Weapons systems analysis,Part III: Warfare gaming,tactics and techniques

Survivability has an expensive price tag. The reliability and continuing improvements in accuracy, cost effectiveness (cost/kill) and speed of precision guided munitions (PGM) will ultimately change warfare gaming tactics and techniques in the near future. This paper identifies, analyzes and classifies various warfare campaigns with respect to strategy, techniques and tactics.     

Heat and mass transfer from a laminar humid air stream to a plate at subfreezing temperature

Processes involving the transfer of heat from a humid air stream in laminar flow to a horizontal plate with the simultaneous deposition of frost is of importance in a variety of refrigeration equipment. The accumulating frost layer impedes the heat flow to the cooling surface. The present study is carried out to determine both theoretically and experimentally the factors that influence, frost formation on a cold surface and to correlate the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers with these factors.Experiments were conducted on a 600 mm long, flat horizontal plate, the Reynolds number and the relative humidity of the impinging air stream were varied from 30 000 to 140 000 and from 40% to 60% respectively, while the average surface temperature was near - 18°C. Empirical correlations of the Nusselt number and Sherwood number are presented.     

System effectiveness criteria for the analysis of MX basing modes

Due to the increased accuracy of the Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces, the present U.S. silo based missiles are becoming more vulnerable to attack. One reason for creating MX missiles in the first place is to avoid this vulnerability of silos. It is imperative now that basing of MX missiles be reconsidered before committing billions of dollars to a defensive system that may turn out to be a Maginot line for the 1980s. This paper puts forward criteria such as survivability, cost, operational readiness, technical feasibility, etc., and methodologies that can be used for the analysis and evaluation of various basing modes which might keep the deployment of MX missiles effective.     

Modelling the repairability function by the first passage time distribution of Brownian motion

This paper puts forward the first passage time distribution of Brownian motion as a repairability model. The paper fits the model to observed active repair data of radar systems, obtaining as a result estimates of the mean first passage time, drift and diffusion parameters of the associated Brownian motion. Hypothesizing the first passage time distribution of Brownian motion for active repair time data of radar systems, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test shows that the model is accepted and can be chosen as the parent population.     

Online fault adaptive control for efficient resource management in Advanced Life Support Systems

This article presents the design and implementation of a controller scheme for efficient resource management in Advanced Life Support Systems. In the proposed approach, a switching hybrid system model is used to represent the dynamics of the system components and their interactions. The operational specifications for the controller are represented by utility functions, and the corresponding resource management problem is formulated as a safety control problem. The controller is designed as a limited-horizon online supervisory controller that performs a limited forward search on the state-space of the system at each time step, and uses the utility functions to decide on the best action. The feasibility and accuracy of the online algorithm can be assessed at design time. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme by running a set of experiments on the Reverse Osmosis (RO) subsystem of the Water Recovery System (WRS).     

Social categorization as a function of latitude of acceptance and series range.

The categories used when Ss select their number and labels were studied in a 2 X 2 X 2 design as a function of latitudes of acceptance prevailing in 2 populations (American Indian and non-Indian), the range of the stimulus series, and the social value of the objects. Category widths and scale centers used by Ss from the 2 populations for neutral series (numerals) did not differ significantly, but those for valued series (monetary values) did. When the valued series range exceeded the latitude of acceptance (independently estimated), the assimilation of higher values which occurred was limited by initial population differences in latitude of acceptance. More discrepant values were accumulated into a broad objectionable category (contrast). (25 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Sherif-Dear simple (SDS) Theorem in number theory

We put forward a theorem in number theory called the SDS Theorem, prove it by enumeration, and cite some relevant applications.     

Frost formation and heat transfer on circular cylinders in cross-flow

When humid air comes into contact with a surface whose temperature is below the dew point of water vapour in air and also below the freezing point, frost deposition takes place over the surface. Previous studies indicate that the heat transfer rate increases at the initial stages of deposition since the rough frost surface acts as a finned one. As the frost thickens, however, the insulating effect of the frost layer predominates resulting in a reduction in the heat transfer rate. This paper presents a transient model to predict the frosting process over a circular cylinder in a cross-flow of humid air. the transfer parameters are computed employing a numerical solution of the momentum, energy and diffusion boundary-layer equations along with the continuity equation, using a finite difference scheme. Empirical correlations for thermal conductivity and density are utilized for closure purposes. Model results are compared with existing experimental data and with numerical data of previous investigators and are found to agree well in the applicable temperature and humidity ranges of the frost density and conductivity correlations.