Detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) in blood donor sera using United States assay methods for anti-HIV type 1

Twelve serum samples from French blood donors that were uniformly reactive in tests for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (anti-HIV-2) also were reactive in 92 to 100 percent of tests with three anti-HIV type 1 (anti-HIV-1) enzyme-linked immunoassays currently in widespread use for donor screening in the United States. Supplemental tests for anti-HIV-1 on these anti-HIV-2-reactive samples differed in their responses. All samples reacted in a licensed anti-HIV-1 Western blot, but there was an atypical band near the p41 position, which could be a clue to the fact that this result was a cross-reaction with anti-HIV-2. A recombinant immunoblot gave an indeterminate result for anti-HIV-1 in all 12 samples. A local immunofluorescence assay for anti-HIV-1 reacted with 92 percent of the samples, but a commercial one detected only 58 percent.     

黄体生成素对小鼠子宫生长发育及其相关基因表达的影响

目的：通过分析黄体生成素(LH)受体基因敲除小鼠子宫生长发育相关基因表达的改变,探讨LH对子宫生长发育的影响。方法：应用基因芯片和RT-PCR方法分析LH受体基因敲除鼠子宫基因表达。结果：155个基因表达改变超过3倍;与生长发育相关的基因中,10个基因表达上调、5个基因表达下调;细胞周期蛋白cyclin D基因上调、cyclin B基因下调,半定量RT-PCR分析证实了细胞周期蛋白基因表达的变化,表明LH受体基因敲除鼠子宫细胞生长发生阻滞,21 d雌二醇和孕酮替代疗法不能够使这些基因表达的改变完全恢复正常。结论：LH除促进卵巢类固醇激素合成调控子宫生长发育外,还对子宫生长发育直接起作用。     

RNA Interference: A Potent Tool for Gene-Specific Therapeutics

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process through which double-stranded RNA induces the activation of cellular pathways, leading to potent and selective silencing of genes with homology to the double strand. Much excitement surrounding small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated therapeutics arises from the fact that this approach overcomes many of the shortcomings previously experienced with approaches such as antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides and pharmacological inhibitors. Induction of RNAi through administration of siRNA has been successfully used in treatment of hepatitis, viral infections, and cancer. In this review we will present a brief history of RNAi, methods of inducing RNAi, application of RNAi in the therapeutic setting, and the possibilities of using this highly promising approach in the context of transplantation.