育,使医学生进一步了解因为生态和文化的变化所带来的人的生理、心理和病理的变化,学会运用医学普遍规律,针对不同个体与群体的差异,具体问题具体分析,努力使自己成为一名合格的医务工作者.     

2020—2021年芜湖市主城区大气PM2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评估

目的 调查芜湖市主城区大气 PM2.5中多环芳烃（PAHs）污染特征及其人群健康风险。方法 2020年6月至2021年5月，每月10至16日采集芜湖市主城区大气PM2.5样品，检测和分析其中16种优先控制PAHs浓度及组成特征，并利用特征比值法和物质结构判断PM2.5中PAHs来源，采用US EPA健康风险模型评估其人群健康风险。结果 大气PM2.5浓度均值为49.2μg/m³，范围为7~151μg/m³；16种PAHs均有不同程度检出，总浓度均值为6.85ng/m³，范围为0.13~31.62ng/m³；PM2.5与16种PAHs各月份日均浓度变化存在相关性（R=0.867，P<0.001）；16种PAHs季节变化为冬季＞秋季＞春季＞夏季，构成均以4~6 环为主；大气PM2.5中PAHs主要来源为机动车排放和燃煤。PM2.5中16种PAHs的总致癌风险值（Risk）为2.20×10^-7，低于1×10^-6，致癌风险可忽略；非致癌风险危害商值（HQ）为0.49，小于1，非致癌健康风险低。结论 芜湖市主城区大气PM2.5中PAHs污染较轻，无明显健康风险。     

NLRP3炎症小体在糖尿病及并发症的作用及中药经NLRP3对其影响研究进展

糖尿病（DM）是以慢性高血糖为主要特征的多病因的代谢性疾病，其并发症如冠状动脉粥样硬化、肾病、足病和心脏功能障碍等具有较高的发病率、致残率和致死率。DM及其并发症病程长、易反复，难以根治，严重影响人民生命健康。NOD样受体热蛋白结构域3（NLRP3）炎症小体是炎症反应和先天免疫系统重要组成，其激活后诱发的炎症级联反应通过释放炎症因子、损伤内皮细胞、影响代谢应激等参与DM及其并发症的发生和发展。因此，作为炎症反应的核心，NLRP3炎症小体可能为DM及其并发症疾病的治疗提供新的靶点。中医药作为祖国医学的重要组成部分，在DM及其并发症的治疗中扮演着重要角色，并对NLRP3炎症小体具有调节作用，调控NLRP3炎症小体已成为中药防治DM及其并发症新的研究策略。但目前，从NLRP3炎症小体角度探究中医药治疗DM及其并发症作用报道相对零散，且缺乏系统综述。因此，该文通过分析汇总近年来国内外文献，从NLRP3炎症小体对DM及其并发症发生发展的影响和中医药经NLRP3炎症小体干预DM及其并发症进展两方面进行阐述，为中药对NLRP3炎症小体调控研究提供参考资料，以期为DM及其并发症的治疗提供新的方向。