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71.
Summary The ring-opening polymerization of 2-phenyl-1,3,-6,2-trioxaphosphocane (4), an eight-membered cyclic phosphonite, has been investigated. Cationic initiators of PhCH2-Cl and MeOTf gave polymers, whereas anionic and radical initiators did not yield polymer. The structure of polymer was examined by IR, 1H, 31P, and 31C NMR spectroscopy of polymers and elemental analysis as well as the alkaline hydrolysis products. The polymer consisted of two different units, i.e., the major part is the normal phosphinate structure 5 and the minor part is the isomerized unit 6 in 7% with PhCH2Cl initiation and in 34% with MeOTf initiator. The difference in nature of propagating species from these two initiators are discussed in connection with their reactivities.On leave from the Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China 相似文献
72.
Summary The ring-opening polymerization of deoxophostone 5, a five-membered cyclic phosphinite, has been studied. Some cationic initiators gave polymer whereas anionic and radical initiators as well as metal chloride (Lewis acid) catalysts did not yield polymer. The polymer consisted of a phosphine oxide repeating unit 6. The polymerization proceeded via the Arbuzov-type reaction. The reduction of polymer 6 with a HSiCl3/Et3N system gave polyphosphine 7. 相似文献
73.
Takashi Mitamura Hiroyuki Ogino Hidehiko Kobayashi Toshiyuki Mori Hiroshi Yamamura 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1993,76(8):2127-2128
Preparation of BaLa2 O4 , Ba3 ,Y4 O9 , Ba ,In2 O5 , and Ba3 Ga2 O6 powders and their sintering were investigated in Ar or air. These sintered bodies with perovskite-related structure were synthesized by reaction sintering, using mixed powders in the atomic ratios of Ba/La = 1, Ba/Y = 0.75, Ba/In = 1, and Ba/Ga = 1.5. The order-disorder transition temperatures of the BaLa2 O4 , Ba3 Y4 O9 , Ba2 In2 O5 , and Ba3 Ga2 O6 sintered bodies were 270°, 350°, 880°, and 123Oo C, respectively. It was found that the temperatures were influenced by the ionic radius of cations in B sites, and the transition temperatures decreased with increasing ionic radius. 相似文献
74.
Summary Glow discharge polymerizations of allyltrimethylsilane (ATMS) and trimethylvinyloxysilane (TMVOS) were investigated by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The formed polymers were far different in elemental composition from the starting materials, and possessed high carbon and hydrogen contents. There was less difference in an infrared-spectral sense between the two polymers from ATMS and TMVOS. A polymer-forming process in a discharge state is discussed. 相似文献
75.
Masato Sakaguchi Tetsuro Yokono Yuzo Sanada Junkichi Shoma Hisatsugu Kashiwabara 《Fuel》1981,60(2):136-138
The ball-milling of coal with methylmethacrylate monomer was carried out under vacuum at 77 K and at room temperature and in air. The e.s.r. and i.r. spectra of ball-milled material showed that a copolymer of coal and methylmethacrylate was formed on the surfaces of coal created by ball-mining. Oxygen is an inhibitor to this process. 相似文献
76.
77.
Motoi Takahashi Toshiyuki Mori Fei Ye Ajayan Vinu Hidehiko Kobayashi John Drennan 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2007,90(4):1291-1294
A Pt on nano-sized CeO2 particles that in turn are supported on carbon black (CB) was synthesized using the co-impregnation method. This potential anode material for fuel cell applications was synthesized in a stepwise process. The pure CeO2 was synthesized using an ammonium carbonate precipitation method, and the Pt particles dispersed on the CeO2 in such a way that a uniform dispersion with the CB was obtained (Pt–CeO2 /CB). The electrochemical activity of the methanol (CH3 OH) oxidation reaction on the Pt–CeO2 /CB was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry experimentation. The onset potential of CH3 OH oxidation reaction on the Pt–CeO2 /CB anode was shifted to a lower potential as compared with that on commercially available Pt–Ru/carbon (C) alloy anode. In addition, the activation energy of the Pt–CeO2 /CB anode was much lower than that of the Pt–Ru/C alloy anode. Moreover, the current density of the Pt–CeO2 /CB anode was much higher than that of the Pt–Ru/C alloy anode at temperatures between 28° and 60°C. These results suggest that the anode performance of the Pt–CeO2 /CB anode at the operating temperature of typical fuel cells (80°C) is superior to that of the more usual Pt–Ru/C alloy anode. Importantly, the rare metal, Ru, is not required in the present anode material and the amount of Pt required is also significantly reduced. As a consequence, we report a promising candidate Pt–CeO2 /CB composite anode for application in the development of direct methanol fuel cells. 相似文献
78.
This study examines further the phenomena of the modification of coal carbonizations by organic additives. Anthracene, pyrene and chrysene modify the carbonization in a closed system of coking coals as observed from increases in the size of optical textures of resultant cokes. Weakly caking coals are unaffected. Chrysene is the most efficient modifier probably because of its lowest calculated free valence. The co-additives tetralin and hydrogenated anthracene oil further enhance the modification processes so obviating the necessity to use hydrogenated additives. Co-carbonizations of oxidized coking and caking coals with decacyclene are effective in removing the effects of mild oxidation. Increased rates of carbonization enhance the sizes of optical textures of resultant cokes. 相似文献
79.
A Sm(III) exchanged NaY zeolite prepared from aqueous SmCl3 was modified with various amounts of fluorine using NH4F. These fluorinated zeolites exhibit enhanced catalytic activity for the dealkylation of cumene. The evaluation of acid sites by infrared spectroscopy and pyridine adsorption was correlated with fluorine content. 相似文献
80.
Hisao Ichijo Tetsuro Suehiro Aizo Yamauchi Shigeo Ogawa Masanori Sakurai Nobuo Fujii 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1982,27(5):1665-1674
A poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber support incorporating various aminoacetal functional groups has been developed for immobilizing enzymes. The aminated PVA fiber seems to adsorb enzymes with electrostatic force of attraction; thus the immobilization procedure is simple. By the use of this fiber having immobilized enzymes, the reaction between enzymes and substrates is nearly independent of the size of subtstrates. This newly developed type of fiber, which is formed by a mass superfine fibers (SFF), each measuring 1 μm or less in diameter, permits much more increased surface area than the conventional enzyme immobilization supports. Our studies of the properties of the fiber for immobilization of enzymes show the following results: (1) SFF has a greater ability for the immobilization of invertase than ordinary fibers; (2) dimethyl-aminated SFF has the best performance for the immobilization of invertase. From these results, it is concluded that the dimethyl-aminated SFF is an excellent support for the immobilization of invertase. 相似文献