高危型人乳头瘤病毒载量与子宫颈病变的关系

Objective To determine the association between viral load of high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods Cervical exfoliated cells were collected from 18 186 women aged 17 -59 from six urban areas and eight rural areas when they were screened in the cross-sectional population-based studies from 1999 to 2008. HR-HPV was detected by the Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) system, and viral load was measured by the ratio of relative light units to standard positive control (RLU/PC). RLU/PC was categorized for analysis into four groups: negative [0, 1.00),low viral load [1.0, 10.00), moderate viral load [10.00, 100.00), and high viral load 100. 00. Cervical lesions were diagnosed by biopsies as normal, CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and squamous cervical cancer (SCC). Association between HR-HPV viral load and CIN was evaluated by unconditional multinomial logistic regression. Results The HR-HPV infection rate of the population was 14. 51% (2515/17 334). 100. 00% (29/29) of SCC,97. 63% (206/211) of CIN 3,93.43% (199/213) of CIN 2,75.04% (421/ 561) of CIN 1 and 10. 17% (1660/16 320) of normal women were positive for HR-HPV DNA. The median RLUs for the HR-HPV positive women with SCC,CIN 3,CIN 2,CIN I and normal were 320. 85,158. 05, 143. 70,125.34 and 9. 64, respectively. There were significant differences among the distributions of viral loads in each lesion (X2=6190. 40,P<0. 01). The severity of CIN increased with the viral load (X2=5493. 35 ,P<0. 01). Compared with the risks of CINs in HR-HPV negative population,the risks of CINs in low,moderate and high viral loads were increased gradually [OR(95% CI) : CIN 1 : 9. 01 (6. 31 -12. 87), 24.96(18.23 -34. 17) and 68.42(51.40 -91.08); CIN 2:26.44(12.07 -57.95),98. 53 (49. 54 -195.98) and 322. 88(168.62 -618. 27) ; CIN 3 + : 72. 89(24.02 -221.18) ; 343. 58(121.81 -969.09) Was 3115.05,2413.95 and 3098.57, respectively. P<0.01) . In each age group of the HR-HPV positive population,the risks of CIN 2 + in the women with moderate or high viral load were higher than the one with low viral load [OR(95%CI):<35: 4. 71(1.23-18.09) and 15.06(4.40-51.49); 35-: 4.01 (1.62-9.90) and 14.09(6. 15 -32.28); 40-: 3.06(1.52 -6. 16) and 7.78(4.05 -14.95); ≥45: 3. 50(1.36 -9. 01) and 7. 57 (3. 13 -18. 30)], and there was a positive correlation between the risk of CIN 2 + and the viral load (Xtrend2was 51. 33,66. 28,53. 64 and 51.00,respectively. P<0. 01). The risk of CIN 2 + was highest among the women aged 40 -with high viral load [0R(95% CI):2.02 (1.15 -3. 52)]. Conclusion There is strong correlation between the HR-HPV viral load and the severity of CIN, and so is the correlation between the HR-HPV viral load and the risk of CIN 2 +. A moderate to high viral load of HR-HPV should be the major risk factor for the cervical cancer and CIN 2 and CIN 3,and there is a higher risk in the women aged 35 or older than the younger ones. Considering both the age and viral load could help the doctors to manage the screening women more effectively.     

计算机辅助宫颈细胞学对妊娠和产后妇女检查的意义

目的 评价ＣＣＴ对妊娠和产后４个月内妇女的普查效果。方法 将１１４６例宫颈涂片常规巴氏染色后,采用Ｐａｐｎｅｔ全自动电脑扫描和诊断系统行细胞学筛检,按ＴＢＳ诊断分类标准诊断。结果 感染性疾病检出率为８．２％;上皮细胞异常检出率为６．３％;其中宫颈上皮内瘤变（ＣＩＮ）检出率１．７％;人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）检出率为２．２％;发现２例原位癌。结论 ＣＣＴ对妊娠和产妇的筛检以及围生期病人的监测和管理有积极     

宫颈轻度上皮内瘤变的转归及其与p16基因甲基化的关系

[目的]研究轻度宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN1）的转归,并探索p16基因甲基化能否成为预测其预后的生物学指标。[方法]以2002年山西省阳城县人群子宫颈癌筛查发现的CIN1患者和宫颈正常者为研究对象,抽取所有的CIN1共139例,同时随机抽取正常120例．运用甲基化特异性PCR（MS—PCR）-DH-PLC组合检测技术对基线病理蜡块进行p16基因甲基化检测。追踪随访CIN1患者6年,观察病变的转归,并评价p16基因甲基化对CIN1病变进展的危险性。[结果]随访6年后,CIN1病变逆转、持续和进展的比例分别为70．3％、13．2％和16．5％。对基线标本进行p16基因甲基化检测,CIN1组的甲基化率（24．2％）高于正常组（17．6％）,但差别无统计学意义（x2=1．60,P=0．21）;基线HPVDNA阳性组的甲基化率（23,5％）高于阴性组（15。6％）,差别无统计学意义（Y2=2．01,P=-0．17）。CINl中甲基化和非甲基化组病变持续或进展的比例分别为20．0％和34．9％,差异无统计学意义（X2=2．30,P=0．13）,病变预后与p16基因甲基化状态无明显关联（RR=0．57,0．26～1．24）。[结论]经过6年随访,约有三分之二的CIN1逆转,仅有三分之一的病变维持原状或发生进展。尚不能证明CIN1病变进展与p16基因甲基化有关,该指标不能用于预测CIN1的预后。     

cobas 4800 HPV检测在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值

  目的  评价cobas 4800 HPV检测技术在宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查中的可行性及应用价值。  方法  对河南省新密市856例年龄 > 21岁有性生活的妇女进行宫颈癌筛查。每位妇女均接受了cobas 4800 HPV检测、高危型HPV第二代杂交捕获试验(hy brid capture 2 technology, HC2)检测、ThinPrep液基细胞学和阴道镜检查。阴道镜下在可见病变处直接取活检; 任意筛查结果阳性但无可见病变时, 于宫颈外口鳞柱交界处行四象限随机活检和宫颈管搔刮术(endocervical curettage, ECC)。  结果  cobas 4800HPV检测与HC2检测对宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN)2级以上(CIN2、CIN3及宫颈癌)患者的灵敏度均为94.4%(34/36), 特异度分别为63.2%(516/817)和63.9%(522/817);一致率为83.4%(711/853), 两者具有高度一致性(Kappa=0.65)。cobas 4800 HPV检测对于液基细胞学检查漏诊的患者具有100%检出率。cobas 4800 HPV16及18分型检测对于CIN2以上患者的阳性预测值21.9%为HC2检测10.3%的2.13倍。妇女感染HPV16及18型患CIN2以上病变的年龄比感染其他类型平均小5.4岁。  结论  cobas 4800 HPV检测与HC2检测具有相似的准确性和良好的一致性, 比ThinPrep液基细胞学检查更为灵敏, 并且能鉴别HPV16及18两种高风险类型HPV感染, 利于医生更有针对性地随访宫颈病变中的高危病例。      

山西省阳城县妇女人乳头瘤病毒感染的危险因素分析

目的探讨影响我国子宫颈癌高发区人乳头瘤病毒感染的因素,为人乳头瘤病毒感染和子宫颈癌的防治工作提供依据.方法采用横断面调查法对山西省阳城县子宫颈癌筛查结果进行比较研究.将采集的子宫颈细胞应用第二代杂交捕获试验进行HPV DNA检测,可检测13种高危型HPV脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),以≥2.0 pg/ml作为阳性指标.资料应用VFP软件进行录入和整理,用χ2检验和非条件Logistic回归模型分析危险因素与子宫颈癌的关系.结果 3 233名完成了调查表和HPV检测的妇女符合本次研究的要求,各性生活持续年龄段HPV感染率差别无显著性(χ2=6.35,P=0.50).单因素分析显示与HPV感染相关的因素有婚外性行为、结婚次数(>1/1)、子宫颈糜烂、息肉、尿路感染和阴道滴虫,OR分别为1.69(1.38～2.06)、1.66(1.19～2.31)、1.41(1.08～1.84)、1.24(1.05～1.46)、1.57(1.20～2.07)、1.26(1.04～1.52).HPV感染的危险度比值比随性伴侣数增高呈增高趋势,与1个性伴侣相比,2、3和>3个的危险度比值比分别为1.37(1.08～1.74)、1.55(1.03～2.34)和1.66(1.19～2.31).多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果表明,婚外性行为和尿路感染与HPV感染差异有显著性,调整年龄后依然存在差异.结论 HPV感染的预防应放在进入性生活的各段年龄,HPV感染与婚外性行为相关,尿路感染史对HPV感染有影响.     

免疫细胞化学和DNA图像定量分析在良恶性浆膜腔积液鉴别诊断中的应用

目的:分析B72.3、Ber-EP4和Calretinin抗体组与DNA图像定量分析(DNA image cytometry,DNA-ICM)结合在良恶性浆膜腔积液诊断和鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法:选取109例浆膜腔积液标本做石蜡包埋细胞块切片免疫细胞化学(Immunocytochemistry,ICC)和ThinPrep薄片DNA-ICM分析.结果:109例浆膜腔积液中,最终诊断为79例癌性积液和25例良性积液,104例最终诊断病例中,B72.3、Ber-EP4和Calretinin抗体组及DNA-ICM的敏感性分别为88.6%和82.3%,两者结合敏感性高达96.2%.结论:B72.3、Ber-EP4和Calretinin抗体组与DNA-ICM结合能有效提高对癌细胞诊断的敏感性.     

胸腔肿瘤非抽吸式穿刺活检2100例分析

目的 总结用秦氏细切割穿刺针,为胸部可疑肿瘤患者行穿刺活检,探讨其效果及并发症.方法 在B超或模拟机、CT扫描定位,常规消毒、局麻下穿刺,涂片95%酒精固定或2%福尔马林固定,离心作病理检查.结果 胸膜、纵隔、肺部肿块共2100例,阳性确诊率分别为87.7%,82.1%和80.1%,平均阳性诊断率为81.1%.气胸及咯血并发症分别为1.4%和0.9%,并发症主要发生在肺穿刺患者中.胸膜、纵隔没有出现并发症.结论 该针的优点是操作简单,不用负压抽吸,操作时间短,取材容易,成功率高,损伤小,成功率、并发症与操作熟练程度相关.     

食管癌分子生物学研究进展

分子生物学研究显示食管癌的发生发展过程中有许多基因及蛋白发生改变.与食管癌癌前病变相关的分子事件主要有p53基因突变及蛋白的过表达、一些基因位点的杂合性丢失及DNA甲基化及一些染色体非整倍体的出现;与食管癌治疗及预后密切相关的生物标志物主要有P53蛋白、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、趋化因子受体-4(CXCR-4)等.     

高危型人乳头瘤病毒载量与子宫颈病变的关系

Objective To determine the association between viral load of high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods Cervical exfoliated cells were collected from 18 186 women aged 17 -59 from six urban areas and eight rural areas when they were screened in the cross-sectional population-based studies from 1999 to 2008. HR-HPV was detected by the Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) system, and viral load was measured by the ratio of relative light units to standard positive control (RLU/PC). RLU/PC was categorized for analysis into four groups: negative [0, 1.00),low viral load [1.0, 10.00), moderate viral load [10.00, 100.00), and high viral load 100. 00. Cervical lesions were diagnosed by biopsies as normal, CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and squamous cervical cancer (SCC). Association between HR-HPV viral load and CIN was evaluated by unconditional multinomial logistic regression. Results The HR-HPV infection rate of the population was 14. 51% (2515/17 334). 100. 00% (29/29) of SCC,97. 63% (206/211) of CIN 3,93.43% (199/213) of CIN 2,75.04% (421/ 561) of CIN 1 and 10. 17% (1660/16 320) of normal women were positive for HR-HPV DNA. The median RLUs for the HR-HPV positive women with SCC,CIN 3,CIN 2,CIN I and normal were 320. 85,158. 05, 143. 70,125.34 and 9. 64, respectively. There were significant differences among the distributions of viral loads in each lesion (X2=6190. 40,P<0. 01). The severity of CIN increased with the viral load (X2=5493. 35 ,P<0. 01). Compared with the risks of CINs in HR-HPV negative population,the risks of CINs in low,moderate and high viral loads were increased gradually [OR(95% CI) : CIN 1 : 9. 01 (6. 31 -12. 87), 24.96(18.23 -34. 17) and 68.42(51.40 -91.08); CIN 2:26.44(12.07 -57.95),98. 53 (49. 54 -195.98) and 322. 88(168.62 -618. 27) ; CIN 3 + : 72. 89(24.02 -221.18) ; 343. 58(121.81 -969.09) Was 3115.05,2413.95 and 3098.57, respectively. P<0.01) . In each age group of the HR-HPV positive population,the risks of CIN 2 + in the women with moderate or high viral load were higher than the one with low viral load [OR(95%CI):<35: 4. 71(1.23-18.09) and 15.06(4.40-51.49); 35-: 4.01 (1.62-9.90) and 14.09(6. 15 -32.28); 40-: 3.06(1.52 -6. 16) and 7.78(4.05 -14.95); ≥45: 3. 50(1.36 -9. 01) and 7. 57 (3. 13 -18. 30)], and there was a positive correlation between the risk of CIN 2 + and the viral load (Xtrend2was 51. 33,66. 28,53. 64 and 51.00,respectively. P<0. 01). The risk of CIN 2 + was highest among the women aged 40 -with high viral load [0R(95% CI):2.02 (1.15 -3. 52)]. Conclusion There is strong correlation between the HR-HPV viral load and the severity of CIN, and so is the correlation between the HR-HPV viral load and the risk of CIN 2 +. A moderate to high viral load of HR-HPV should be the major risk factor for the cervical cancer and CIN 2 and CIN 3,and there is a higher risk in the women aged 35 or older than the younger ones. Considering both the age and viral load could help the doctors to manage the screening women more effectively.