Chemical and experiential basis for rejection ofTropaeolum majus byPieris rapae larvae

Rejection of nasturtium,Tropaeolum majus, by cabbage-reared larvae ofPieris rapae has been explained by the presence of feeding deterrents in the nastrutium foliage. Sensitivity to the deterrents develops as neonate larvae feed on cabbage. The most prominent deterrent compound, which is present in nasturtium at a concentration of 40 mg/100 g fresh leaves, was identified as chlorogenic acid. When neonate larvae were fed on a cabbage leaf treated with high concentrations of deterrent-containing extracts of nasturtium foliage, they remained insensitive to the deterrents, so they accepted nasturtium when transferred as second instars. When neonate larvae were reared on a cabbage leaf treated with 0.1 mg chlorogenic acid, ca. 35% of the second instars accepted nasturtium. Similar dietary exposure of neonates to the subunits of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and quinic, acid resulted in much less or no effect on the rejection behavior of second instars. The results suggest that the combined effects of specific chemical constituents of nasturtium can explain the rejection of this plant by larvae ofP. rapae, but if larvae are continuously exposed to these compounds immediately after hatching, they apparently become habituated to the feeding deterrents. The lack of activity of the subunits of chlorogenic acid suggests that specific structural features are necessary for a dietary constituent to cause such habituation or suppression of sensitivity development.     

1—苯基—5—巯基四氮唑和苯并三氮唑在胶态银和硫化银上的阳极抑制效应

为了研究抑制剂对银核和硫化银核的不同作用，本工作考察了1－苯基－5－巯基四氮唑（PMT）和苯并三氮唑（BTA)作为抑制剂在银核和硫化银核上物理显影的阳极抑制和解抑制效应。实验结果表明：1）PMT和BTA对Ag核和银离子过量时制得的硫化银核，Ag2S(Ag)，的显影催化活性都有不同程度的抑制作用，而对硫离子过量时制得的硫化银核，Ag2S(S)，无明显的抑制作用，这可能是由于过量硫离子在硫化银核上的吸附要强于这两种抑制剂；2）S2O3^2-或I^-离子的存在对BTA在Ag核上有解抑制作用，不仅可恢复甚至提高Ag核的显影催化活性，而对Ag2S核的抑制作用无明显影响；3）与BTA不同，S2O3^2-或I^-离子对PMT在Ag核上没有解抑制作用，对Ag2S(Ag)核的抑制作用还稍有增强，而对Ag2S(S)核稍有减弱；4）银溶胶中的表面增强拉曼谱（SERS）测量证实：BTA在Ag核上的吸附导致Ag核显影催化活性的下降，加入S2O3^2-或I^-离子后致使BTA的SERS信号消失则意味着BTA在银核表面的脱附。以上这些结果说明阳极抑制机理在抑制效应中有重要作用。     

双核酞菁钴磺酸铵用于催化裂化汽油的脱臭

采用尿素法合成了双核酞菁钴磺酸铵;通过正交实验及单因素实验,考察了双核酞菁钴磺酸铵在液-液催化氧化法中对催化裂化汽油脱臭的最佳工艺条件:碱液质量分数为10%,催化剂加入量为1 0g·L-1,反应温度为40℃,反应时间为3min;与磺化酞菁钴和美国进口脱臭催化剂ARI100-EXL的脱硫醇效果进行了比较,结果表明双核酞菁钴磺酸铵对汽油的脱臭效果明显优越于磺化酞菁钴催化剂,与进口催化剂的脱臭效果基本相当。     

一种基于小波系数加权平均的Retinex图像增强算法

在光照不足的情况下,由摄像机采集到的图像清晰度很低,难以辨别,一般利用Retinex理论方法对此类图像进行增强处理,但是Retinex方法有一定的缺陷,主要是Retinex增强后的图像饱和度过强.针对于这种饱和度过强的问题,采用小波对Retinex增强后的图像进行融合.结果表明该方法能够更有效的实现融合,尤其是信息熵可以增大10%左右,在理论和视觉上都能获得良好的效果,优于传统的SSR方法.     

学科成长：问题与策略——以浙江工业大学学科建设为例

本文以浙江工业大学学科发展为例,对学科成长进行了调查研究,以揭示学科发展成长的一般规律。调查显示,浙江工业大学的学科大多处于形成期,组织化程度不高,社会服务能力不足,学科带头人培养亟待加强。调查详细分析了影响学科成长的主要因素,提出了相应的建设策略。     

宝珠寺重力坝地震前后渗流原观特性对比分析(灾后重建专刊)

宝珠寺重力坝位于"5·12"特大地震的六大重灾区之一的四川省广元市境内,是接近震中库容最大的电站.监测数据显示地震后大坝坝体结构完整,个别坝段横缝有挤压现象;通过扬压力测值序列和扬压力折减系数的计算分析得出.大坝坝基扬压力无明显变化,只有个别测点测值有小幅波动;测值序列显示大坝渗漏量在震后明显增大,随后减小并呈现出逐步降低的趋势;从渗压等值线及矢量图分析得出震后大坝库区地下水位无明显变化,渗压空间相对稳定.在对大坝监测资料在地震前后对比分析和现场调查的基础上,分析了震后大坝渗流在发生变化的原因,对大坝防渗系统的工作状况做出了基本判断.     

Multi-channel micro neural probe fabricated with SOI

Silicon-on-insulator(SOI) substrate is widely used in micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS).With the buried oxide layer of SOI acting as an etching stop,silicon based micro neural probe can be fabri-cated with improved uniformity and manufacturability.A seven-record-site neural probe was formed by inductive-coupled plasma(ICP) dry etching of an SOI substrate.The thickness of the probe is 15 μm.The shaft of the probe has dimensions of 3 mm×100 μm×15 μm with typical area of the record site of 78.5 μm2.The im...     

基于微藻培养的沼液处理相关耦合技术进展

基于微藻培养的沼液处理相关耦合技术是近些年沼液资源化处理利用领域的研究热点。本文综述了沼液处理与CO₂固定耦合技术、沼液处理与高值生物质生产耦合技术、沼液处理与生态农业耦合技术等耦合技术的研究发展现状与优缺点，并指出了各耦合技术发展的关键问题，如沼液处理与CO₂固定耦合技术中高CO₂耐受性藻株选育与固碳影响机理研究问题、沼液处理与高值生物质生产耦合技术中低成本、低能耗高值生物质生产技术开发问题、沼液处理与生态农业耦合技术系统性评价体系缺乏问题等。最后，为促进耦合技术突破现有瓶颈，从微藻选育、微藻培养、沼液处理与沼气工程综合经济性4个角度提出相关的建议。     

基于OGC标准的水利一张图关键技术解析

为解决水利空间数据共享困难的问题,江苏省基于开放地理信息标准,采用去中心化技术路线,构建水利一张图。利用OGC(开放地理空间信息联盟)提供空间数据交换和服务互操作协议,具体接口可以在业务领域定制化实现,提出以OWS(OGC网络服务)融合异构空间数据,实现地图局部更新和统一风格展示;通过URI定位属性并与Solr搜索引擎结合,扩展WFS实现基于语义的空间信息查询;基于服务链和工作流整合水利空间功能;结合LDAP协议实现CSW服务,构建跨部门、级别、业务的细粒度空间信息目录;通过服务负载均衡,实现云端GIS等方案。从技术上实现水利一张图平台框架,可满足水利空间信息公共服务的功能、性能需求,并为基于水利一张图整合全省水利信息资源,提供理论参考和技术借鉴。     

Interface trap effect on the transient characteristics of a photovoltaic InSb infrared detector

The transient characteristics can be significantly affected by the interface trap. In order to reveal the intrinsic mechanism and provide some references for the design of detectors, the interface trap effect on the transient characteristics of a back-illuminated photovoltaic InSb infrared detector is studied with two-dimensional simulations. The relationships between interface traps and some key physical parameters, such as the hole concentration, the recombination rate and the electric field, are analyzed to reveal the intrinsic mechanisms of the influence of the interface traps on the transient characteristics. Studies show that with the increase of the interface trap density, the recombination rate and the electric field near the interface increase, the hole concentration decreases, and the “black holes” in current density distribution appear and move forward to the pn junction. And the transient photoresponse decreases with the increase of the interface trap density.