超短波治疗慢性肺源性心脏病患者的初步探讨

目的:探讨超短波对慢性肺心病CCP患者的临床应用价值。方法:急性发作期CCP患者87例分为超短波治疗组45例和对照组42例,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予超短波治疗,对照组行常规治疗。治疗前后分别测定两组患者血浆中血管内皮生长因子VEGF、内皮素(ET-1)含量,动脉血氧分压(PaO2)和平均肺动脉压(mPAP)水平。结果:与对照组比较治疗组治疗后PaO2显著升高(P<0.01),VEGF、ET-1、mPAP明显降低(P<0.01)。VEGF、ET-1与PaO2呈负相关(P<0.01)、与mPAP呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论:超短波可以通过降低肺动脉高压对CCP患者起治疗作用。     

中国北方人群系统性红斑狼疮患者KIR基因多态性的研究

目的:检测和分析系统性红斑狼疮患者的杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)基因的多态性, 探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)从基因到临床表达的发病机制.方法:应用PCR-SSP技术检测北方62例确诊SLE患者和61例同一区域同一民族正常对照者的KIR基因位点多态性.结果:SLE 患者KIR基因表型分布较常见的为KIR3DP1、 2DL1、 2DP1、 3DL1、 2DL3及1D, 其次为2DS4、 2DL5、 3DS1、 2DS2、 2DS5和2DL2, 较低者为2DS1、 2DS3及3DP1V, SLE病例组KIR3DS1, 2DL2、 2DL5和2DL3基因型频率比对照组显著降低(P<0.01).结论:中国北方人群的SLE的发生可能与多个KIR基因等位基因有相关性.     

An Analytic Model of Subminiature Auditory Sensation System for Sound Source Localization

It is reported that some types of insects have a remarkable ability to detect the direction of an incident sound even though its acoustic sensory organs are in very close proximity each other. Maybe the ears are jointed by a cuticular structure with which the separated motions can be coupled mechanically and thus be magnified. In this paper, a detailed model is setup to describe the principle of this type of localization using a mechanical coupled structure. The transfer functions and the responses of the model in terms of time and frequency are analyzed to describe the mechanism of its ability of directional hearing. This analytical model provides a method to design the experimental model for the predetermined incident sound pressure, and the analysis of this model shows that this structure have the ability to determine the direction of the incident stimulus.     

Bizarre leiomyoma of the scrotum

Scrotal leiomyomas with atypical bizarre nuclei are rare, which might be misdiagnosed as malignant tumor. We describe a case of scrotal bizarre leiomyoma in a 65-yr-old man. The tumor was a 1 cm-sized, well circumscribed, oval mass arising from the tunica dartos muscle. Histologically, it was formed by whorling bundles of fusiform cells with occasional atypical, pleomorphic nuclei and pseudo-inclusions. Mitosis was not found. Although morphologically atypical, scrotal bizarre leiomyomas take on a biologic behavior not different from that of conventional leiomyoma, they should be distinguished from leiomyosarcoma to avoid unnecessary treatment.     

Estrogen receptor-associated expression of keratinocyte growth factor and its possible role in the inhibition of apoptosis in human breast cancer

Although estrogen is known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of estrogen remain elusive. In the present study, we focused on keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and its receptor (KGFR) in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, as a growth factor mediating estrogen action, since significant roles of KGF were demonstrated in various steroid hormone-dependent tissues. First, using paraffin-embedded specimens from 42 breast cancer patients, we examined expression patterns of KGF and KGFR by both immunohistochemistry using newly generated antibodies and nonradioactive in situ hybridization with T-T dimerized synthetic oligonucleotide probes. We next compared the results with the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta, proliferative activity and apoptotic frequency (TUNEL staining). Also, the similar approaches were taken to analyze the expression and role of KGF in ER-positive (MCF7, ZR-75-1) and ER-negative (SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231) human breast cancer cell lines in vitro. In the surgical specimens, KGF was expressed in cancer cells as well as stromal cells in 19/42 cases (45%), while KGFR was found in cancer cells in 24/42 cases (57%). The distribution of protein and mRNA in the analysis of both KGF and KGFR expression generally coincided. Moreover, KGF expression was closely associated with the expression of ER alpha, and the coexpression of KGF and KGFR significantly correlated with lower TUNEL index, but not with proliferative activity. In accordance with the in vivo findings, KGF expression was detected only in ER alpha-positive MCF7 and ZR-75-1 cells in vitro. And more importantly, we found the inhibitory effect of KGF upon the induction of apoptosis by anticancer drugs in MCF7 cells. Collectively, our results indicate that ER alpha may be involved in KGF expression, and that KGF may play antiapoptotic roles, rather than mitogenic, in human breast cancer.     

Early rehabilitation program in postmastectomy patients: a prospective clinical trial

The purpose of this study was to determine whether 20 patients who received an early postmastectomy rehabilitation treatment program showed more improvement in range of shoulder motion and functional activities than 13 patients who received instruction for exercise only. Data were obtained at preoperatively, three days after operation, at discharge and at postdischarge one month for each patient on parameters such as range of motion of the ipsilateral shoulder joint, upper extremity circumferential measurements, as well as 10 elements of shoulder function. Postoperatively, both groups showed an increased range of motion of the shoulder joint and improved functional activities, but the group that received postoperative rehabilitation management had a better range of shoulder motion and less difficulty in five items for functional assessment. This study also showed that an early rehabilitation program did not increase postoperative complications. We concluded that an early rehabilitation program or intensive instruction program only by a well-trained physical therapist or physiatrist was beneficial to postmastectomy patients in regaining the function and range of shoulder motion, and significantly better in a rehabilitation group.     

Gain-of-function polymorphism in mouse and human Ltk: implications for the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a complex multigenic disease, is a typical antibody-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies against a variety of autoantigens and immune complex-type tissue inflammation, most prominently in the kidney. Evidence suggests that genetic factors predisposing to aberrant proliferation/maturation of self-reactive B cells initiate and propagate the disease. In SLE-prone New Zealand Black (NZB) mice and their F1 cross with New Zealand White (NZW) mice, B cell abnormalities can be ascribed mainly to self-reactive CD5+ B1 cells. Our genome-wide scans to search for susceptibility genes for aberrant activation of B1 cells in these mice showed evidence that the gene, Ltk, encoding leukocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK), is a possible candidate. LTK is a receptor-type protein tyrosine kinase, belonging to the insulin receptor superfamily, and is mainly expressed in B lymphocyte precursors and neuronal tissues. Sequence and functional analyses of the gene revealed that NZB has a gain-of-function polymorphism in the LTK kinase domain near YXXM, a binding motif of the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). SLE patients also had this type of Ltk polymorphism with a significantly higher frequency compared with the healthy controls. Our findings suggest that these polymorphic LTKs cause up-regulation of the PI3K pathway and possibly form one genetic component of susceptibility to abnormal proliferation of self-reactive B cells in SLE.     

诺如病毒酶联免疫检测试剂盒效果的研究

目的 比较RIDASCREEN Norovirus 3rdGeneration kit(R-biopham AG,darmstadt,Germany)(必发试剂盒)与IDEIA NLV kit(DAKOCytomation.,Ely,UK)(dako试剂盒)两试剂盒检测诺如病毒效果.方法 用此两种试剂盒以及RT-PGR方法 对长春和广州两地的308份腹泻患儿粪便标本各检测一遍.对RT-PCR阳性标本进行基因测序、序列对比以确定型别.结果 以RT-PCR方法 为金标准,必发试剂盒的灵敏度和特异度分别是96.10%和93.51%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值是83.14%和98.63%;dako试剂盒的灵敏度和特异度分别是95.83%和95.76%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值是87.34%和98.69%.结论 必发试剂盒因为具有满意的灵敏度和较好的特异度,应该成为ELLSA检测的首选.     

PCR-RFLP based molecular typing of enteroviruses isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis in Korea

Summary.  We have evaluated PCR–RFLP as a practical method for rapid typing of enteroviruses causing aseptic meningitis in Korea. Through blind examination of 80 clinical isolates from patients with aseptic meningitis, we have compared the results of conventional serotyping with PCR–RFLP based genotyping, which was developed for this study. Among the 80 case isolates, which had been previously typed by routine neutralization test, only 42 cases (52.5%) were matched with typing by PCR–RFLP. The result clearly demonstrated that the enterovirus serotype does not coincide with the genotype. Therefore, the classification of enteroviruses by genotyping with PCR–RFLP, although rapid and simple, may be complicated by regional or seasonal differences. However, the PCR–RFLP method developed in this study is applicable to the epidemiological study of enteroviruses when regional or seasonal differences exist, and is useful in identifying the source of an infection. Received August 6, 2001; accepted April 15, 2002 Published online July 10, 2002     

急性冠状动脉综合征病人外周血超敏C反应蛋白、淀粉样A蛋白和白细胞介素-6的检测和临床意义

目的:观察急性冠脉综合征(ACS)发病时急性反应蛋白中的超敏C-反应蛋白(sCRP)、淀粉样A蛋白(SAA)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平的变化,旨在探讨ACS发病机制。方法:选取ACS病人80例,其中急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人40例,不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)病人40例,同时选取正常对照40例。采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定上述病例和对照血清中的SAA、IL-6水平,采用免疫比浊法测定血清中sCRP水平,并进行统计学分析。结果:①sCRP、SAA、IL-6水平在AMI组、UAP组显著高于对照组。②选取CK-MB粗略代表心肌坏死的程度,分别在AMI组内和UAP组内对sCRP、SAA、IL-6、纤维蛋白原和CK-MB进行Spearman等级相关分析,发现sCRP、SAA、IL-6之间存在明显相关性,并且这种相关性在UAP组强于AMI组。纤维蛋白原在AMI组中与IL-6、SAA相关,在UAP组中与sCRP相关。③无论AMI组还是UAP组,CK-MB与sCRP、SAA、IL-6、纤维蛋白原之间均无相关性。④采用Wagner 37项/29分QRS积分系统对40例AMI病人进行梗死面积的估计,结果表明QRS积分≤6分组和>6分组之间sCRP、SAA、IL-6水平无明显差异。 结论:外周血中sCRP、SAA、IL-6水平可能作为诊断和预测ACS发生的敏感指标。血清中sCRP、SAA、IL-6的升高主要不是心肌坏死的作用,可能与多病灶的不稳定斑块的存在有关。