Energy and economic analysis of a hydrogen and ammonia co-generation system based on double chemical looping

In this work, a model of hydrogen production by double chemical looping is introduced. The efficiency benefit obtained was investigated. The chemical looping hydrogen generation unit is connected in series to the downstream of a chemical looping gasification unit as an additional system for 100 MW·h coal gasification, with the function of supplementary combustion to produce hydrogen. Using Aspen Plus software for process simulation, the production of H_2 and N_2 in the series system is higher than that in the independent Chemical looping gasification and Chemical looping hydrogen generation systems, and the production of hydrogen is approximately 25.63% and 12.90% higher, respectively; The study found that when the gasification temperature is 900 °C, steam-carbon ratio is 0.84 and oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.5,the hydrogen production rate of the system was the maximum. At the same time, through heat exchange between logistics, high-pressure steam at 8.010×10~4 kg·h~(-1) and medium-pressure steam at 1.101×10~4 kg·h~(-1) are generated, and utility consumption is reduced by 61.58%, with utility costs decreasing by 48.69%. An economic estimation study found that the production cost of ammonia is 108.66 USD·(t NH_3)~(-1). Finally, cost of equipment is the main factors influencing ammonia production cost were proposed by sensitivity analysis.     

The dynamic evolution of aggregated lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries

Lithium (Li) metal anodes promise an ultrahigh theoretical energy density and low redox potential,thus being the critical energy material for next-generation batteries.Unfortunately,the formation of Li den-drites in Li metal anodes remarkably hinders the practical applications of Li metal anodes.Herein,the dynamic evolution of discrete Li dendrites and aggregated Li dendrites with increasing current densities is visualized by in-situ optical microscopy in conjunction with ex-situ scanning electron microscopy.As revealed by the phase field simulations,the formation of aggregated Li dendrites under high current den-sity is attributed to the locally concentrated electric field rather than the depletion of Li ions.More specif-ically,the locally concentrated electric field stems from the spatial inhomogeneity on the Li metal surface and will be further enhanced with increasing current densities.Adjusting the above two factors with the help of the constructed phase field model is able to regulate the electrodeposited morphology from aggregated Li dendrites to discrete Li dendrites,and ultimately columnar Li morphology.The methodol-ogy and mechanistic understanding established herein give a significant step toward the practical appli-cations of Li metal anodes.     

一种基于图计算的电力系统故障建模方法

故障建模是电力系统仿真分析的重要基础,如何快速准确对某类（N-1、N-2等）故障进行建模一直困扰电网分析人员。首先,分析了电力系统故障建模需要考虑的故障发展路径、故障动作时序两个要素,其中故障发展路径的搜索是故障建模的难点;其次,结合电力系统数据结构特征,提出了基于图计算的电力系统故障建模方法;最后,通过一个规模较大的省级电网验证了所提方法的有效性。在未来“双碳”“双高”电力系统发展的背景下,所提方法为电力系统在线、离线仿真分析所依赖的全网故障建模提供了新的思路和工具。     

考虑风险偏好的快速频率响应备用容量规划

增设快速频率响应备用容量,为威胁系统频率安全事件设立备用规划方案,是应对电力系统频率稳定新形势的重要手段.首先,考虑一次调频事故拦截的潜在收益,采用风险偏好成本收益分析模型作为小概率极端事件的风险价值评估依据;基于序贯蒙特卡洛方法建立常规机组、高压直流传输线路、风电机组的运行状态模型,并将故障集输入所提的系统频率仿真模型中,对功率扰动实现系统频率追踪及下降最低点捕捉,进而获得满足快速频率响应备用容量;兼顾可靠性收益与备用综合成本,定义快速频率响应备用成本收益模型,并提出相应的备用方案可行性校验方法.算例结果表明:所提快速频率响应备用容量规划方案能有效的避免小概率极端事件被同质化,且极端事件概率越小,备用需求越高.     

车用聚丙烯改性材料气味分析及改善措施

针对改性的聚丙烯(PP)材料,探讨了基体PP树脂、吸附剂、后处理工艺以及加香对PP改性材料气味的影响。研究结果表明,选用氢调法PP树脂制得的PP改性材料气味性能优于降解法;吸附剂能一定程度继续提升PP气味;同时材料的后处理对PP改性材料的气味提升有积极作用;最后通过加香措施对PP改性材料味型进行适当的调整,最终改善后的PP材料气味性能合格,并成功应用于某款车型零部件开发。     

某电厂6kV电源进线开关误跳事故分析及处理

装机容量为100 MW某机组在分系统调试阶段中,1台6 kV主油泵电动机工频模式启动过程中机组6 kV B段电源进线开关无故障跳闸,导致厂用系统失电.经各方讨论决定,通过一系列试验措施对6 kV B段电源进线开关无故障跳闸的原因进行分析,并提出预防方案避免类似事故的发生,为同类型机组提供参考.     

计及需求响应的区域综合能源系统双层优化调度策略

需求响应聚合商通过需求响应聚合用户的可转移负荷和可削减负荷,提高区域综合能源系统运行的灵活性和经济性。考虑综合能源系统运营商和需求响应聚合商之间的交互博弈关系,建立了计及需求响应的区域综合能源系统双层优化调度模型。上下层分别以区域综合能源系统运营商和需求响应聚合商经济收益最大为目标,利用KKT条件和线性化方法将双层模型转化为单层混合整数线性优化模型进行求解。结果显示,通过分时电价和需求响应补偿价格引导用户调整用能计划,可在提高综合能源系统运营商和需求响应聚合商的利润的同时实现削峰填谷,减少对电网安全稳定运行造成的影响。     

5G无人机全自主巡检系统在500 kV特大跨越上的应用

随着电力系统的不断发展,大数据、人工智能、通信网络技术、云计算等技术成为了建设智慧电网的强大后盾,同时无人机作为先进的巡检工具高效地解决了目前日益增长的输电线路运维需求.5G网络的不断普及带来的低时延、大带宽、海量连接的效果大幅提升了数据的传输效率.基于此,描述了5G技术与无人机全自主巡检系统在500 kV特大跨越输电线路上的优势与发展前景,立足实现智能巡检,提升巡检作业效率与准确性,以促进电力行业发展.     

我国建筑装饰用微晶玻璃的发展与展望

微晶玻璃是将某种基础玻璃进行加热,通过微晶化控制,最终得到的多晶固体复合材料.微晶玻璃具有独特的结构与多样性质,使其应用非常广泛.我国建筑装饰用微晶玻璃的发展经历了30余个春秋,取得了巨大的成就.目前我国已经从制造大国向制造强国迈进,微晶玻璃工业应加强理论、新技术研究与创新,加强市场开拓与培育,规范市场竞争秩序,培养相关工业的技术人才.     

共沉淀法制备透明质酸修饰超小纳米氧化铁影响因素的研究

采用共沉淀法,通过改变透明质酸及氨水与铁离子的比例、反应物浓度、温度和反应体系大小等反应参数制备出透明质酸修饰的超小超顺磁氧化铁纳米颗粒(Fe3 O4@HA),并对所合成的样品进行了尺寸、形貌和磁性的表征.实验结果表明:使用共沉淀方法时,所制备的Fe3 O4@HA的饱和磁化率受反应参数的影响较小,且都介于55～80 emu/g之间;但纳米颗粒的形貌、水合粒径受反应参数的影响较大.对于初始反应体积为50 mL的体系,透明质酸1.5 g、铁离子0.9 mmol、氨水用量15 mL、温度为80℃是本实验筛出的最佳条件.此外,根据最佳反应条件进行30倍放大,可一次制备出2 L的Fe3 O4@HA溶液,证明本体系具备工业化生产的潜力.