Customer knowledge discovery from online reviews

The explosive growth of Chinese electronic market has made it possible for companies to better understand consumers?? opinion towards their products in a timely fashion through their online reviews. This study proposes a framework for extracting knowledge from online reviews through text mining and econometric analysis. Specifically, we extract product features, detect topics, and identify determinants of customer satisfaction. An experiment on the online reviews from a Chinese leading B2C (Business-to-Customer) website demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method. We also present some findings about the characteristics of Chinese reviewers.     

基于PR控制器的直接转矩控制策略研究

针对传统直接转矩控制中采用开关表控制造成转矩和电流脉动,以及传统调节器不能实现对交流输入信号的无静差控制等问题,基于电机空间电压矢量的转矩和磁链2个分量解耦的控制方式和PR控制器能够在静止坐标系下实现对交流输入信号的无静差控制,将PR控制器用于永磁同步电机的直接转矩控制中,并由此设计出磁链和转矩的双PR控制器。同时,在定子磁链的观测中,采用基于转子位置和定子电流的新型定子磁链估计方法。试验结果证明,将PR控制器对交流输入信号的无静差跟踪特性应用于基于空间电压矢量调制的直接转矩控制中,系统能获得优良的动态和静态响应,取得了显著的应用成效,由此验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。     

From ethnographic record to system design

This paper explores the issues involved in moving from ethnographic explorations of work in context to a practical contribution to system design. It does so using the example of an interdisciplinary research project involving sociologists and computer scientists in the domain of air traffic control systems. It forms a pair with another paper (Sommerville et al., 1992) exploring these questions from the perspective of our computer science partners. We characterise ethnography as a research method, and consider the differences between undertaking it for strictly sociological or anthropological purposes by contrast with interdisciplinary and design purposes. We summarise some of our results in ethnographic explications of the work of air traffic controllers, and the sociality which it manifests. We describe the dialogues involved in rendering these observations informative for systems design, and the mutual translations implied in attempting to reconcile sociological with software engineering questions about supporting the work. We conclude by specifying some features of cooperative work which an engineering approach is in danger of overlooking; the ways, and limits, in which ethnographers can form a bridge between users and designers; and some of the conflicts of interest entrained in generating technical change.The research is funded by the UK MRC/SERC/ESRC Cognitive Science/HCI Initiative with the title Social Analysis of Control Systems for HCI Design, grant number SPG 8931598. The computer science partners are Professor Ian Sommerville, Dr Tom Rodden, Dr Pete Sawyer and Mr Richard Bentley. Thanks are due to Val King, Kjeldt Schmidt, Ian Sommerville and Tom Rodden for very helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper.     

基于KML的GPS数据轨迹可视化

针对GPS轨迹数据可视化的需求,采用KML技术设计具有针对性的数据管理构件。通过对NMEA-0183数据解析和基于Bursa-Wolf方法的空间数据转换等过程,实现一种空间数据精确转换到KML的方法,成功应用于某GPS数据管理平台,为其提供高效、可靠的GPS轨迹数据可视化与交互处理功能。     

碳含量对缺碳硬质合金组织和性能的影响

通过配制不同碳含量的WC-6Co缺碳硬质合金,采用X射线衍射、光学金相、显微硬度、钴磁和TRS等分析方法,对比研究碳含量对低压烧结缺碳硬质合金的显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明:碳含量影响合金中η相的类型、含量、分布、WC的形状以及合金的性能;Co3W3C相出现在缺碳程度相对较小的合金中,其含量随碳含量的增加而增大,而Co6W6C相与之相反;合金中的η相总量随碳含量的增大而减少;随着缺碳程度的增加,合金中η相的分散均匀性变差,并且η相趋向于成大块状;WC大多呈现多角特征;合金的密度和维氏硬度随着碳含量的增加,先大幅度增加后缓慢减小,碳含量为5.2%(质量分数)时均出现最大值,合金的钴磁和横向断裂强度随着碳含量的增加而增加。     

稻壳基碳量子点对废水中Pb(Ⅱ)的检测

为了进一步实现生物质废弃资源的综合利用,以及对废水中污染物的检测,以稻壳粉为原料,在600℃和N2氛围下煅烧完成后使用一步水热法制备了钝化剂修饰的碳量子点,得到荧光为蓝绿光的二酸铵(ACA-CQDs)改性稻壳基碳量子点.采用SEM/EDS、HRTEM、FTIR等现代分析技术对碳量子点进行了理化特性表征,发现二酸铵(ACA-CQDs)量子点可以成功检测水中的Pb(Ⅱ).建立了一种有效的检测水体中Pb(Ⅱ)简便快速高效的方法.     

Multi-Omics Revealed Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Guard Cell Systemic Acquired Resistance

Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) improves immunity of plant systemic tissue after local exposure to a pathogen. Guard cells that form stomatal pores on leaf surfaces recognize bacterial pathogens via pattern recognition receptors, such as Flagellin Sensitive 2 (FLS2). However, how SAR affects stomatal immunity is not known. In this study, we aim to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying the guard cell response to SAR using multi-omics of proteins, metabolites and lipids. Arabidopsis plants previously exposed to pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst) exhibit an altered stomatal response compared to control plants when they are later exposed to the bacteria. Reduced stomatal apertures of SAR primed plants lead to decreased number of bacteria in leaves. Multi-omics has revealed molecular components of SAR response specific to guard cells functions, including potential roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fatty acid signaling. Our results show an increase in palmitic acid and its derivative in the primed guard cells. Palmitic acid may play a role as an activator of FLS2, which initiates stomatal immune response. Improved understanding of how SAR signals affect stomatal immunity can aid biotechnology and marker-based breeding of crops for enhanced disease resistance.     

开绕组永磁同步电机系统有限集模型预测控制研究

提出了一种用于开绕组永磁同步电机(OW-PMSM)的快速模型预测控制方法,与传统模型预测电流控制(MPCC)相比,在不影响性能的情况下减少了预测的次数和时间.为了提高OW-PMSM的转速响应和抗负载扰动性,提出了单环模型预测控制(MPC),将速度环MPC和电流环MPC组合一起同时进行模型预测控制.仿真结果表明所提出方法能够有效降低算法复杂度和改善系统控制性能.     

氘/钯气-固系统中过热现象的量热研究(三)

在凝聚态核科学低能核反应的研究领域中,通常使用等温量热法来计算系统中产生的过热功率.由于反应室结构以及在标定实验和触发实验中使用的气体的导热系数的不同,反应室内会产生不同的温度梯度和温度分布.另外,气体压力的变化也会改变反应室内热传递方式,进而进一步影响反应室内的温度梯度和温度分布,这些原因导致利用等温量热法计算的过热功率存在较大的测量误差,这类误差在很多的过热测量中被误认为是系统产生的过热功率.     

蛙跳式充电的无人机自主巡线技术与系统(一):基于GPS/RTK的无人机自主定位

为解决无人机巡线过程中的续航难题,设计实现基于蛙跳式充电的无人机自主巡线系统.作为第一部分,本文基于GPS/RTK的无人机自主定位展开研究.首先,针对南方电网公司提出的无人机无人操控自主巡线目标,搭建了蛙跳式充电平台,以提高无人机的续航能力;然后,为保证无人机能按预设航迹进行自主导航,并准确降落到地面平台进行充电,对无人机GPS/RTK组合导航模块中自主巡线关键技术进行了研究;最后,分别对巡线技术中姿态解算、加速度补偿及延时补偿这3个主要环节进行实验仿真.实验结果表明:姿态解算算法可以准确地估计无人机在飞行中的飞行姿态,并能适时快捷地补偿运动加速度;延时补偿算法能有效地解决定位传感器延时的问题;在气压计输出高度数据不健康时,系统能识别数据的健康状况,并自动融合GPS输出的高度数据.因此本文提出的方法和研究结论对无人机的自主巡线有着重要的工程指导意义.