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991.
992.
Melanie Noel Jillian Vinall Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen Amy Lewandowski Holley Anna C. Wilson Tonya M. Palermo 《The journal of pain》2018,19(1):67-75
Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSS) and chronic pain have been shown to co-occur at high rates in adolescents and this co-occurrence is linked to worse pain and quality of life. Sleep disturbance has been posited as a mechanism underlying this co-occurrence in conceptual models of mutual maintenance. This study examined the mediating role of sleep in the relationship between PTSS and pain in youth (aged 10–17 years) with chronic pain. Ninety-seven participants completed measures of PTSS, pain (intensity and interference), anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality, in addition to demographic characteristics. Mediation models were conducted. Findings revealed that, over and above the influence of associated demographic characteristics (age, race) and anxiety symptoms, sleep quality partially mediated the relationships between PTSS and pain intensity and interference for youth with chronic pain. Specifically, higher levels of PTSS was linked to higher levels of pain intensity and pain interference, and these relationships were partially explained by poor sleep quality. Findings highlight the potential mechanistic role of sleep in explaining the co-occurrence of chronic pain and PTSS and suggest sleep might be an important target in future interventions.
Perspective
Consistent with the pediatric model of mutual maintenance in PTSS and chronic pain, poor sleep quality was found to underlie this co-occurrence in youth. 相似文献993.
994.
Joseph L. Thomas Michael Ridner Jason H. Cole Jeffrey W. Chambers Sabahat Bokhari Demetris Yannopoulos Morton Kern Robert F. Wilson Matthew J. Budoff 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2018,34(12):1841-1848
The noninvasive detection of turbulent coronary flow may enable diagnosis of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) using novel sensor and analytic technology. Eligible patients (n?=?1013) with chest pain and CAD risk factors undergoing nuclear stress testing were studied using the CADence (AUM Cardiovascular Inc., Northfield MN) acoustic detection (AD) system. The trial was designed to demonstrate non-inferiority of AD for diagnostic accuracy in detecting significant CAD as compared to an objective performance criteria (sensitivity 83% and specificity 80%, with 15% non-inferiority margins) for nuclear stress testing. AD analysis was blinded to clinical, core lab-adjudicated angiographic, and nuclear data. The presence of significant CAD was determined by computed tomographic (CCTA) or invasive angiography. A total of 1013 subjects without prior coronary revascularization or Q-wave myocardial infarction were enrolled. Primary analysis was performed on subjects with complete angiographic and AD data (n?=?763) including 111 subjects (15%) with severe CAD based on CCTA (n?=?34) and invasive angiography (n?=?77). The sensitivity and specificity of AD were 78% (p?=?0.012 for non-inferiority) and 35% (p?<?0.001 for failure to demonstrate non-inferiority), respectively. AD results had a high 91% negative predictive value for the presence of significant CAD. AD testing failed to demonstrate non-inferior diagnostic accuracy as compared to the historical performance of a nuclear stress OPC due to low specificity. AD sensitivity was non-inferior in detecting significant CAD with a high negative predictive value supporting a potential value in excluding CAD. 相似文献
995.
Jessica Peters Rebecca Aslakson Marisa Wilson 《The Journal for Nurse Practitioners》2018,14(6):e121-e125
The purpose of this pilot study was to implement care collaboration measures into a critical care advanced practice. The intervention included an outreach algorithm and a standardized handoff tool during care transition. One hundred eight patients were enrolled; 5 (4%) experienced unplanned readmission. There was no significant association with transition time and the ability to complete the algorithm. Comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P < .005), a PaO2 ratio < 200 (P < .003), and pulmonary disease (P < .027) showed increased unplanned readmission within 48 hours of transition. Implementing critical care collaborating measures was not affected by transition time and unit care flow. 相似文献
996.
997.
Vanessa Pirani Gaioso Antonia Maria Villarruel Lynda Anne Wilson Andres Azuero Gwendolyn Denice Childs Susan Lane Davies 《Revista latino-americana de enfermagem》2015,23(3):500-511
OBJECTIVE:
to test a theoretical model based on the Parent-Based Expansion of the Theory of Planned Behavior examining relation between selected parental, teenager and cultural variables and Latino teenagers'' intentions to engage in sexual behavior.METHOD:
a cross-sectional correlational design based on a secondary data analysis of 130 Latino parent and teenager dyads.RESULTS:
regression and path analysis procedures were used to test seven hypotheses and the results demonstrated partial support for the model. Parent familism and knowledge about sex were significantly associated with parents'' attitudes toward sexual communication with their teenagers. Parent Latino acculturation was negatively associated with parents'' self-efficacy toward sexual communication with their teenagers and positevely associated with parents'' subjective norms toward sexual communication with their teenagers. Teenager knowledge about sex was significantly associated with higher levels of teenagers'' attitudes and subjective norms about sexual communication with parents. Only the predictor of teenagers'' attitudes toward having sex in the next 3 months was significantly associated with teenagers'' intentions to have sex in the next 3 months.CONCLUSION:
the results of this study provide important information to guide future research that can inform development of interventions to prevent risky teenager sexual behavior among Latinos. 相似文献998.
Mark J. Wilson Scott Frickel Daniel Nguyen Tap Bui Stephen Echsner Bridget R. Simon Jessi L. Howard Kent Miller Jeffrey K. Wickliffe 《Environmental health perspectives》2015,123(2):152-159
Background: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 prompted concern about health risks among seafood consumers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via consumption of contaminated seafood.Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct population-specific probabilistic health risk assessments based on consumption of locally harvested white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) among Vietnamese Americans in southeast Louisiana.Methods: We conducted a survey of Vietnamese Americans in southeast Louisiana to evaluate shrimp consumption, preparation methods, and body weight among shrimp consumers in the disaster-impacted region. We also collected and chemically analyzed locally harvested white shrimp for 81 individual PAHs. We combined the PAH levels (with accepted reference doses) found in the shrimp with the survey data to conduct Monte Carlo simulations for probabilistic noncancer health risk assessments. We also conducted probabilistic cancer risk assessments using relative potency factors (RPFs) to estimate cancer risks from the intake of PAHs from white shrimp.Results: Monte Carlo simulations were used to generate hazard quotient distributions for noncancer health risks, reported as mean ± SD, for naphthalene (1.8 × 10–4 ± 3.3 × 10–4), fluorene (2.4 × 10–5 ± 3.3 × 10–5), anthracene (3.9 × 10–6 ± 5.4 × 10–6), pyrene (3.2 × 10–5 ± 4.3 × 10–5), and fluoranthene (1.8 × 10–4 ± 3.3 × 10–4). A cancer risk distribution, based on RPF-adjusted PAH intake, was also generated (2.4 × 10–7 ± 3.9 × 10–7).Conclusions: The risk assessment results show no acute health risks or excess cancer risk associated with consumption of shrimp containing the levels of PAHs detected in our study, even among frequent shrimp consumers.Citation: Wilson MJ, Frickel S, Nguyen D, Bui T, Echsner S, Simon BR, Howard JL, Miller K, Wickliffe JK. 2015. A targeted health risk assessment following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in Vietnamese-American shrimp consumers. Environ Health Perspect 123:152–159; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408684 相似文献
999.
Robert Wilson Emily Jarvis Mickael Montembault J. Nicole Hamblin Edith M. Hessel Anthony Cahn 《Clinical therapeutics》2018,40(8):1410-1417
Purpose
Novel therapies to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are highly desirable. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of nemiralisib, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ inhibitor, administered via the Ellipta dry powder inhaler (GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) was evaluated, including an assessment of oral bioavailability.Methods
This single-center, 3-part, placebo-controlled trial in 22 healthy subjects evaluated single (100 and 200 μg) and repeat (200 μg for 10 days) doses of inhaled nemiralisib in parts A (n?=?12) and B (n?=?12) (double-blind) and single doses of inhaled nemiralisib (200 µg) with and without charcoal block in Part C (n?=?6) (open-label, 2-period, crossover). There was a minimum 14-day washout period between dosing days.Findings
21 subjects completed the study, mean age was similar in the three parts (A: 49 years; B: 44 years; C: 55 years). After single doses of nemiralisib, observed plasma Cmax dropped rapidly, followed by a slower elimination phase. Near-dose proportionality was observed: mean (95% CI) plasma Cmax and AUC0–24 values were 174.3 pg/mL (96.9–313.3) and 694.6 pg·h/mL (503.5–958.2) for 100 μg and 398.9 pg/mL (318.3–500.1) and 1699.6 pg·h/mL (1273.3–2268.7) for 200 μg, respectively. Repeat dosing for 10 days showed exposures ~2- to 4-fold higher than on the single dose (peak, trough, and AUC0–24 levels), achieving steady-state by day 6. Mean AUC0–24 was 2193.6 pg·h/mL and 1645.3 pg·h/mL in the absence/presence of charcoal. Two non–drug-related adverse events were observed; neither was serious or resulted in withdrawal.Implications
Inhalation of nemiralisib was well tolerated in these healthy subjects. Plasma pharmacokinetic variables were well defined, and charcoal block data indicate that ~23% of the total systemic exposure after inhalation from Ellipta was attributable to orally absorbed drug. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02691325. 相似文献1000.
Roberto Schreiber Cristiane M. Souza Layde R. Paim Guilherme de Rossi José R. Matos-Souza Anselmo de A. Costa e Silva Fernando R. Faria Eliza R. Azevedo Karina C. Alonso Andrei C. Sposito Alberto Cliquet José I. Gorla Wilson Nadruz 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(8):1561-1567.e1