腺相关病毒载体介导的VEGF121基因的构建及其在人脐静脉内皮细胞的表达

目的 研究腺相关病毒载体介导人血管内皮生长因子基因(AAV-VEGF121)的体外促血管内皮细胞生长作用.方法 RT-PCR法获取人VEGF121基因,克隆入pAAV-MCS载体中,构建成pAAV-VEGF121(处理组),以空白载体克隆入pAAV-MCS病毒(对照组);两组分别在AAV-293细胞中包装成pAAV-VEGF121病毒颗粒和空白病毒颗粒.相同条件下,两组分别感染人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),半定量RT-PCR检测细胞内VEGF121基因mRNA的表达;CCK-8法测取OD450nm值,绘制细胞增殖曲线;电子显微镜观察细胞超微结构的改变.结果 成功构建AAV-VEGF121;半定量RT-PCR显示处理组细胞内VEGF121的mRNA表达水平高于对照组(P＜0.01);细胞增殖曲线显示处理组细胞增殖能力明显高于对照组;透射电镜显示处理组细胞内与蛋白质合成有关的细胞器增生明显活跃.结论 AAV-VEGF121基因对血管内皮细胞的生成具有促进作用.     

肠系膜占位性病变实时超声定位诊断价值

目的 探讨实时超声显像对肠系膜占位性病变定位诊断的价值.方法 分析19例肠系膜占位性病变的实时超声表现,观察实时超声检查过程中改变体位时病变的移动性.所有病例均与CT检查结果对照,并经手术和病理证实.结果 19例肠系膜占位性病变中,16例肿块可在脊柱两侧移动,超声定位诊断符合率84.21%,CT定位诊断符合率42.10%.结论 实时超声检查可动态观察肿块的移动性,对肠系膜占位性病变的定位诊断有较大参考价值.     

实时灰阶超声造影在乳腺肿瘤诊断中的应用研究

目的探讨实时灰阶超声造影对乳腺肿瘤良恶性鉴别的价值。方法52例乳腺肿块患者（25例良性,27例恶性）,利用第二代造影剂SonoVue及Technos DU8实时造影匹配成像技术,对比分析良恶性肿瘤的增强模式、时间-强度曲线及造影参数。结果恶性肿瘤多呈不均匀性增强,良性病变以均匀性增强为主（P〈0.01）。时间-强度曲线在良性组以快进快出型（12/25）及慢进快出型多见（8/25）,而恶性组以快进慢出型为主（19/27）。造影参数分析显示两组间在斜率、第90s增强比、峰值至90s曲线下面积及增强程度的差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）,且恶性组均高于良性组。结论实时灰阶超声造影能清晰显示肿瘤微血管灌注,有助于乳腺肿块的良恶性评估。     

组织谐波显像在胰腺囊性病变诊断中的价值

目的　探讨组织谐波显像在胰腺囊性病变诊断中的临床价值。方法　经手术病理证实的 3 0例胰腺囊性病变患者行二维超声及组织谐波显像检查 ,对组织谐波显像 (THI)与基波显像 (FI)对比分析。结果　组织谐波显像对囊壁边界及内部回声结构的显示均优于基波显像。结论　组织谐波显像能显著提高图像质量 ,提高胰腺疾病的显示率和诊断的准确性。     

超声造影微血管成像与常规超声靶向引导前列腺癌穿刺活检的比较研究

ObJective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography microflow imaging (MFI) in detecting prostate cancer. Methods Sixty-five patients with serum prostate-specific antigen levels higher than 4.00 μg/L were evaluated with transrectal gray-scale,power Doppler,and MFI ultrasonography and then biopsy guided by ultrasonography. Biopsy was performed at twelve sites in the base,the mid gland and the apex in each patient. In these three transverse sections, when any of the three methods showed abnormality,the biopsy site was directed to the abnormal foci. Diagnostic efficiency of the three methods for prostate cancer detection was compared based on biopsy results according to patient and biopsy site. Results Overall prostate cancers were detected in 230 (29.5 %) of 780 specimens in 36(55.4%) of 65 patients. MFI could detect more patients(34) than gray-scale(26) and power Doppler(28) (P = 0.021, P = 0.031), 6(16.7%)of the 36 patients diagnosed with cancer were identified only by MFI. By biopsy site, MFI had higher sensitivity and overall accuracy (80.0% and 83.0%) than gray-scale (47.0% and 76.8%) and power Doppler (37.4% and 74.6%) ultrasonography(P <0.001, P<0.001 ; P = 0.001, P <0.001), while the specificity of MFI was 84.4%, lower than gray-scale (89.3%) and power Doppler (90.2%) ultrasonography(P = 0.009, P < 0.001). Conclusions MFI could detect more patients and improve sensitivity and overall accuracy by biopsy site than conventional uhrasonography.     

超声造影微血管成像与常规超声靶向引导前列腺癌穿刺活检的比较研究

ObJective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography microflow imaging (MFI) in detecting prostate cancer. Methods Sixty-five patients with serum prostate-specific antigen levels higher than 4.00 μg/L were evaluated with transrectal gray-scale,power Doppler,and MFI ultrasonography and then biopsy guided by ultrasonography. Biopsy was performed at twelve sites in the base,the mid gland and the apex in each patient. In these three transverse sections, when any of the three methods showed abnormality,the biopsy site was directed to the abnormal foci. Diagnostic efficiency of the three methods for prostate cancer detection was compared based on biopsy results according to patient and biopsy site. Results Overall prostate cancers were detected in 230 (29.5 %) of 780 specimens in 36(55.4%) of 65 patients. MFI could detect more patients(34) than gray-scale(26) and power Doppler(28) (P = 0.021, P = 0.031), 6(16.7%)of the 36 patients diagnosed with cancer were identified only by MFI. By biopsy site, MFI had higher sensitivity and overall accuracy (80.0% and 83.0%) than gray-scale (47.0% and 76.8%) and power Doppler (37.4% and 74.6%) ultrasonography(P <0.001, P<0.001 ; P = 0.001, P <0.001), while the specificity of MFI was 84.4%, lower than gray-scale (89.3%) and power Doppler (90.2%) ultrasonography(P = 0.009, P < 0.001). Conclusions MFI could detect more patients and improve sensitivity and overall accuracy by biopsy site than conventional uhrasonography.     

超声造影微血管成像与常规超声靶向引导前列腺癌穿刺活检的比较研究

ObJective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography microflow imaging (MFI) in detecting prostate cancer. Methods Sixty-five patients with serum prostate-specific antigen levels higher than 4.00 μg/L were evaluated with transrectal gray-scale,power Doppler,and MFI ultrasonography and then biopsy guided by ultrasonography. Biopsy was performed at twelve sites in the base,the mid gland and the apex in each patient. In these three transverse sections, when any of the three methods showed abnormality,the biopsy site was directed to the abnormal foci. Diagnostic efficiency of the three methods for prostate cancer detection was compared based on biopsy results according to patient and biopsy site. Results Overall prostate cancers were detected in 230 (29.5 %) of 780 specimens in 36(55.4%) of 65 patients. MFI could detect more patients(34) than gray-scale(26) and power Doppler(28) (P = 0.021, P = 0.031), 6(16.7%)of the 36 patients diagnosed with cancer were identified only by MFI. By biopsy site, MFI had higher sensitivity and overall accuracy (80.0% and 83.0%) than gray-scale (47.0% and 76.8%) and power Doppler (37.4% and 74.6%) ultrasonography(P <0.001, P<0.001 ; P = 0.001, P <0.001), while the specificity of MFI was 84.4%, lower than gray-scale (89.3%) and power Doppler (90.2%) ultrasonography(P = 0.009, P < 0.001). Conclusions MFI could detect more patients and improve sensitivity and overall accuracy by biopsy site than conventional uhrasonography.     

开胸术后肺不张43例临床分析

目的探讨影响开胸术后肺不张的危险因素及预防。方法通过回顾分析43例开胸手术后并发肺不张病例,总结分析肺不张的危险因素及预防。结果本组开胸术后肺不张与多种因素有关,多发生在术后1～3d,肺不张发生率为17.3%,死亡率为9.3%,主要死于严重感染、急性呼吸衰竭（RF）及多器官功能衰竭。结论开胸手术患者术后肺不张的发生与年龄、吸烟史、肺部感染灶、是否合并重要器官基础疾病、手术直接创伤麻醉及手术方式等有密切关系;及时引出支气管内储留分泌物、解除支气管内痰液潴留,尽早促进不张肺复张,选用有效抗生素预防治疗肺不张, 能提高开胸手术患者的疗效。     

芬太尼镇痛对严重烧伤患者休克期应激反应和免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨严重烧伤患者休克期芬太尼静脉自控镇痛的安全性、有效性,及其对应激反应和免疫功能的影响.方法 40例严重烧伤患者于伤后24 h内入院,随机分为传统镇痛(CAT)组、静脉输注芬太尼自控镇痛(PCIA)组,每组20例.在积极抗休克的同时,CAT组根据需要肌肉注射哌替啶50 mg和异丙嗪25 mg.PCIA组给予芬太尼镇痛,配方:芬太尼10 μg/mL+氟哌利多50 μg/mL,负荷剂量3 mL,背景输注剂量2 mL/h.对镇痛开始前、后两组患者疼痛程度和镇静状态通过视觉模拟标尺(VAS)进行评分,并观察有无恶心、呕吐、幻觉、呼吸抑制等不良反应;检测镇痛前、后血浆应激激素(ACTH、Cor、E和NE)以及细胞因子(IL-1、IL-6和TNF-α)的浓度.结果 PCIA组镇痛效果明显优于CAT组(P＜0.01).两组均未出现明显的恶心、呕吐、幻觉及呼吸抑制等不良反应;PCIA组镇痛开始后血浆中应激激素及细胞因子的水平大部分明显降低(P＜0.05),与CAT组各时点比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).结论 严重烧伤患者采用芬太尼静脉自控镇痛能明显降低机体的应激反应,抑制炎性细胞因子的释放,发挥免疫调节作用.