段光周教授治疗咳嗽经验

吾师段光周教授,师承已故著名中医学家彭展样教授,精研（内经》、《金匾》等经典并勤于临床,誉满全国。段师认为治咳必求于本,临证务当审明病因、病位、病性而因人制宜,随证立法,故于寻常止咳法外屡获奇中。现将其经验介绍如下。1求因吾师谓咳嗽一症,首当辨明外感内伤。《是岳全书咳嗽》篇说：“咳嗽之要,止惟二证。何为二证？一日外感,一日内伤而尽之矣。”外感必有受病之因与可凭之症。盖六气皆令人咳而有伤寒、温病之异;温病又有温热、湿热、燥热不同。段师据前贤“温邪上受,首先犯肺”及“见病温者,始于上焦,在手少阴”等…     

骨髓间充质干细胞在肝部分切除模型小鼠体内向肝细胞分化

以含20%胎牛血清的DM EM低糖培养基,原代细胞直接贴壁培养,48 h后换液继续培养,分离BALB/C小鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞,该细胞分为CD44 CD29 与CD44-CD29 两群。将第5代骨髓间充质干细胞注入部分肝切除小鼠肝右叶,术后5 d和14 d分别处死动物,测体重、肝重与肝功,制备肝组织芯片,原位杂交和免疫荧光同步检测Y染色体与肝细胞标记(白蛋白或CK 18),并作图像叠加。发现移植组小鼠在移植后5 d与14 d在注射肝叶与非注射肝叶内皆可检出大量同时表达Y染色体与白蛋白及Y染色体与CK 18的细胞。术后14 d,移植组肝重与肝脏器指数高于模型组。表明骨髓间充质干细胞能在有再生需求的小鼠体内向肝细胞分化并参与再生。     

扶正中药诱导肿瘤细胞分化研究进展

诱导分化(Induction of differentia-tion,IOD)是指恶性肿瘤细胞在体内外分化诱导剂的作用下,向成熟或接近成熟的细胞分化。肿瘤的诱导分化作为肿瘤治疗的一条新途径,近年来研究非常活跃。国内外文献资料中出现这样的术语,如肿瘤逆转(reversion)、逆向转化(reversion transform     

人脐带血间充质干细胞分离培养的技术初探

目的：探讨人脐带血中的间充质干细胞(umibihcal cord blood mesenchymal stem cells，UBCMSCs)的分离培养方法。方法采用密度梯度离心法结合直接贴壁法分离UBCMSCs,MDEM(低糖）培养基加20%新生小牛血清培养并传代，进行观察并应用FACScan流式细胞仪检测细胞表面抗原表达情况。结果：将密度梯度离心收获的单个核细胞接种培养后，24h后即可见有少量细胞贴壁，呈圆形；48h后贴壁细胞增多，少量贴壁细施形态呈单极梭形突出；反复换液后梭形细胞明显增多，最后获得均一的贴壁细胞。培养6天后细胞开始呈对数生长。在单个核细胞中，CD44^ 细胞的比例占16．8％，CD34^ 为29．6％；经培养14天后，CD44^ 细胞显著增多，占54．4％，而CD34^ 细胞的比例降至6．0％。结论：密度梯度离心结合直接贴壁法可在体外分离培养UBCMSCs，可望用于大量制备人源性MSCs。     

乙型肝炎合并急性胰腺炎六例临床分析

病毒性肝炎尤其是重型肝炎合并急性胰腺炎时，常使病情加重，甚至可导致死亡。我科2001年9月--2003年10月共收治住院乙型肝炎患者1047例，其中并发急性胰腺炎6例。现将6例患者的临床资料分析如下。     

老年人小区健身三忌

忌负重憋气憋气会加重心脏负担，引起胸闷、心悸。憋气时因胸腔的压力增高．脑供血减少．易发生头晕目眩．甚至：昏厥。憋气完毕．回心血量骤然增加．易发生心脑血管疾病。     

Anticancer effects of 5-fluorouracil combined with warming and relieving cold phlegm formula on human breast cancer

Objective:To investigate the anticancer effects of warming and relieving cold phlegm formula(温化寒痰复方,WRCP),a Chinese medical mixture composed of the aqueous extracts of Aconitum carmichaeli, Rhizoma bolbostemmatis,Phytolacca acinosa,Panax notoginseng,and Gekko swinhonis G u enther,combined with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)on human breast cancer in vivo.Methods:Seventy-two Nu/Nu mice inoculated with MDA- MB-231 breast cancer cells were randomized into the control group,5-FU group,high-dose WRCP(hWRCP)group, medium-dose WRCP(mWRCP)group,low-dose WRCP(IWRCP)group,or combination of mWRCP and 5-FU group in a 1:1:1:1:1:1 ratio.Drug administration was commenced on the day following tumor implantation.The control group was injected daily with normal saline(N.S.)intraperitoneally;the 5-FU group was injected with 5-FU at 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally every third day for a total of 7 treatments;the hWRCP group,mWRCP group and IWRCP group received daily doses of 5,1,and 0.2 g/kg of WRCP,respectively,by gastric perfusion;and the combination group was treated with 5-FU plus mWRCP on the same schedules as above.All treatments lasted for 22 days.Tumor volume,tumor weight,inhibition rate of tumor weight,necrosis rate of tumor,organ index,and change in body weight of nude mice were measured.Results:The combination group and the hWRCP group had significantly smaller tumor volumes(580±339 mm~3 and 587±249 mm~3 versus 1055±234 mm~3,respectively), lower tumor weights(0.42±0.29 g and 0.52±0.29 g versus 0.80±0.15g,respectively),and higher tumor necrosis rates(22.7%and 25.6%versus 9.4%,respectively)as compared with the control group(all P<0.05).Similar changes were found in the 5-FU,mWRCP,and IWRCP groups when compared with the control group but were not statistically significant,except for the tumor weight for the 5-FU group.The combination group and the hWRCP group had significantly smaller tumor volumes compared with the 5-FU group(778±202 mm~3,bothP<0.05).The combination group had the highest tumor inhibition rate(47.7%),followed by the hWRCP group(35.2%)and 5-FU group(28.3%).The 5-FU group had a lower body weight increase(1.37±2.06 g versus 5.60±0.72g,P<0.05) and a lower spleen index(4.064±1.774 mg/10g versus 5.294±1.796 mg/10g)as compared with the control group,whereas the combination group reversed the changes in the 5-FU group with the body weight increase of 3.52±1.80 g(P<0.05)and spleen index of 7.036±1.599 mg/10 g(P<0.05).The spleen indices in the hWRCP, mWRCP,and IWRCP group were all significantly higher than that in the 5-FU group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).No significant differences in body weight change were observed in WRCP groups compared with the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion:The treatment combination of WRCP and 5-FU was more effective in the inhibition of tumor growth than either agent alone and may have potentially additional benefit in improving the general condition and immunity of the mice with human breast cancer cell implants.     

血清肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标联合检测在胰腺癌肝转移诊断中的价值

目的探讨肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标联合检测在胰腺癌肝转移早期诊断中的临床价值。方法选取125例胰腺癌患者,其中肝转移58例,无肝转移67例。检测患者血清肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标水平,并对结果进行分析。结果胰腺癌肝转移者血清中癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原19-9（CA19-9）、糖类抗原242（CA242）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平显著高于无肝转移者（P〈0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示CEA、CA19-9、CA242与LDH诊断肝转移的最佳上限为6.0μg/L、842 U/m l、64.48 U/L与220 U/L。CEA和LDH单独检测肝转移的敏感性为64.2%和51.9%,特异性为71.4%和74.2%。而CEA与LDH联合检测的敏感性和特异性为77.6%和93.5%。结论肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标联合检测特异性高,有助于胰腺癌肝转移的早期诊断。     

三焦学说研究进展

三焦之名 ,始见《内经》。《内经》中三焦所指有二 :一为六腑之一 ;一为人体上焦、中焦、下焦的合称。三焦学说自古争论甚多 ,近年的研究又取得了不少进展 ,现介绍如下。1　三焦的形态自《难经》提出三焦“有名而无形”之后 ,历代医家围绕三焦之有形、无形、何形展开了广泛的争论。目前 ,多数医家认为三焦有形。既然有形 ,其形何状 ?由此又有了孤府与部位之争。倡孤府者 ,如张友泰谓三焦为一位居膈下 ,功能协同心肺宣发诸气之有形脏器 ,而杨一工等更直指为“胰腺”[1 ] 。然而多数医家都认为 ,三焦是对人体上、中、下三部的划分。2　三焦的…     

从三焦气化看水液代谢

根据《内经》、《难经》有关论述,指出大肠、膀胱属下焦,“如：口—胃津液大肠—膀胱”轴为摄入水的基本代谢轴,“口—胃(脾)精微 肺 血 膀胱”轴为人体内生水的基本代谢轴,提出以三焦气化为核心的人体水液代谢系统及开宣上焦、升举中焦、恒调下焦三法治疗水液代谢失常性疾病。