大鼠孤束核内NT-LI成分生后发育和衰老变化的光镜和电镜观察

用免疫细胞化学和电镜相结合技术,在光镜和电镜水平对生后4天、15天、30天、90天、300天和760天6组大鼠孤束核内神经降压肽样免疫反应(NT-LI)成分的生后发育和衰老变化进行了定量研究。光镜下孤束核内NT-LI胞体和终末主要分布于最后区平面,多见于背侧亚核、内侧亚核和连合核内。电镜下内侧亚核内可见NT-LI胞体、树突、轴突及终末。6组大鼠孤束核内NT-LI细胞均数和内侧亚核内NT-LI终末密度及其突触密度均以生后4天至15天间增长最快,NT-LI细胞数在生后15天达到最高,NT-LI终末及突触密度在生后90天达到最高。三者在生后300天时均明显减少。发育期内侧亚核内NT-LI终末构成的突触以Gray Ⅰ型为主,至老年期则变为Gray Ⅱ型占优势。发育期内侧亚核内以含清亮囊泡伴颗粒囊泡的NT-LI终末为主,老年期此类终末明显减少。只含清亮囊泡的NT-LI终末从生后至老年变化不明显。     

DICOM数据的三维重建与协同可视化系统的开发

复杂手术常需多科医生协商制定综合性治疗方案,网络协同三维可视化软件可使方案制定直观而精确。我们采用VTK工具包对DICOM格式CT图像数据进行三维重建并作网格简化,将结果所得多边形网格模型无缝集成到用HOOPS/3DAF所开发的图形系统进行显示,并用HOOPS/Stream工具包转成适合网络传输的HSF无损压缩流文件,再用HOOPS/NET工具包实现基于Client/Server架构的协同三维交互可视化系统。所得三维重建结果清晰,协同三维可视化操作实时度高。本研究实现了一个协同手术仿真开发平台,该架构易于进一步添加模拟手术操作与修复体设计功能。     

No allelic association between Parkinson's disease and dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptor gene polymorphisms

Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by a combination of unknown environmental, genetic, and degenerative factors. Evidence from necropsy brain samples and pharmacokinetics suggests involvement of dopamine receptors in the pathogenesis or pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Genetic association studies between Parkinson's disease and dopamine D2, D3 and D4 receptor gene polymorphisms were conducted. The polymorphism was examined in 71 patients with Parkinson's disease and 90 controls. There were no significant differences between two groups in allele frequencies at the D2, D3, and D4 dopamine receptor loci. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that susceptibility to Parkinson's disease is associated with the dopamine receptor polymorphisms examined. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Approaches to functional genomics: potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight mass spectrometry combined with separation methods for the analysis of DNA in biological samples

MALDI-TOF MS has potential as a valuable technique in DNA mapping studies and may well be complementary to other approaches to DNA analysis such as gel electrophoresis and sequencing. This study used 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP) mixed with diammonium hydrogen citrate (DAHC) as the matrix. In addition, recent technical advances such as time lag focussing (TLF) and better selection of matrices (such as 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (3 HPA) and picolinic acid (PA)) extended the range of DNA fragments that can be studied by this approach. The following samples were investigated: Poly-T mixture (dT 15, 19, 20, 25, 74 and 75), plasmid pBR322 derived oligonucleotides (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20 and 50 nucleotides long) and DNA fragments of 25, 36 and 37 base pairs corresponding to a fragment in the restriction map for the gene corresponding to the hexon protein of Adenovirus 2 and 5. The results were contrasted with similar analyses performed by ion-paired reversed-phase HPLC coupled to on-line electrospray mass spectrometry.     

Bone-particle-impregnated bone cement: an in vivo weight-bearing study

To evaluate an experimental inorganic-bone-particle-impregnated bone cement, canine hip prostheses were implanted in dogs using a regular bone cement on one side and the experimental bone cement on the other. In a preliminary feasibility study, bone ingrowth into the resorbed bone-particle spaces was established 3 months after implantation in three dogs. In a more detailed study, twenty-eight (28) dogs were divided in four groups to delineate the effects of time on the phenomena of bony ingrowth. One month after implantation, active bone ingrowth into the bone cement was obvious. By 3 months postimplantation, the ingrowth appeared to have traversed the thickness of the bone-particle-impregnated cement. By the fifth month, most of the interconnected inorganic bone particles were replaced by new bone. At the end of a year, the ingrown bone was mature and negligible new bone activity was present. Biomechanical pushout tests closely corroborated the histologic observations. The maximum shear strength of the cement/bone interface of the experimental side reached 3.6 times that of the control side at 5 months postimplantation. No further improvements were seen at 12 months postimplantation. A viable bone/cement interface may result in a better orthopedic implant fixation system by combining the advantages of both cement for immediate rigidity and biological ingrowth for longterm stability.     

精神科住院病人异质性团体治疗初探

目的：探讨在精神科住院病人中异质性团体治疗的运用。方法：收集不同诊断的住院病人，分析精神科住院病人团体治疗的组成、创建，并通过案例报告探讨治疗过程。结果：团体的开放性、异质性、隐私性和疗效评价是评价团体治疗的重要因素。结论：可以在中国精神科住院病人中推广团体治疗。     

The lack of effect of histamine on spontaneous activity in the isolated human myometrium

The effects of histamine on the spontaneous activity of the isolated human myometrium were studied. Both the frequency and force of contractions of the muscle strips were not significantly altered by histamine. The presence of either a histamine H₁-or H₂-receptor antagonist in the organ bath did not significantly change the responses of the uterine muscle to histamine. These findings suggest that histamine has negligible effects on the human myometrium, possibly due to the absence, or paucity, of histamine receptors.     

胃复安与下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴的关系及临床意义

下丘脑分泌的促甲状腺激素释放激素(Thyrotropin—releasing hormone，TRH)促进垂体促甲状腺激素(Thyrotropin，TSH)的合成和释放，而多巴胺(Dopamine，DA)和生长抑素(Somatostatin，SST)抑制TSH的合成和释放，甲状腺激素也对TSH产生反馈抑制作用。甲状腺功能减退患者，伴随多巴胺能神经元功能(Dopaminergietone)的降低和TSH基础水平升高。胃复安(Metoclopramide，MCP)是多巴胺第二受体拮抗剂，能加速提高甲低患者血TSH水平，特别是当运用于分化型甲癌(Differentiated thyroid carcinoma，DTC)病人时，能缩短停用左旋甲状腺素(L—thyroxine，L—T4)的时间和减轻甲状腺机能减退所致的症状和体征，有助于对DTC病灶的^131I显像诊断和^131I治疗。     

Family-based association study between autism and glutamate receptor 6 gene in Chinese Han trios.

The glutamate pathways are involved in diverse processes such as learning and memory, epilepsy, and they play important roles in neural plasticity, neural development, and neurodegeneration. It has been proposed that autism could be a hypoglutamatergic disorder. Recently, Jamain et al. reported that the glutamate receptor 6 (GluR6 or GRIK2) is in linkage disequilibrium with autism. In the present study, the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and the haplotype transmission were performed to analyze the four SNPs (SNP1: rs995640; SNP2: rs2227281; SNP3: rs2227283; SNP4: rs2235076) of GluR6 in 174 Chinese Han parent-offspring trios. The TDT demonstrated that the two SNPs (SNP2 and SNP3) showed preferential transmission (TDT P = 0.032). The global chi(2) test for haplotype transmission also revealed an association between GluR6 and autism (chi(2) = 10.78, df = 3, P = 0.013). Our results suggested that GluR6 is in linkage disequilibrium with autism.